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Human Body in Health and Disease > Exam One > Flashcards

Exam One Flashcards

1
Q

Is the nervous system fast or slow acting?

A

Fast acting

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2
Q

Is the endocrine system fast or slow acting?

A

Slow acting

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3
Q

What is the ability to sense changes and react to them?

A

Responsiveness

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4
Q

What is the process of removing wastes from the body?

A

Excretion

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5
Q

Orientation/Directional terms to know (4)

A

LOOK UP LATER

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6
Q

How is the sagittal section cut?

A

Lengthwise/longitudinal

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7
Q

How is the frontal section cut?

A

Divides anterior and posterior

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8
Q

How is the transverse section cut?

A

Horizontally

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9
Q

Dorsal body cavity includes…

A

Cranial and spinal cavity

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10
Q

Ventral body cavity includes…

A

Thoracic, abdominopelvic, abdominal, pelvic

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11
Q

What is the deepest skin layer?

A

Reticular Layer

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12
Q

What are also known as bedsores?

A

Decubitus Ulcers

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13
Q

What three pigments contribute to skin color?

A

Melanin - yellow, reddish-brown
Carotene - orange-yellow
Hemoglobin - rosy glow

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14
Q

Alterations of skin color…

A

Erythema - Redness
Pallor - pale
Jaundice - yellow
Bruises - black and blue

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15
Q

What is the over activity of the sebaceous glands?

A

Seborrhea

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16
Q

Examples of sweat glands

A

Eccrine and Apocrine

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17
Q

What lines the external of the lungs?

A

Visceral

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18
Q

What is also known as athlete’s foot?

A

Tinea Pedis

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19
Q

What is caused by HIV?

A

Cold sores (fever blisters)

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20
Q

What is damaged in a first degree burn?

A

Superficial epidermis

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21
Q

What is damaged in a second degree burn?

A

Epidermis and superficial dermis

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22
Q

What is damaged in a third degree burn?

A

Both epidermis and dermis and often extend to subcutaneous tissue

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23
Q

What is damaged in a fourth degree burn?

A

Reaches the bone, muscle, or tendons

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24
Q

What does the ABCDE rule recognize?

A

Melanoma

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25
Q

What are 5 points of the ABCDE rule?

A 
Asymmetry
Border Irregularity
Color
Diameter
Evolution
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26
Q

What does the hypodermis consist of?

A

Adipose tissue

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27
Q

What makes the epidermis a tough protective layer? What process is used?

A

Keratin

Keratinization

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28
Q

The ABCD rule classifies…

A

Melanoma

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29
Q

What is the “tanning” effect that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun?

A

Melanin

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30
Q

What does the parietal pericardium cover?

A

The roots of the heart

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31
Q

What tissue conducts electrochemical impulses?

A

Nervous tissue

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32
Q

Where is the axillary found?

A

The armpit

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33
Q

Where is the orbital found?

A

The eye area

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34
Q

Where is the inguinal found?

A

Area where thigh meets body trunk

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35
Q

Where is the umbilical found?

A

The navel

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36
Q

Where is the femoral found?

A

Thigh

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37
Q

The ovary is part of what two systems?

A

The reproductive and endocrine system

38
Q

What type of transport is likely responsible for the process of a cell ingesting bacteria?

A

Endocytosis

39
Q

The spleen and the tonsils are part of what system?

A

The lymphatic system

40
Q

What is the movement of fluid through the cell membrane from a high pressure area to a lower area?

A

Filtration

41
Q

Which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

Transverse

42
Q

The brachial, antecubital, and carpal are found in which body part?

A

The arm

43
Q

The epithelial tissue found in areas subject to considerable friction and abuse is what?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

44
Q

What type of tissue has an apical surface and a basement membrane?

A

Epithelial tissue

45
Q

What type of tissue is specialized to contract and produce movement?

A

Muscle tissue

46
Q

What type of tissue can be stratified or simple?

A

Epithelial tissue

47
Q

What type of tissue can be classified as “loose” or “dense”?

A

Connective tissue

48
Q

What tissue has the functional characteristics of irritability and conductivity?

A

Nervous tissue

49
Q

What are nails composed of?

A

Keratin

50
Q

What is the relationship of the thoracic cavity and the spinal cavities?

A

The thoracic cavity is ventral to the spinal cavity

51
Q

What type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels?

A

The smooth muscle

52
Q

What is the correct sequence in the levels of structural organization?

A 
Chemical level
Cellular level
Tissue level
Organ level
Organ system level
Organismal level
53
Q

Nutrients reach the epidermis through what process?

A

Diffusion

54
Q

What protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge?

A

Keratin

55
Q

What is the opposite of distal?

A

Proximal

56
Q

What is the only dry membrane?

A

Mucous membrane

57
Q

What solution contains fewer solutes than the cell?

A

Hypotonic

58
Q

What warms the body when its cold?

A

The arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright

59
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

The body is erect with the feet parallel and the arms hanging at the sides with the palms facing forward

60
Q

What feedback system operates in a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increases?

A

Positive

61
Q

What is a vital function of the skin?

A

Converts modified epidermal cholesterol into vitamin D

62
Q

What are sweat glands that are associated with hair?

A

Sudoriferous glands

63
Q

Inferior is…

A

Below

64
Q

Dorsal is…

A

Behind

65
Q

Lateral is…

A

Toward the side

66
Q

Distal is…

A

Father from the origin of the body or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

67
Q

Ventral is…

A

In front of…

68
Q

Mucous membranes line…

A

Body cavities that have openings to the exterior of the body

69
Q

What is the inflammation of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands?

A

Boils

70
Q

What element of a control system detects a change?

A

Receptor

71
Q

Which system covers the external surface of the body and manufactures vitamin D?

A

Integumentary system

72
Q

What kind of tissue is fat?

A

Adipose tissue

73
Q

What are tiny finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the cell for a quicker absorption?

A

Microvilli

74
Q

What section divides the body on the longitudinal plane into equal left and right parts?

A

Median (midsagittal)

75
Q

Which homeostatic imbalance imbalance that is caused by skin exposure to chemicals?

A

Contact dermititis

76
Q

How do physicians estimate the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient?

A

Using the “rule of nines”

77
Q

What are sudoriferous glands are important?

A

Body heat regulation

78
Q

The skeletal muscle is what kind of tissue?

A

Muscle tissue

79
Q

What is the correct order of elements in a control system?

A 
Stimulus
Receptor
Afferent pathway
Control center
Efferent pathway
Effector
Response
80
Q

What are finger-like upward projections of the dermis into the epidermis?

A

Dermal papillae

81
Q

What body cavity are the lungs and heart in?

A

Thoracic cavity

82
Q

What is not a survival need?

A

Reproduction

83
Q

What is the infection of the sebaceous glands accompanied by skin pimples?

A

Acne

84
Q

What is fluid-like blisters caused by herpes simplex virus?

A

Cold sores

85
Q

What is the overproduction of skin cells causing dry, silvery scales?

A

Psoriasis

86
Q

What is the cancer of skin pigment cells?

A

Malignant melanoma

87
Q

What is hair thinning and some degree of baldness?

A

Alopecia

88
Q

What organs are housed in the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

Stomach, liver, intestines, bladder, rectum ,and reproductive organs

89
Q

What is the gluteal region?

A

Buttock

90
Q

What is not a necessary life function?

A

Nutrients

91
Q

Where are synovial membranes found?

A

Joint cavities

92
Q

What represents the body thermostat that is located in a part of the brain called the hypothalamus?

A

Control center

Human Body in Health and Disease (2 decks)

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