Exam Questions Biology Flashcards
Name two pieces of laboratory equipment the student could have used to prepare
cells to view using a microscope.
[2 mark]
Microscope Slide
Tweezers
Swab
Cover slip
The student tried to look at the cells using the microscope.
Suggest one reason why the student could not see any cells when looking through a microscope
[1 mark]
Either:
Slide is not in the correct position
No cells in field of view
Objective lens is dirty
What is the first medicinal drug?
[1 mark]
Penicillin
Compare the structure of a red blood cell to a plant cell.
[6 marks]
Differences:
Red blood cells has no nucleus / Plant cells has a nucleus
Red blood cells has no cell wall / Plant cells have a cell wall
Red blood cells contain haemoglobin / Plant cells dont contain haemoglobin.
Red blood cells do not contain chlorophyll / Plant cells contain chlorophyll
Red blood cells do not have a permanent vacuole / Plant cells have a permanent vacuole.
Similarities
Compare the structure of a red blood cell to a plant cell.
[6 marks]
Differences:
Red blood cells has no nucleus / Plant cells has a nucleus
Red blood cells has no cell wall / Plant cells have a cell wall
Red blood cells contain haemoglobin / Plant cells dont contain haemoglobin.
Red blood cells do not contain chlorophyll / Plant cells contain chlorophyll
Red blood cells do not have a permanent vacuole / Plant cells have a permanent vacuole.
Similarities
Compare the structure of a red blood cell to a plant cell.
[6 marks]
Differences:
Red blood cells has no nucleus / Plant cells has a nucleus
Red blood cells has no cell wall / Plant cells have a cell wall
Red blood cells contain haemoglobin / Plant cells dont contain haemoglobin.
Red blood cells do not contain chlorophyll / Plant cells contain chlorophyll
Red blood cells do not have a permanent vacuole / Plant cells have a permanent vacuole.
Similarities
Compare the structure of a red blood cell to a plant cell.
[6 marks]
Differences:
Red blood cells has no nucleus / Plant cells has a nucleus
Red blood cells has no cell wall / Plant cells have a cell wall
Red blood cells contain haemoglobin / Plant cells dont contain haemoglobin.
Red blood cells do not contain chlorophyll / Plant cells contain chlorophyll
Red blood cells do not have a permanent vacuole / Plant cells have a permanent vacuole.
Similarities
Compare the structure of a red blood cell to a plant cell.
[6 marks]
Differences:
Red blood cells has no nucleus / Plant cells has a nucleus
Red blood cells has no cell wall / Plant cells have a cell wall
Red blood cells contain haemoglobin / Plant cells dont contain haemoglobin.
Red blood cells do not contain chlorophyll / Plant cells contain chlorophyll
Red blood cells do not have a permanent vacuole / Plant cells have a permanent vacuole.
Similarities:
Both have:
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Pigments
When placed into a beaker of water:
* a red blood cell bursts
* a plant cell does not burst.
Explain why the red blood cell bursts but the plant cell does not burst
[2 marks]
This is because:
Water enters the cell wall through osmosis
Plant cells have a cell wall to prevent bursting
What is “obesity” on a BMI scale?
[1 mark]
30 - 39.9
40+ is clinically obese
The number of people who are obese in the UK is increasing.
Explain the financial impact on the UK economy of an increasing number of people who are obese.
[2 marks]
costs NHS / UK health more money
More time off work
Decrease productivity in workplace
A person who is obese is more at risk of arthritis.
Arthritis is a condition that damages joints.
Suggest how arthritis could affect a person’s lifestyle.
[1 mark]
loss of job / income
movement issues
disability
A person who eats a diet high in saturated fat might become obese.
Name two health conditions that might develop if a person eats a diet high in saturated fat.
[2 marks]
CHD
Stroke
Heart attack
What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
[1 mark]
6O2 + C6H12O6 ——–> 6H2O + 6CO2
Name the sub-cellular structures where aerobic respiration takes place.
[1 mark]
mitochondria
Energy is released in respiration.
Give two uses of the energy released in respiration.
[2 marks]
Movement / muscle contraction
Keeping warm
Active transport
Describe two differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in humans.
Do not refer to oxygen in your answer.
[2 marks]
anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid / aerobic does not
aerobic produces carbon dioxide / anaerobic does not
aerobic produces water / anaerobic does not
What are the two products of anaerobic respiration in plant cells?
[2 marks]
Carbon dioxide + ethanol
Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch.
Amylase is a polymer of smaller molecules.
Name the type of smaller molecule.
[1 mark]
Amino acids
Name the three parts of the human digestive system that produce amylase?
[2 marks]
Salivary gland
Pancreas
Small intestine
Explain how amylase breaks down starch.
Answer in terms of the ‘lock and key theory’.
[3 marks]
Starch / substate binds to active site (of enzyme)
Shape of active site and substrate fit together
a chemical reaction occurs to produce smaller molecules
Which cell structure in a leaf mesophyll cell is not found in a root hair cell?
[1 mark]
Chloroplasts
Plants lose water through their leaves.
Name the cells in a leaf that control the rate of water loss.
Guard cells Q6.4 Biology paper 1 2021
Water is taken in by the roots, transported up the plant and lost from the leaves.
Which scientific term describes this movement of water?
Transpiration cells
