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Western Civilization > Exam Review > Flashcards

Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

Influential leader of Rome who was stabbed to death

A

Julius Caesar

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2
Q

Political group of three

A

Triumvirate

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3
Q

Caesars in some way shape or form adopted son

A

Augustus

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4
Q

“Roman Peace”

A

Pax Romana

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5
Q

Model and leader of Christianity

A

Jesus

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6
Q

Follower of Jesus

A

Apostle

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7
Q

Spread the word of the lord through messages

A

Paul

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8
Q

Made christianity legal in Rome

A

Constantine

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9
Q

Leader of a local group of churches

A

bishop

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10
Q

dispersal of Jews

A

diaspora

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11
Q

First bishop

A

Peter

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12
Q

Mix of roman and greek culture

A

Greco-Roman culture

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13
Q

City hurried by volcano

A

Pompeii

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14
Q

Roman Poet

A

Virgil

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15
Q

Arches made to make “clean” water flow to cities

A

Aqueducts

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16
Q

Bless the rains down in

A

Africa

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17
Q

Tribes that invaded Rome

A

Germanic tribes

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18
Q

citizens get to vote for their leaders

A

Republic

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19
Q

Upper class Romans

A

Patrician

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20
Q

Lower class Romans

A

Plebeians

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21
Q

protected rights of plebeians

A

Tribunes

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22
Q

commanded army and direct government

A

Consuls

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23
Q

Aristocratic branch of Romes government

A

Senate

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24
Q

Leader with absolute power

A

Dictator

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25
Q

Romans army ranks

A

Legions

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26
Q

Rome vs Carthage

A

Punic wars

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27
Q

Brilliant military strategist in Punic Wars

A

Hannibal

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28
Q

A member of a group that has no permanent home, Wandering from place to place in search of food

A

Nomad

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29
Q

Specially trained scientists who work like detectives to uncover the story of prehistoric peoples. They analyze bones and artifacts. Bones show how people might have looked like, how tall, the types of food they ate, diseases they may have had, and how long they lived.

A

Archaeologists

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30
Q

Human-made objects, such as tools or jewelry. Items might hint at how people dressed, what work they did, or how they worshipped.

A

Artifacts

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31
Q

Scientists that study culture. They examine the artifacts at archaeological digs. They recreate a picture of early people’s cultural behavior.

A

Anthropologist

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32
Q

A people’s unique way of life

A

Culture

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33
Q

Old Stone Age. The oldest stone chopping tools date back to this era.

A

Paleolithic age

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34
Q

New Stone Age. Learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops and raise animals.

A

Neolithic age

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35
Q

Who discovered homo habilis?

A

The Leakeys

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36
Q

Means “Upright Man”
Believed to be more intelligent and adaptable
Developed technology
Made more sophisticated tools
First hominids to migrate
First to use fire
May have developed the beginnings of spoken language

A

Homo Erectus

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37
Q

ways of applying knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet needs

A

Technology

38
Q

Means “Wise Men”
Name for modern humans
Developed from and resembled homo erectus, but had much larger brains

A

Homo sapiens

39
Q 
Found bone fragments in Germany
Tried to explain and control their world
Developed religious beliefs and performed rituals
Held funeral
Made tools 
Vanished
A

Neanderthals

40
Q

highly mobile people who moved from place to place foraging, for new sources of food

A

Nomads

41
Q

prehistoric hunter-gathered increased food supply by inventing tools

A

Hunter Gatherers

42
Q

agricultural revolution
beginnings of farming
new constant source of food
farming was a better alternative to hunting/gathering

A

Neolithic Revolution

43
Q

written language, advanced cities, improved technology, complex institutions, and speialized workers

A

5 Characteristics of Civilization

44
Q

arc of fertile land in southwest Asia where civilization began

A

Fertile Crescent

45
Q

two rivers where the earliest civilization began

A

Tigris and Euphrates

46
Q

first written language that developed in Mesopotamia

A

Cuneiform

47
Q

government that does not separate religion and government

A

theocracy

48
Q

earliest surviving written code of law

A

Hammurabi’s code

49
Q

Egyptian civilization began along this river

A

Nile River

50
Q

writing system developed in Egypt

A

HIEROGLYPHICS

51
Q

king of Egypt

A

Pharaoh

52
Q

taming wild animals and planting seeds for crops

A

domestication

53
Q

the big change to farming

A

Agricultural revolution

54
Q

Skilled workers

A

artisans

55
Q

People skilled in writing

A

scribes

56
Q

burial tombs for pharaohs and their bodies were mummified

A

Egyptian pyramids

57
Q

The emergence of many skilled jobs beyond just farming

A

Specilization

58
Q

The westernmost protrusion of Asia

A

Asia Minor

59
Q

the belief in or worship of many gods and goddesses

A

Polytheism

60
Q

A boundary in society that separates communities whose social economic structures, opportunities for success, conventions, styles, are so different that they have substantially different psychologies. Spreading of Culture

A

Cultural Division

61
Q

A city state in ancient Mesopotamia

A

Ur

62
Q

The people of Sumer who live in southern Mesopotamia

A

Sumerians

63
Q

He was a great conqueror but a harsh leader. He also named places after him that modeled Athens

A

Alexander the Great

64
Q

The place where democracy was invented and they once ruled trade of the Mediterranean

A

Athens

65
Q

The mountain where parthenon is

A

Acropolis

66
Q

The symbol of Athens and its accomplishments

A

Parthenon

67
Q

Athens sworn enemies whom they conquered and where conquered by.

A

Persia

68
Q

An ancient Greek city-state and rival of Athens . was known for its militaristic government and for its educational system designed to train children to be devoted citizens and brave soldiers. They defeated Athens in the Peloponnesian War. abducted children when they turned six.

A

Sparta

69
Q

War between Sparta and Greece

A

War between Sparta and Athens

70
Q

was one of the most famous Greek philosophers. He fought in a war to prove his loyalty to athens. After the war, he taught many of the youth of Athens on how to question things to an extreme extent. He was scapegoated and put on trial for corruption of Athens youth and not believing in the gods of Athens. He was put to death by Hemlock but had the chance to escape. But, because of his loyalty to Athens, he accepted his fate.

A

Socrates

71
Q

was the founder of the Platonist school of thought. His teacher was Socrates himself and was one of Socrates’ most well known students. He is well known for his Mathematics and Astronomy. and Plato died of natural causes in the year of 347 B.C.

A

Plato

72
Q

was born 384 B.C. Both of his parents were part of traditional medical families. His parents died when he was young. He was Plato’s most famous student. He helped Alexander The Great study. His two children were Nicodemus and Pythias. He died to a stomach disease in 322 B.C.

A

Aristotle

73
Q

Athens alliance

A

Delian league

74
Q

Athens patron goddess, and goddess of wisdom

A

Athena

75
Q

Spartans patron god, god of war

A

Ares

76
Q

ruled by the people, with some people more powerful than others

A

democracy / kind of Communism though

77
Q

He came from a very wealthy class; his grandfather performed a task for the king.

A

Cleisthenes

78
Q

What Greek city seemed the most likely to dominate all others politically during Cleisthenes lifetime?

A

Spartans

79
Q

Sparked hope in the war against the Persians

A

Battle of Marathon

80
Q

Suggested to win the battle by sea

A

Thermisticles

81
Q

Killed Alexander

A

Sickness

82
Q

Alexander conquered _____________ with no conflicted

A

Egypt

83
Q

where Alexander was born and where he ruled

A

Macedonia

84
Q

What did the Spartans force the Athenians to do after they defeated them?

A

They forced the Athenians to destroy their fleet and take down their wall.

85
Q

What did the Spartans use in their navy and what did this do to the Athenians

A

To blockade the Athenians from the trade routes

86
Q

What additional cargo did the grain boats that fed the city of Athens bring with them at the end of the first year of war?

A

A plague

87
Q

What was Socrates favorite subject of study? What does Socrates think people should make every decision based on?

A

Socrates favorite subject was to study people. He thought every decision was based on reason and logic, what is good and what is wrong.

88
Q

What were the favorite subjects of the Athenian theater, and what was the typical plot line of these stories?

A

-Tragedy and Comedy. The typical plot lines were when great men lost everything that they owned and them falling from great heights.

89
Q

What happened to the Athenian generals who could not pick up their men who had fallen overboard in battle? Who was the only Athenian who stood up to defend the generals?

A

-They were thrown into prison. Because of the storm, they had to head straight back to Athens. Socrates was the only one who stood up for the generals. The generals were still condemned to death by drinking Hemlock.

90
Q

What does Themistocles convince the Athenian citizens to do and what ends up happening to the city of Athens?

A

He convinced everyone to go into exile, and then all the temples of Athens were burned by the Persians. Then He lured the persians up the straight to where they could not maneuver and the Greeks won the battle

Western Civilization (3 decks)

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