Exam Revision

Question 1

what is properganda

Answer 1

properganda is an organised means of spreading a particular philosophy. It uses art, literature, radio, film, media releases, education and other forms of communication to transmit a message that a government or organisation wishes to relay

Question 2

what is the great depression

Answer 2

severe worldwide economic depression
causes:
-less spending
-increased unemployment
-less production
-oversupply of products and raw materials
-fall in prices
-less profit for manufacturers
effects:
-many unemployed workers
-extreme political solutions
-rations and vouchers given out in aus
-factories shut down
-farms and homes lost
-people went hungry

Question 3

treaty of versailles

Answer 3

peace treaty aimed to punish germany due to their role in ww1
Blame- Germany had to accept 100% of the blame for starting WW1
Reparations- Germany had to pay the winners the equivalent of $400bil in today money
Armed Forces- Germany were only allowed 100,000 soldiers, 6 battleships, no submarines and no airforce.
Territory- Lost land in Germany, lost Alsace Lorraine and colonies
arguments of whether it was to be signed

Question 4

anti semitism

Answer 4

hospitality to or prejudice against Jewish people

Question 5

what is nazism

Answer 5

the ideaology of national socalism. it was a form of fascism that promoted the idea that the german people were racially superior

Question 6

what is communism

Answer 6

a system of social organisation in which all property is owned by the community and each person contributes and recieves according to their ability and needs

Question 7

what is isolationalism

Answer 7

a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.

Question 8

what is facism

Answer 8

a nationalistic ideology that is achieved through totalitarian leadership and methodology. Total power is given to the dictator. Individuals rights such as freedom of speech, freedom of religion and freedom of press are denied. the nation and its power are what counts, not the independence of the individual.

Question 9

how was TofV a cause of WWII

Answer 9

the harsh conditions of the treaty of versaille
-fuelled resentment
-believe it was forced upon them
-allies lack of response to hitlers actions encouraged german aggression
-economic hardship and instability in germany, this led for the search of strong leadership, which hitler and the nazi party exploited to gain power.

Question 10

how was appeasement a cause of WWII

Answer 10

-it allowed the nazis to keep taking risks of breaking terms of the TofV as well as expanding and gaining power as non of the allies seemed to intervene.
-the munich agreement in 1938 was signed by the allies giving germany all of the sudetenland.
-this led to hitlers invasion of poland where britain and france declared war on germany

Question 11

what were hitlers actions and how were they a cause of WWII?

Answer 11

hitlers actions-
1. stop paying reparations
2. re-arm
3. invasion of rhineland
4. anschluss with austria
5. czechoslovakia and munich agreement
6. nazi soviet pact
7. invasion of poland
hitlers actions and how they were reacted led hitler to continuing on which ultimately created real tensions which led to the outbreak of ww2

Question 12

how was americas isolationism a cause of WWII?

Answer 12

americas limited involvement in the international affairs ultimately caused hitler to not see them as a threat and encouraged his actions a little more. it created an environment which allowed the german powers to rise.

Question 13

how was rise of militaristic and fascist regimes a cause of WWII?

Answer 13

the rise of hitler and mussulini both took advantage of their countries both due to an unstable government. their regimes disregarded set policies and caused agressive expansion. militarism was also glorified which is ultimately destructive aswell as creating tensions. fascist regimes also promoted express forms of nationalism in countries leading to want of nation domination.

Question 14

what happened in the feb rev?

Answer 14

pre-abducation:
-war led to further hardship
-all social classes felt abandoned
-Tsar Nicolas tied his fate to the war
-Tsarina left in charge
post-abdication :
-nicholas 2 brother offered role
-end of romanov rule
-provisional government promises land reforms, to leave war and free elections
-provisional gov began to spiral (bolshevik user that to gear up revolution)

Question 15

what happened in the oct rev?

Answer 15

-provis gov struggles with war losses, food shortages and so is breakdown
-bolsheviks preparing for takeover
-takeover began oct 24
-red guards take over gas works and railway stations
-bolsheviks won

Question 16

what were the negatives of the weimar

Answer 16

the weimar government faced lots of criticism and resentment due to the treaty of versailles, its instability aswell as economic struggles such as hyperinflation.

Question 17

what were the positives of the weimar?

Answer 17

progressive social policies
democratic system in germany

Question 18

what was art like in the weimar

Answer 18

artistic achievements in german under the weimar were incredible
-known for time of expressionism- movies, art and cabaret
-bauhaus movement that united art and technology.. moved away from traditional art styles

Question 19

what was cinema like in the weimar?

Answer 19

the cabinet of dr caligan as an expressionalist horror film which presented a premonition of the rise of the nazis

Question 20

what were the negatives of the nazi government

Answer 20

-discrimination of jewish people
-agressive militarism
-fascist regimes
-war crimes
-propaganda and manipulation
-violation of rights
-violence

Question 21

what were the “positives” of the nazi government

Answer 21

-economic growth
-prioritised education
-strong sense of “national identity” - in regards to TofV

Question 22

what was art like under the nazis

Answer 22

-art was to be realistic, heroic and understood by the average german
-exhibitions were held of degenerate art to show german people which type of art was unacceptable

Question 23

what was cinema like under the nazis?

Answer 23

propergabda films were used to promote the nazi ideal. newsreels shown in cinemas which were controlled. cinema that was not “politically correct” were banned. any non nazi influence was purged

Question 24

what were politics like under the nazis?

Answer 24

the nuremberg laws-
jews couldn’t marry gentiles
jews lost their citizenship, jews were stripped of their rights and protections being quite vunerable. being unable to marry gentiles promoted social devision. this oppressed the jews substantially
- young people expected to play a role in military service
-education system was “nazified” emphasising on physical education aswell as emphasis on german history on a nazi POV and to attack the jewish people
-experimental expression of the weimar was over, everything had to serve nazi ideology
-public nazi rallies were held

Question 25

what’s were the changes from Weimar to Nazi government?

Answer 25

went from weimar
-democratic republic
-struggling economy
-limited military
-freedom of speech
-liberal socialist
- protection of minority rights
to
-extreme censorship
-majority of aspects of the weimar were eliminated
-the economy was controlled, no instability
-agressive militarism
-persecution of minorities

Question 26

how did Stalin change the life of those in russia? pos and neg

Answer 26

pos:
-modernisation and industrialisation
-created employment opportunities
-improved infrastructure
cons:
-famine and mass death
-elimination of the kulaks
-collectivisation
-resentment
-fear within the people

Question 27

how did life under Lenin effect those in russia? pos and neg

Answer 27

pos:
-free education and health care
-made promises but none were fulfilled
-promised land reforms, workers reforms and self determination
cons:
-economy falling apart
- russia withdrew from ww1 leading to the loss of 60mil people, losing 25% of farm land and rail way networks and majority of its access to coal and iron reserves
lenin got “peace” but at the cost to russian territory, resources and population. this set the stage for the civil war
war communism took away all freedoms that were handed out, increased nationalism and confiscation of grain. this led to extreme industrial and agricultural decline, extreme poverty and widespread famine

Question 28

what is the NEP? how did it improve/worsen the lives of russians?

Answer 28

1921-1928
- introduction to some capitalist ideas into a communist society in order to boost economic growth
-priv ownership of land, private ownership of small factories, private trading on a small scale
-mix of communism and capitalism
although it did bring inequalities

Question 29

what is war communism and how did it effect the life of those in russia? pos and neg

Answer 29

pos:
-bolsheviks recovered most of russian territory
cons-
-many people died
industral production declined
food distribution was scarce

Question 30

what is the Ukraine renaissanse?

Answer 30

-great time of ukrainian creativity
-focus on ukraine identity
-artistic and literary expression
-independence and self expression
-emphasis on ukrainian history
-interest in modernism

Question 31

what is the holodomor? what happened

Answer 31

One of the most devastating events associated with Stalin was the Holodomor, a man-made famine in Ukraine from 1932 to 1933. The Holodomor resulted in the deaths of millions of Ukrainians due to forced collectivization, grain confiscation, and harsh policies implemented by the Soviet government.

Question 32

leaders opinion on TofV

Answer 32

all countries wanted different punishments reflecting on how they were treated in the war
woodrow wilson- was opposed to harsh punishment for germany. wanted to prevent another war by creating the LofN
clemenceau- harshest, he wanted revenge, punish germany, return alsace lorraine to france, no LofN and repetitions paid
lloyd george- inbetween.wanted a punishment tough enough to please those who wanted germany to pay but still strong enough to trade.