Exam Questions Flashcards
cartilage of the 2nd pharyngeal arch
reicherts
structures from which the tongue muscles arise
occipital somites
Summarize the 6 main functions of inner dental epithelium through its life cycle
- MORPHOGENESIS - establish crown pattern
- HISTODIFFERENTIATION - differentiates into ameloblasts
- Active secretion of enamel matrix, wherein they develop TOME’S PROCESSES
- Short translational phase leading to MATURATION PHASE
- exhibit MODULATION - ruffle ended cells allow incorporation of inorganic material, smooth ended cells allow exit of proteins and water
- PROTECTIVE PHASE - newly formed enamel is protected until it erupts
period comprising weeks 1-8 of prenatal development
embryo
origin of spinal ganglia
neural crest cells
palate that appears before head lifts away from thorax
primary
carotid artery supplying face before week 7
internal
Summarize mineralization (3)
- Cells secrete enamel proteins that immediately participate in mineralization to generate enamel that is 30% MINERALIZED
- Once enamel thickness is formed and structured, it acquires a lot more mineral coincident with bulk removal of enamel proteins and water to form a unique layer that is 95% MINERAL
- Step #2 is under complex CELLULAR CONTROL and associated morphological changes include MODULATION
located at the tail end
caudal
“cauda equina”
type of mesoderm from which trunk muscles develop
paraxial mesoderm
Also: muscles of entire body bones of most of body (not head) dermis pharyngeal arches CT
Reciprocal induction
At the beginning of hard tissue formation (APPOSITION - deposition of hard tissue)
for dentinogenesis and amelogenesis to take place normally, differentiating odontoblasts and ameloblats will recieve signals from eachother
membrane separating mouth and pharynx
buccopharyngeal membrane
period comprising weeks 9-40 of prenatal development
fetus
nerve supplying muscles of tongue
hypoglossal
Where are Tome’s processes located
At the apical end of ameloblasts
portion of adrenal gland derived from lateral plate mesoderm
cortex
muscles performing this task are derived from the first pharyngeal arch
mastication
signaling structure formed in week 2 of development
notochord
pituitary lobe derived from the floor of the developing brain (neuroectoderm)
posterior
nerve supplying the PA from which the muscles of facial expression are derived
facial
Segments of hindbrain
rhombomeres
“rhombus”
pituitary lobe derived from oral ectoderm
anterior
solid ball of cells
morula
type of mesoderm from which urogenital system develops
intermediate
*The only thing intermediate mesoderm turns into
intermediate structure which deveops into the mucosa of the posterior ⅓ tongue
hypopharyngeal eminence
neural crest cells adj to rhombomere 8 migrate to this pharyngeal arch
four
a place where two bones are fused/connected by an immovable joint
symphysis
pair of parathyroid glands derived from the third pharyngeal pouch
inferior parathyroid
also thymus
process by which all 3 germ layers are formed
gastrulation
secondary cartilage of mandible that remains present until late teens, and is important for mandibular growth
condylar
ear bone fromed from meckel’s cartilage
incus
malleus
muscles developing from the first pharyngeal arch
mastication
(temporal, masseter, medial/lateral pterygoids)
Also: mylohyoid anterior digastric tensor tympani tensor veli palatini
intermediate structures which develop into most of the mucosa of the anterior ⅔ tongue
lingual swellings
portion of upper lip formed by the fusion of the maxillary process and medial nasal process
lateral
transient, short lived structure derived from second pharyngeal arch
copula
cartilage of 1st pharyngeal arch
meckel’s
future mouth
stomatodeum
“stoma”
Rod sheath
Organic sheath between rod and interrod enamel - accumulation of organic matrix
layer in bilaminar disk that sits under epiblast
hypoblast
palate that completes its formation after the head lifts away from the thorax
secondary
contains embryoblast, trophoblast, and primary yolk sac
blastocyst
type of mesoderm from which the heart develops
lateral plate mesoderm
heart, blood, lymph, spleen, adrenal cortex, CT, serous membranes, pharyngeal arches
foramen from which thyroid begins its descent into the neck
cecum
nerve supplying small, dorsal part of the mucosa of the posterior ⅓ tongue
vagus
In the morphogenetic part of the presecretory phase of amelogenesis, what 4 things are of note?
- cells change from cuboidal to low columnar
- nucleaus moves centrally
- poorly defined golgi
- CELLS CAN STILL DIVIDE
secondary cartilage aiding growth of maxilla
zygomatic
process which fuse to form the middle portion of the upper lip
medial nasal processes
process by which the mandible and maxilla develop
intramembranous ossification
nerve supplying most of the mucosa of the posterior ⅓ of tongue
glossopharyngeal
skin derived from this germ cell layer
ectoderm
Also:
hair, nails, mammary glands, anterior pituitary, lens of eye, inner ear, ENAMEL
source of all 3 germ layers
epiblast
secondary cartilage of mandible that appears at anterior ends of mecke’s cartilage and disappears in first year of life
symphysial
carotid artery supplying face after week 7
external
mesoderm units adjacent to future spinal cord
somites
mite = might = lift with your BACK
mesoderm units in head and neck region
somatomeres
“somatosensory”
“soma” = brain of a cell
located at the head end
rostral
does meckels cartilage turn into the mandible
no
1 of 2 processes developing from the first pharyngeal arch
maxillary and mandibular processes
secondary cartilage of mandible that doesn’t do much and disappears before birth
coronoid
