Exam One Meds Flashcards

1
Q

what is the class of nitroglycerin

A

nitrate

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2
Q

what is the mode of action of nitroglycerin

A

for acute anginal block
-reduces preload/reduces O2 demand
vasodilates

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3
Q

how is nitroglycerin administerd

A

sublingual with a max of 3 doses (5min apart)

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4
Q

what are side effects of nitroglycerin

A

HA, orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

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5
Q

what is important teach of nitroglycerin

A

admin as soon as pain begins
use caution in hypotension, bradycardia
contraindicated with sildenafil (viagra)
must dissolve under tongue

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6
Q

what is the class of nicardipine

A

calcium channel blocker

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7
Q

what is the mode of action of nicardipine

A

selective blockade of Ca channels

minimal direct effects on the heart

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8
Q

what is nicardipine used for

A

management of chronic stable angina, manage hypertension, NOT used for MI

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9
Q

what can nicardipine be administered with to promote therapeutic effect and suppress reflex tachycardia

A

beta blockers

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10
Q

what are side effects of nicardipine

A

flushing, HA, asthenia (weakness), dizziness, palpitations, peripheral edema, hypotension

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11
Q

what are contraindications of nicardipine

A

grapefruit juice, avoid OTC meds for colds, asthma

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12
Q

what class is dobutamine

A

catecholamine

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13
Q

what is the mode of action for dobutamine

A

increase myocardial contractility to increase cardiac performance

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14
Q

what is the ONLY indication for dobutamine

A

heart failure (pump is not working)

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15
Q

how should dobutamine be administered

A

DILUTED and cont infusion

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16
Q

what are dobutamine side effects

A

tachycardia and myocardial ischemia

17
Q

what is important teaching about dobutamine

A

assess cardiac, renal, hemodynamic status and monitor BP and ECG closely

18
Q

what class is morphine sulfate

A

opiod analgesic

19
Q

what is the mode of action for morphine sulfate;

A

pain relief, drowsy, mental clouding, reduce anxiety, sense of well being

20
Q

what is important teaching of morphine sulfate

A
dont admin if RR are low
use caution with head injury pt
don't use with other CNS depressants
*monitor opiod OD
coma, resp depression, pinpoint pupils
21
Q

what does morphine sulfate do for a STEMI

A

(IV) aids ventilation which reduces cardiac preload, modest atrial dilation leading to slight decrease in after load which leads to decrease cardiac O2 demand

22
Q

what class is norepinephrine

A

catecholamine

23
Q

what is norepinephrine used for

A

hypotensive states

cardiac arrest

24
Q

what is the mode of action for norepinephrine

A

activates alpha1, alpha2, beta1

25
how is norepinephrine infused
IV infusion only
26
what are side effects of norepinephrine
tachydysrythmias, angina, HTN, local necrosis upon extravasation
27
what is the class of amiodarone
antidysrhythmic | *only used for life threatening ventricular dysrhythmias because of toxicity risk
28
what is the mode of action for IV amiodarone
initial tx and prophylaxis of recurrent Vfib and unstable Vtach *slows av conduction
29
what is the mode of action for PO amiodarone
tx of a fib and therapy for recurrent vfib and recurrent vtach
30
what is baseline therapy for amiodarone
``` EKG eye exam CXR potass and Mg levels thyroid, pulmonary, and liver functions ```
31
what should the pt who is taking amiodorone not take
grape fruit juice | *also if pt has a 2nd or 3rd degree heart block they should not take amniodarone
32
what class is lorazepam
benzo/ CNS depressant
33
what is the MOA of lorazepam
reduce anxiety promote sleep induce musc relaxation suppression of anticipatory emesis
34
what are side effects of lorazepam
``` confusion anterograde amnesia hypotension and cardiac arrest resp depression tolerance/dependence ```