Exam Review 600 to 1450 part 1 Flashcards
Mecca
Islam holy city
5 Pillars
Declaration of faith,
Islam beginner
Muhammad
Hijrah
beginning of islamic calendar
Quran
islamic holy book
Shariah law
islamic law based on teachings of muhammad and the quran
Caliphs
islamic religious/political leaders
Abu Bakr
First caliph
people of the book
jews/christians
sunni vs shiite
sunni thinks any muslim, shiite thinks relative
Muawiyah
second caliph from the ummayad clan, established the umayyad dynasty
Battle of tours
frankish/french ppl invaded by arab ppl
Abbasid dynasty capital
Baghdad
wergild
you injure, you pay $
ordeal
trial, god won’t let innocent ppl be harmed
Clovis
german who converted to christianity and helped spread it
charlemagne
grandson of charles martel, crowned roman emperor by pope in 800, showed unity of church, germany, and rome, started mini renissance b/c he revived learning, had monks copy roman/latin works.
charles martel
defeated the muslims in the battle of tours
carolingian renaissance
when charlemagne wanted everyone to learn, had monks copy roman/latin works
maygars/vikings
magyars are hungarian, both invaded carolingian empire
fief and vassal
fief=land that was granted
vassal=ppl who were granted land
william of normandy
defeated angles/saxon king,
battle of hastings
1066, tapestry, against french and english, began norman conquest of england
Henry the second and Thomas abecket
henry appointed thomas a job b/c they were buddies, thomas wanted not to party but to take the job seriously, henry killed thomas
RC monks
spread info, copied bible
Slavs
Western: roman cath, Eastern: orthodox
Kievan Rus
first russian state
Vladimir
married byzantine emperors daughter for alliance, chose orthodox christianity b/c he didn’t want to give up drinking
Byzantine/eastern roman empire
center was Constantinople, Justinian was emperor starting in 527, he organized “the body of civilization” used as imperial law until 1453, built hippodrome (arena 4 fights/races), Haga Sophia(church of wisdom, byzantine brought the schism(split of churches b/c pope)
First Crusade
called by pope urban 2, capture of holy lands, commoners invaded jerusalem and massacred muslims, jews, and christians, kill them all and let god sort out the rest,
second crusade
seljik turks took over byzantine and took judea.
third crusade
ended in truce, led to more trade but persecution of jews.
sui grand canal
longest man made waterway, connects yellow and yang-tze rivers, peasants did work, improved economy/trade and restored authority for imperial officials
Tang
had empRESS Wu, movable type, gunpowder, spread of Buddhism, poetry, painting, calligraphy, tea, footbinding, and tension btwn religions, split into many kingdoms
An Lushan Rebellion
led to decline of tang, An Lushan tried to take china/capital of Chang’an and the tang dynasty, didn’t work, but led to decline
Li bo
tang poet claimed as a genius and romantic figure
DuFu
tang poet
song
strong economy, bureaucracy, civil service exams, growing merchant class, improved agriculture, paper money, neoconfucanism, increased education, magnetic compass, abacus(fairy mary), poetry, fell because of political corruption and weak military
Uighers
turks that controlled their own empire in central asia
literati
educated elite
