Exam One Meds Flashcards
what is the class of nitroglycerin
nitrate
what is the mode of action of nitroglycerin
for acute anginal block
-reduces preload/reduces O2 demand
vasodilates
how is nitroglycerin administerd
sublingual with a max of 3 doses (5min apart)
what are side effects of nitroglycerin
HA, orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia
what is important teach of nitroglycerin
admin as soon as pain begins
use caution in hypotension, bradycardia
contraindicated with sildenafil (viagra)
must dissolve under tongue
what is the class of nicardipine
calcium channel blocker
what is the mode of action of nicardipine
selective blockade of Ca channels
minimal direct effects on the heart
what is nicardipine used for
management of chronic stable angina, manage hypertension, NOT used for MI
what can nicardipine be administered with to promote therapeutic effect and suppress reflex tachycardia
beta blockers
what are side effects of nicardipine
flushing, HA, asthenia (weakness), dizziness, palpitations, peripheral edema, hypotension
what are contraindications of nicardipine
grapefruit juice, avoid OTC meds for colds, asthma
what class is dobutamine
catecholamine
what is the mode of action for dobutamine
increase myocardial contractility to increase cardiac performance
what is the ONLY indication for dobutamine
heart failure (pump is not working)
how should dobutamine be administered
DILUTED and cont infusion
what are dobutamine side effects
tachycardia and myocardial ischemia
what is important teaching about dobutamine
assess cardiac, renal, hemodynamic status and monitor BP and ECG closely
what class is morphine sulfate
opiod analgesic
what is the mode of action for morphine sulfate;
pain relief, drowsy, mental clouding, reduce anxiety, sense of well being
what is important teaching of morphine sulfate
dont admin if RR are low use caution with head injury pt don't use with other CNS depressants *monitor opiod OD coma, resp depression, pinpoint pupils
what does morphine sulfate do for a STEMI
(IV) aids ventilation which reduces cardiac preload, modest atrial dilation leading to slight decrease in after load which leads to decrease cardiac O2 demand
what class is norepinephrine
catecholamine
what is norepinephrine used for
hypotensive states
cardiac arrest
what is the mode of action for norepinephrine
activates alpha1, alpha2, beta1
how is norepinephrine infused
IV infusion only
what are side effects of norepinephrine
tachydysrythmias, angina, HTN, local necrosis upon extravasation
what is the class of amiodarone
antidysrhythmic
*only used for life threatening ventricular dysrhythmias because of toxicity risk
what is the mode of action for IV amiodarone
initial tx and prophylaxis of recurrent Vfib and unstable Vtach
*slows av conduction
what is the mode of action for PO amiodarone
tx of a fib and therapy for recurrent vfib and recurrent vtach
what is baseline therapy for amiodarone
EKG eye exam CXR potass and Mg levels thyroid, pulmonary, and liver functions
what should the pt who is taking amiodorone not take
grape fruit juice
*also if pt has a 2nd or 3rd degree heart block they should not take amniodarone
what class is lorazepam
benzo/ CNS depressant
what is the MOA of lorazepam
reduce anxiety
promote sleep
induce musc relaxation
suppression of anticipatory emesis
what are side effects of lorazepam
confusion anterograde amnesia hypotension and cardiac arrest resp depression tolerance/dependence
