(exam) rock cycle Flashcards
What forms igneous rocks
The cooling and solidification of magma
What is the rock cycle
The process of how rocksbecome other types of rocksover huge periods of time.
What forms sedimentary rocks
rock sediment compact and cement together
What forms metamorphic rocks
Rocks changing due to intense heat and pressure
weathering
Weathering is the wearing down of rocks into smaller pieces
erosion
The transportation of rock sediment
extrusive and intrusive is used to classify igneoeus rocks on:
texture
extrusive:
Rocks that cool from lava on or above earth’s surface
intrusive:
rocks that cool from magma deep underground
features of intrusive rocks
coarse texture, large crystals visible to human eye,
features of extrusive rocks
fine texture, made up of very fine crystals,
heat and pressure forms
metamorphic
Weathering and erosion forms
sediment
Cooling of magma or lava forms
igneous
Compaction and cementing forms
Sedimentary rocks
What type of rock has coarse texture, large crystals visible to human eye, and forms from magma cooling deep underground
intrusive
What type of rock has tiny crystals and a fine grained texture, and is formed from magma cooling above or on the surface
extrusive
How do fossils prove continental drift
fossils of land animals and plants of the same age on different continents
What is sea floor spreading
At a divergent plate, a volcano forms, the underwater volcanic eruptions create new igneous rock. When magma cools, new crust is formed. This new crust causes the seafloor to spread apart slowly
magnetic striping
The earths magnetic field moves overtime, causing the north and south poles to drift slowly. Every few million years, they flip around. When they flip, while new rock is being produced during seafloor spreading, the magnetic minerals in the rock align to the poles.
How does Sediment thickness prove continental drift
The further away from a plate boundary you are, the thicker the sediment is, because it is older rock.
Regional metamorphism
regional: occurs over large area under crust due to extreme heat and pressure from movement of tectonic plates
contact metamorphism
Contact: occurs over smaller scale mainly due to heat. Rock that comes into contact with magma underground undergoes metamorphism
