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Physics: Grade 11 > Exam Review > Flashcards

Exam Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of magnets

A

Are either permanent or temporary

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2
Q

Magnets:

A

Objects that produce a magnetic field

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3
Q

Ferromagnetic material:

A

Iron, cobalt, and alloys of them

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4
Q

Magnetic field:

A
  • Distribution of magnetic force in the region of a magnet
  • stringer near magnet & poles
  • forms loops of line which do not cross
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5
Q

Soft ferromagnetic material:

A

Remains magnetic only in presence of b field

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6
Q

Hard ferromagnetic materials:

A

Remains magnetic after b field has been removed

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7
Q

Demagnetizations occurs when:

A

A magnet is physically disturbed or heated to a very high temp

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8
Q

Magnetic field is directed from:

A

N —> S outside magnets
And
S —> N inside magnets

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9
Q

What are dipoles:

A

Smaller magnets inside magnets

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10
Q

Each dipole can interact with each other if:

A
  • the dipoles line up in a single direction

- small magnetic domains are created (like little bar magnets)

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11
Q

What happens to the domains in a strong magnetic field:

A

The small magnetic domains line up forming 1 large magnet (with n & s poles)

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12
Q

Breaking a magnet in 2 results in:

A

The domains remaining aligned and 2 new magnets r formed

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13
Q

Disrupting the alignment of the domains (so dipoles are randomly distributed) results in:

A

Demagnetization

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14
Q

Permeability:

A

Ferromagnetic material have high magnetic permeability meaning the the ability to enhance magnetic field (ex: magnetic keepers + electromagnetic cores)

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15
Q

Oersted principle:

A

Charge moving through a conductor produces a circular magnetic field arlunf the conductor.

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16
Q

How does electric charge flow in Electron current flow:

A

(-) —> (+) side of battery

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17
Q

How does electric charge flow in conventional current flow:

A

(+) —> (-) side of the battery

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18
Q

A permeable core can:

A

Enhance magnetic strength (depending on the core)

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19
Q

Cooling wire Changes:

A

The magnetic field strength

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20
Q

Motor principle:

A

When a current carrying Conductor is placed or located in an external magnetic field the conductor experiences a force that is perpendicular to both itself and the external magnet

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21
Q

How does a motor work

A

When electricity is turned on the current flows through the wire. The wire experiences a force causing it to move in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field

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22
Q

Motor principle explanation:

A
  • Magnetic field produced around the current carrying conductor interacts with the external magnetic field of the magnet.
  • the 2 fields cause the wire to experience a force
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23
Q

Farradays law:

A

Moving or changing the strength of a magnetic field near a conductor causes (induced) current to glow in the conductor

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24
Q

Actions resulting in current being produced:

A
  • moving a conductor through the b field
  • moving a b field near a conductor
  • changing the strength of a b field near a stationary conductor
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25
Q

Factors affecting size of induced current:

A
  1. # of coils (⬆️ turns = ⬆️ induced current)
  2. Rate of change of motion of inducing b field (⬆️ rate = ⬆️ induced current)
  3. Strength of inducing b field (⬆️ magnetic strength = ⬆️ induced current
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26
Q

Generators consist of:

A

A turbine, generator, Strong magnets and coils of wire

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27
Q

Generators convert:

A

Kinetic energy to electrical energy

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28
Q

Generator:

A

Is reverse to an electric motor. Uses motion to produce electricity

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29
Q

An electric motor uses:

A

Electricity to produce motion

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30
Q

Once electricity is produced it:

A

Is transmitted to ur home over transmission lines and is converted to a lower voltage & then into our homes

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31
Q

Ohm’s law=

A

V = IR

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32
Q

Power: (magnetism & electricity equation)

A

P = VI = I^2R

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33
Q

Kinematics:

A

The study of motion. Deals with how objects move without reference to the forces or agents that cause motion

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34
Q

Basics of motion:

A
  • measurement / calculation (skills)
  • uniform & accelerated motion (experimental and mathematical)
  • vectors and scalars
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35
Q

Vectors:

A

Values/ measurements that both have direction and magnitude (ex: position, displacement, velocity)

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36
Q

Scalars:

A

Values and measurements That I have on the magnitude. There is no reference to direction (ex: distance & speed)

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37
Q

Vector quantities are represented as:

A

Arrows whose lengths are scaled to match the magnitude of the quantity and the direction is measured

38
Q

Position:

A

How far object is from origin (reference point) and the direction

39
Q

Uniform motion is shown:

A

By a trend line on a position time graph

40
Q

Displacement =

A

(Delta)d = d2 - d1

41
Q

Uniform acceleration is a:

A

Vector

42
Q

Uniform acceleration:

A

The speeding up or slowing down or change in direction of an object. A is measured as the change in speed in a given amount of time.

43
Q

Uniform means:

A

(Constant) acceleration that is not changing

44
Q

Dynamics:

A

Study of why things move

45
Q

Dynamics focuses on:

A

The forces that cause objects to change their state of motion m. (Sped up, slow down, and change direction)

46
Q

Forces:

A

Cause a push or pull action & cause things to change their state of motion

47
Q

Forces have:

A
  • magnitude
  • direction (moves a vector quantity)
  • (measured in Newton’s (N))
48
Q

4 fundamental forces:

A
  1. Gravity
  2. Weak nuclear
  3. Electromagnetic
  4. Strong nuclear
49
Q

Gravity is:

A

Very weak. Attractive only

50
Q

Weak nuclear is:

A

10^25 x stronger than gravity) inside the nucleus. Attractive and repulsive

51
Q

Electromagnetic:

A

(10^36 stronger than gravity) includes electric charges, magnetism, light. Attractive and repulsive

52
Q

Strong nuclear is:

A

(10^38 stronger than gravity) holds the nucleus of an atom together. Attractive or repulsive forces

53
Q

Newton’s 1st law:

A

An object at rest tends to stay at rest, an object in motion tends to stay in motion & only changed if an external force acts on it

54
Q

Inertia:

A

Measure of an objects resistance to change

55
Q

Mass is a measure of

A

Inertia

56
Q

More mass =

A

More inertia (more resistance to change in motion)

57
Q

v = 0 and a = 0 if

A

An object stays at rest (a = 0 if object moves in a constant speed)

58
Q

Newton’s 2nd law:

A

Describes a mathematical relationship between the unbalanced / net force applied to an object, the mass of the object + retina acceleration of the object

59
Q

Unbalanced forces cause

A

Acceleration of an object

60
Q

More force means

A

More acceleration

61
Q

More mass means less

A

Acceleration

62
Q

How to calculate gs:

A

Gs= a
——
Force impact
(During impact)

63
Q

If mass ⬆️, a is constant, force…:

A

Force goes up

64
Q

If mass ⬇️, a is constant, force …:

A

Force goes down

65
Q

Force = 0 and a = 0 if..

A
  1. Object stays at rest
  2. Object keeps moving at a constant speed
    (Forces are balanced)
66
Q

Mass:

A

Property of inertia. The “stuff” that makes up objects

67
Q

Weight :

A

Force of gravity acting on a mass (N)

68
Q

Volume:

A

Physical space an object occupies

69
Q

Density:

A

Ratio of an objects mass to its volume

70
Q

D=

A

D= m/v

71
Q

Newton’s 3rd law:

A

For every force there exists an equal & opposite reaction forces (force exerted in each body is equal to size but opposite in direction) (the f acts on different bodies)

72
Q

The forces exerted between 2 objects act..

A

On each body independently

73
Q

Normal force is a result of:

A

Newton’s 3rd law

74
Q

3 zero work cases:

A
  1. If no force is acting on the object
  2. If no displacement was made
  3. If force and displacement are perpendicular to eachother than no work is done (theta= 90•)
75
Q

Kinetic energy is:

A

The work needed to accelerate an object of a given mass from rest to another speed

76
Q

Ek is dependent on

A

Speed and mass of object

77
Q

Gravitational potential energy is

A

Energy stored in an object due to its height above a reference point in an area where the force if gravity can act on it to make it fall (work is done by lifting a mass from start position to a new height)

78
Q

Conservation of energy:

A

In a closed system the total amount of mechanical energy does not change (remains constant) + is only transformed from one form to another

79
Q

Perpetual:

A

Forever

80
Q

Perpetual motion:

A

Is the idea that 0 energy input can b out into a machine to work and move forever

81
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics (entropy):

A
  • perpetual motion is theoretically impossible

- in energy transfer some energy is always lost to random motion

82
Q

Energy loss:

A

Energy transferred into unusable forms. It is not really lost. Just theoretically

83
Q

Forms of energy loss:

A

Frictional heat, sound, deformation ( crumpling, bending, flexing, etc.), light (radiation), heat

84
Q

total mechanical energy equation is

A

ET = Eg + Ek

85
Q

Heat:

A

Energy of motion (or kinetic energy of matter at the atomic and molecular levels)

86
Q

E released + e absorbed =

A

E lost = - E gained

mc(delta)T = -mc(delta)T

87
Q

Transverse waves particles move:

A

Up and down

88
Q

Longitudinal waves particles move

A

Side to side

89
Q

How does wave energy move in transverse and longitudinal waves

A

Wave energy moves at very specific speeds

90
Q

What is wave speed dependent on for longitudinal and transverse waves

A

They r dependent on the type of medium the wave is travel long through. (Not on the amount of energy or amplitude)

Physics: Grade 11 (4 decks)

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