Exam One Meds

Question 1

what is the class of nitroglycerin

Answer 1

nitrate

Question 2

what is the mode of action of nitroglycerin

Answer 2

for acute anginal block
-reduces preload/reduces O2 demand
vasodilates

Question 3

how is nitroglycerin administerd

Answer 3

sublingual with a max of 3 doses (5min apart)

Question 4

what are side effects of nitroglycerin

Answer 4

HA, orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

Question 5

what is important teach of nitroglycerin

Answer 5

admin as soon as pain begins
use caution in hypotension, bradycardia
contraindicated with sildenafil (viagra)
must dissolve under tongue

Question 6

what is the class of nicardipine

Answer 6

calcium channel blocker

Question 7

what is the mode of action of nicardipine

Answer 7

selective blockade of Ca channels

minimal direct effects on the heart

Question 8

what is nicardipine used for

Answer 8

management of chronic stable angina, manage hypertension, NOT used for MI

Question 9

what can nicardipine be administered with to promote therapeutic effect and suppress reflex tachycardia

Answer 9

beta blockers

Question 10

what are side effects of nicardipine

Answer 10

flushing, HA, asthenia (weakness), dizziness, palpitations, peripheral edema, hypotension

Question 11

what are contraindications of nicardipine

Answer 11

grapefruit juice, avoid OTC meds for colds, asthma

Question 12

what class is dobutamine

Answer 12

catecholamine

Question 13

what is the mode of action for dobutamine

Answer 13

increase myocardial contractility to increase cardiac performance

Question 14

what is the ONLY indication for dobutamine

Answer 14

heart failure (pump is not working)

Question 15

how should dobutamine be administered

Answer 15

DILUTED and cont infusion

Question 16

what are dobutamine side effects

Answer 16

tachycardia and myocardial ischemia

Question 17

what is important teaching about dobutamine

Answer 17

assess cardiac, renal, hemodynamic status and monitor BP and ECG closely

Question 18

what class is morphine sulfate

Answer 18

opiod analgesic

Question 19

what is the mode of action for morphine sulfate;

Answer 19

pain relief, drowsy, mental clouding, reduce anxiety, sense of well being

Question 20

what is important teaching of morphine sulfate

Answer 20

dont admin if RR are low
use caution with head injury pt
don't use with other CNS depressants
*monitor opiod OD
coma, resp depression, pinpoint pupils

Question 21

what does morphine sulfate do for a STEMI

Answer 21

(IV) aids ventilation which reduces cardiac preload, modest atrial dilation leading to slight decrease in after load which leads to decrease cardiac O2 demand

Question 22

what class is norepinephrine

Answer 22

catecholamine

Question 23

what is norepinephrine used for

Answer 23

hypotensive states

cardiac arrest

Question 24

what is the mode of action for norepinephrine

Answer 24

activates alpha1, alpha2, beta1

Question 25

how is norepinephrine infused

Answer 25

IV infusion only

Question 26

what are side effects of norepinephrine

Answer 26

tachydysrythmias, angina, HTN, local necrosis upon extravasation

Question 27

what is the class of amiodarone

Answer 27

antidysrhythmic | *only used for life threatening ventricular dysrhythmias because of toxicity risk

Question 28

what is the mode of action for IV amiodarone

Answer 28

initial tx and prophylaxis of recurrent Vfib and unstable Vtach *slows av conduction

Question 29

what is the mode of action for PO amiodarone

Answer 29

tx of a fib and therapy for recurrent vfib and recurrent vtach

Question 30

what is baseline therapy for amiodarone

Answer 30

``` EKG eye exam CXR potass and Mg levels thyroid, pulmonary, and liver functions ```

Question 31

what should the pt who is taking amiodorone not take

Answer 31

grape fruit juice | *also if pt has a 2nd or 3rd degree heart block they should not take amniodarone

Question 32

what class is lorazepam

Answer 32

benzo/ CNS depressant

Question 33

what is the MOA of lorazepam

Answer 33

reduce anxiety promote sleep induce musc relaxation suppression of anticipatory emesis

Question 34

what are side effects of lorazepam

Answer 34

``` confusion anterograde amnesia hypotension and cardiac arrest resp depression tolerance/dependence ```