Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

biology semester 2 > exam review > Flashcards

exam review Flashcards

I WILL PASS ALL MY EXAMS

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the job of the mitochondria

A

generates ATP/produces energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the job of the nucleus

A

cells control center (regulates cells activities)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the job of the cytoplasm

A

protects cell from damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the job of the ribosomes

A

collects proteins/amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the job of the cell membrane

A

protects/organizes cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the job of the vacuole

A
  • disposal of harmful waste
  • storage of salts, minerals, and proteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the job of the lysosomes

A

breaks down fats so they can be absorbed in the intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the job of the endoplasmic reticulum

A

produces proteins allowing proper cell function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

state one organelle only found in plants

A

cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

state one organelle only found in animals

A

lysosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how do photosynthesis & cellular respiration work together?

A

photosynthesis produces glucose which is then used in cellular respiration to make ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

state the formula for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H1206 + 602

(6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light –> C6H12O6 + 6 O2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

state the formula for cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O

(O2 + glucose –> H2O + CO2 + ATP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is active transport

A

during active transport, molecules move from an area of lower concentration to a higher concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

state 3 types of active transport

A
  1. ion pumps
  2. endocytosis
  3. exocytosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

state the ion pump process

A

used to bring substances into the cell and remove others from the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

state the endocytosis process

A

traps particle/substance away from external environment
**known as cellular drinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

state the exocytosis process

A

vesicles fuse with plasma membrane releasing contents to outside of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is passive transport

A

the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy

20
Q

state 3 types of passive transport

A
  1. osmosis
  2. simple diffusion
  3. facilitated diffusion
21
Q

state the osmosis process

A

movement of water/molecules
solution with a higher concentration of water to solution with lower

22
Q

state the simple diffusion process

A

concentrated particles spread out through a semi-permeable membrane to a lower concentration

23
Q

state the facilitated diffusion process

A

moves from a higher concentration to low using a protein channel in the membrane

24
Q

osmosis vs diffusion

A

osmosis = diffusion of water across a membrane

diffusion = movement of particles from higher –> lower concentration

25
Q

similarity between osmosis & diffusion

A
  • both move down a concentration gradient
  • neither require ATP (energy)
26
Q

what are enzymes/why are they needed?

A

enzymes = proteins that speed up metabolism/chemical reactions in body

***important for digestion/liver function etc.

27
Q

what are amino acids

A

amino acids = molecules that combine to make proteins

*** the building blocks of life

28
Q

Where can DNA be found in a cell

A

the nucleus

29
Q

isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic reactions in the eggsperiment

A

hypotonic = swells egg
hypertonic = egg shrinks
isotonic = stays the same size

30
Q

6 stages of mitosis

A
  1. interphase
  2. prophase
  3. metaphase
  4. anaphase
  5. telophase
  6. cytokinesis
31
Q

describe interphase

A

cells grow/DNA is replicated
3 parts: G1, S, G2

32
Q

describe prophase

A

chromosomes become visible as tightly coiled threadlike structures

33
Q

describe metaphase

A

cells divide into two daughter cells/line up in the middle of the cell

34
Q

describe anaphase

A

chromosomes move towards opposite poles of the cell

35
Q

describe telophase

A

nuclear envelope reforms

36
Q

describe cytokinesis

A

divides parental cell into two daughter cells due to constriction at cell centre

37
Q

mitosis vs meiosis

A

mitosis = growth/repair (somatic cells)
meiosis = reproduction (reproductive cells)

38
Q

how many cells are formed during mitosis vs meiosis

A

mitosis = two daughter cells
DIPLOID CELLS

meiosis = 4 daughter cells
HAPLOID CELLS

39
Q

HAPLOID VS DIPLOID CELLS

A

haploid = 1 set of chromosomes
diploid = 2 sets of chromosomes

40
Q

co-dominance means..

A

two alles are expressed to an equal degree

41
Q

incomplete dominance means..

A

both alles of a gene are expressed partially

42
Q

genotype vs phenotype

A

genotype = a person’s presentation inherited from their parents

phenotype = the observable appearance of a genotype

43
Q

where does food enter the body

A

the mouth

44
Q

where are nutrients absorbed

A

the large intestine

45
Q

where feces is stored

A

rectum

46
Q

where feces leaves the body

A

anus

47
Q
A

biology semester 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions