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Embryology/Histology Exam 1 > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

PA 1 - neural crest cells

A

midbrain rhombomeres 1 and 2

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2
Q

PA 2 - neural crest cells

A

rhombomere 4

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3
Q

PA 3 - neural crest cells

A

rhombomere 6

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4
Q

PA 4 - neural crest cells

A

rhombomere 8

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5
Q

PA 1 - nerve

A

V trigeminal Branches: - Ophthalmic - Mx - Md

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6
Q

PA 1 - muscles

A

Mastication - temporal, masseter, medial/lateral pterygoids Mylohyoid Anterior digastric Tensor tympani Tensor veli palatini

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7
Q

PA 1 - skeleton

A

Meckel’s cartilage Malleus Incus

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8
Q

PA 2 - nerve

A

VII facial - chorda tympani - taste

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9
Q

PA 2 - muscles

A

Facial Expression - buccinator, auricularis, frontalis, platysma, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis ori Posterior digastric Stylohyoid Stapedius

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10
Q

PA 2 - skeleton

A

Reichert’s cartilage - stapes - styloid - lesser hyoid

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11
Q

PA 3 - Nerve

A

IX glossopharyngeal - sensation: pharynx, mid ear, root of tongue - Taste root of tongue

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12
Q

PA 3 - muscles

A

stylopharyngeus

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13
Q

PA 3 - skeleton

A

greater hyoid

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14
Q

PA 4-6 - nerve

A

X vagus - parasympathetic innervation

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15
Q

PA 4-6 - muscles

A

Cricothyroid Levator veli palatini Contrictors of pharynx Larynx muscles

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16
Q

PA 4-6 - skeleton

A

laryngeal cartilages

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17
Q

pharyngeal pouches are where?

A

between arches, interior

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18
Q

pharyngeal grooves/clefts are where?

A

between arches, exterior

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19
Q

Fate of 1st pouch

A

external auditory meatus/tympanic cavity eustachian tube

20
Q

Fate of 2nd pouch

A

obliterated by tonsil

21
Q

fate of 3rd pouch

A

inferior parathyroid thymus

22
Q

fate of 4-5 pouches

A

superior parathyroid ultimobranchial body (C cells thyroid)

23
Q

Fate of 1st groove/cleft

A

external auditory meatus/tympanic cavity eustachian tube

24
Q

Fate of clefts/grooves 2-6

25
Q

What do the neural crest cells differentiate into (general)?

A

Nerves Bones and CT of head Cells Endocrine Eyes Heart

26
Q

What nerve tissue is derived from neural crest cells?

A

ganglia of CNS Craniospinal sensory and parasympathetic ganglia GI nerves Glial cells - Schwann cells Carotid body

27
Q

What bones and CT of the head are derived from neural crest cells?

A

meninges skull mx md larynx hyoid auditory ossicles Teeth - dentin, cementum, pulp, PDL PHARYNGEAL ARCHES

28
Q

Which specific cell types are derived from neural crest cells?

A

melanocytes C (calcitonin) cells of thyroid adipocytes

29
Q

Which parts of the endocrine system are derived from neural crest cells?

A

C (calcitonin) cells of thyroid Adrenal medulla

30
Q

Which parts of the eye are derived from neural crest cells?

A

pigmented retina cells smooth muscle cornea

31
Q

Which parts of the heart are derived from neural crest cells?

A

carotid body Middle portion cardiac outflow tract

32
Q

Which germ cell layers form the pharyngeal arches?

A

Lateral plate mesoderm paraxial mesoderm neural crest cells

33
Q

Fates of neuroectoderm

A

posterior pituitary pineal body retina CNS

34
Q

Fates of intermediate plate mesoderm

A

urogenital system

35
Q

Fates of lateral plate mesoderm

A

Heart Hematopoetic system lymphoid system Connective tissue spleen adrenal cortex pharyngeal arches Serous membranes (pleura, pericardium, peritoneum)

36
Q

Fates of paraxial mesoderm

A

muscles of entire body Bones of most of body (except head) dermis pharyngeal arches connective tissue

37
Q

Fates of ectoderm

A

Epidermis hair nails mammary glands anterior pituitary lens of eye inner ear tooth enamel

38
Q

Fates of endoderm

A

GI lining lungs liver pancreas gallbladder bladder thyroid follicular cells tympanic cavity tonsils parathyroid

39
Q

What happens during the embryonic period phase 1? timeline?

A

weeks 0-3 - cellular proliferation and migration Wk 1: morula to blastocyst Wk 2: formation of bilaminar disk Day 14-16: Gastrulation - form trilaminar disk

40
Q

What happens during embryonic period phase 2? timeline?

A

Weeks 4-8 - differentiation Formation of neural tube Differentiation of mesoderm Folding PA formation Development of head, face, OC

41
Q

What happens during embryonic phase 3? timeline?

A

Growth and maturation Weeks 8-40 (delivery)

42
Q

role of PA 1 in tongue development

A

lingual swellings - mucosa of body N: V trigeminal

43
Q

Role of PA 2 in tongue development

A

copula - overgrown

44
Q

Role of PA3 in tongue development

A

Large ventral part of hypopharyngeal eminence - mucosa of most of root N: IX glossopharyngeal

45
Q

Role of PA4 in tongue development

A

Small dorsal part of hypopharyngeal eminence - mucosa of tiny part of root N: X vagus

46
Q

Role of somites in tongue development

A

myoblasts - muscles of tongue N: XII hypoglossal

Embryology/Histology Exam 1 (2 decks)

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