Exam Review ☕️💀🪦☕️😭 Flashcards
Sigma Rizzler Ohio Gyatt
What are the 4 spheres
Geosphere, Biosphere, Hydrosphere, and Atmosphere
Explain how we have night and day on earth.
The earth rotates and if the side of the earth that is facing towards the sun, that side of earth will have sunlight
What is the definition of latitude?
Latitude measure’s the distance north or south of the equator
What is the definition of longitude?
Longitude mesures the distance east or west of the prime meridian
What is the definition of coordinate
Coordinate is a measurement of an exact location on earths surface (in degrees)
About how long is 1 degree?
1 degree is about 111KM
Where does longitude meet?
The lines of longitude meet at the North and South pole
Do the lines of latitude stay the same?
Yes they do stay the same
Do the lines of longitude stay the same?
No they don’t stay the same
What is the northern hemisphere?
The half of the earth that is north of the equator. (From the equator to the North Pole.) It contains most of Asia, North America South America and Europe.
What is the southern hemisphere
The southern hemisphere is the area south of the equator. It contains Australia, Antarctica, 1/3 of Africa and some islands in Asia.
What is the eastern hemisphere?
The area east of the prime meridian and west of the international date line. It contains Asia, some parts of Europe and Africa.
Explain how we have seasons on earth.
The earth’s spin axis is tilted with respect to its orbital plane. This is what causes the seasons. When the earth’s axis points towards the sun, it is summer for that hemisphere. When the earth’s axis points away, winter can be expected.
Axis definition:
An imaginary line which a body (earth) rotates on.
Coordinate definition:
A mesurent of an exact location on earths surface (in degrees)
What is the max degrees of latitude?
The max degrees of latitude is 90 degrees
What is the equator
An imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0°.
What is the prime meridian
The earth’s zero of longitude, which by convention passes through Greenwich, England.
Why were time zones created?
Time zones are to align midday with the most sunlight around the world. So that people can have a standard time to be used for commercial and social conventions.
What is the Thermosphere?
Located between about 80 and 700 kilometers above Earth’s surface. Also known as upper atmosphere. The gases in this sphere are extremely thin. But they still become denser as you descend towards earth. The high energy of ultraviolet and x-ray radiation from the sun are absorbed by molecules in this layer and causing a significant temperature increase. The sphere is cloud-free and water vapor free.
How many degrees longitude in total are there in the world?
360º
How many degrees (º) does a time zone represent?
About 15 degrees
How many time zones are there in the world?
There is 24 time zones in the world
How much time does each timezone represent?
1 hour
When you move west, do you add hours or take away hours?
You take away hours, but gain more time (closer to AM)
When you move east, do you add hours or take away hours?
You add hours, but lose more time (closer to PM)
If its 2AM in England (GMT 0), what time is it in Toronto (GMT -5)
It would be 9 pm in Toronto
What are the 5 oceans?
Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean and the Southern Ocean
What is Relative Poverty?
individuals who have income below 60% of median incomes
What is Absolute Poverty?
a person or household does not have the minimum amount of income needed to meet the minimum living requirements needed over an extended period of time
What is the poverty line?
People living below a poverty line don’t have enough to meet their basic needs. The poverty line in canada is an income below $11,000,
What is the working Poor?
People who work for a set amount of money but still do not have enough to provide for themselves or their family.
What is Family Planning?
the ability of individuals and couples to anticipate and attain their desired number of children and the spacing and timing of their births.
What is the Replacement Rate?
the percentage of an individual’s annual employment income that is replaced by retirement income when they retire
What is Population Momentum?
population growth at the national level that would occur even if levels of childbearing immediately declined to replacement level
What is Migration
the physical movement of people from one place to another
What is Immigration
the process of moving to a new country or region with the intention of staying and living there. (Based on push/pull factors)
What is Urbanization?
the process through which cities grow, and higher and higher percentages of the population come to live in the city.
What is Discrimination?
the unjust treatment of different people, especially on the grounds of ethnicity, age, sex, or disability.
What is a Stereotype
an often unfair and untrue belief that many people have about all people or things.
What is Prejudice
preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience
What is Bias
prejudice in favour of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.
What is the difference between climate and weather?
Climate is when you look at the overall picture of the weather and the average over a long period of time, and weather is the current temperature at that current time.
Explain how we have seasons on earth
The earth is tilted on an axis. This means that one hemisphere of the earth gets more sunlight and direct sun rays during one time of the year. This is because when the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, the sun rays travel a shorter distance, causing the northern hemisphere to have summer.
What is a isthmus
a narrow strip of land that connects two larger landmasses and separates two bodies of water
What is a peninsula
A peninsula is a piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of water.
What is an Atoll?
An atoll is a ring-shaped coral reef or island with water around it.
