Exam Questions Flashcards
Regarding the assessment for stroke what does FAST stand for?
Face, Arms, Speech, Time
The following is a description of which type of headache:
Recurrent headache attack lasting 4-72hrs, unilateral, moderate intensity and associated with nausea?
Classic migraine
Progressive weakness of intrinsic hand muscles, hyperextension of the fourth and fifth metacarpophalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints is a common presentation of which mononeuropathy?
Ulnar nerve
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
TTS is a mononeuropathy of the tibial nerve and can cause burning pain and numbness on the sole of the affected foot
Which serves primarily as the motor nerve for the SCM and trapezius muscles?
Spinal accessory nerve
Describe Bell’s palsy and include the name of the associated cranial nerve
The drooping or lack of ability to contract the facial muscles. It affects the cranial nerve 7 (facial nerve)
Describe a common, defining symptom associated with central cord syndrome
Greater weakness in the arms than in the legs.
This is a hallmark feature and typically results from damage to the central part of the spinal cord, which affects the nerve fibers that control the arms more than those for the legs.
Name the three symptoms that make up the “Classic Triad of Meningitis”
Fever
Neck stiffness
Altered mental state
Regarding the classification of MS, in basic terms define what is meant by “clinically isolated syndrome”
First episode of neurological symptoms caused by inflammation or damage in the CNS that lasts at least 24 hours.
It’s often an early sign of MS, but not everyone with CIS goes on to develop MS.
Give two causes of lateral foraminal stenosis
SOL (tumour)
Herniated disc
Name cranial nerve 7 and describe how you would test it in practice?
Facial nerve
Ask patient to move all areas of their face (raise eyebrows, frown, puff cheeks & smile)
Give two possible independent causes of brachial plexopathy
Trauma
TOS
The eighth cranial nerve is made up of two separate nerves. Name the two nerves.
Vestibular nerve & cochlear nerve
Describe the features of a concussive head injury. Within your answer describe a possible mechanism of injury and 3 possible presenting signs or symptoms
A concussive head injury is caused by a sudden impact or jolt to the head or body that makes the brain move rapidly within the skull. This movement can temporarily disrupt normal brain function.
Blow to the head during contact sports (e.g., a football tackle), a fall, or a motor vehicle accident
Confusion or disorientation
Headache
Loss of consciousness
Name an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and describe one defining clinical feature of the neuropathy
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Progressive, symmetrical ascending muscle weakness, typically starting in the legs and moving upwards.
Give two signs of an upper motor neurone lesion
Disuse atrophy
Hyperreflexia
