Exam One Flashcards
Is the nervous system fast or slow acting?
Fast acting
Is the endocrine system fast or slow acting?
Slow acting
What is the ability to sense changes and react to them?
Responsiveness
What is the process of removing wastes from the body?
Excretion
Orientation/Directional terms to know (4)
LOOK UP LATER
How is the sagittal section cut?
Lengthwise/longitudinal
How is the frontal section cut?
Divides anterior and posterior
How is the transverse section cut?
Horizontally
Dorsal body cavity includes…
Cranial and spinal cavity
Ventral body cavity includes…
Thoracic, abdominopelvic, abdominal, pelvic
What is the deepest skin layer?
Reticular Layer
What are also known as bedsores?
Decubitus Ulcers
What three pigments contribute to skin color?
Melanin - yellow, reddish-brown
Carotene - orange-yellow
Hemoglobin - rosy glow
Alterations of skin color…
Erythema - Redness
Pallor - pale
Jaundice - yellow
Bruises - black and blue
What is the over activity of the sebaceous glands?
Seborrhea
Examples of sweat glands
Eccrine and Apocrine
What lines the external of the lungs?
Visceral
What is also known as athlete’s foot?
Tinea Pedis
What is caused by HIV?
Cold sores (fever blisters)
What is damaged in a first degree burn?
Superficial epidermis
What is damaged in a second degree burn?
Epidermis and superficial dermis
What is damaged in a third degree burn?
Both epidermis and dermis and often extend to subcutaneous tissue
What is damaged in a fourth degree burn?
Reaches the bone, muscle, or tendons
What does the ABCDE rule recognize?
Melanoma
What are 5 points of the ABCDE rule?
Asymmetry Border Irregularity Color Diameter Evolution
What does the hypodermis consist of?
Adipose tissue
What makes the epidermis a tough protective layer? What process is used?
Keratin
Keratinization
The ABCD rule classifies…
Melanoma
What is the “tanning” effect that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun?
Melanin
What does the parietal pericardium cover?
The roots of the heart
What tissue conducts electrochemical impulses?
Nervous tissue
Where is the axillary found?
The armpit
Where is the orbital found?
The eye area
Where is the inguinal found?
Area where thigh meets body trunk
Where is the umbilical found?
The navel
Where is the femoral found?
Thigh
The ovary is part of what two systems?
The reproductive and endocrine system
What type of transport is likely responsible for the process of a cell ingesting bacteria?
Endocytosis
The spleen and the tonsils are part of what system?
The lymphatic system
What is the movement of fluid through the cell membrane from a high pressure area to a lower area?
Filtration
Which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
Transverse
The brachial, antecubital, and carpal are found in which body part?
The arm
The epithelial tissue found in areas subject to considerable friction and abuse is what?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What type of tissue has an apical surface and a basement membrane?
Epithelial tissue
What type of tissue is specialized to contract and produce movement?
Muscle tissue
What type of tissue can be stratified or simple?
Epithelial tissue
What type of tissue can be classified as “loose” or “dense”?
Connective tissue
What tissue has the functional characteristics of irritability and conductivity?
Nervous tissue
What are nails composed of?
Keratin
What is the relationship of the thoracic cavity and the spinal cavities?
The thoracic cavity is ventral to the spinal cavity
What type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels?
The smooth muscle
What is the correct sequence in the levels of structural organization?
Chemical level Cellular level Tissue level Organ level Organ system level Organismal level
Nutrients reach the epidermis through what process?
Diffusion
What protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge?
Keratin
What is the opposite of distal?
Proximal
What is the only dry membrane?
Mucous membrane
What solution contains fewer solutes than the cell?
Hypotonic
What warms the body when its cold?
The arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright
What is the anatomical position?
The body is erect with the feet parallel and the arms hanging at the sides with the palms facing forward
What feedback system operates in a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increases?
Positive
What is a vital function of the skin?
Converts modified epidermal cholesterol into vitamin D
What are sweat glands that are associated with hair?
Sudoriferous glands
Inferior is…
Below
Dorsal is…
Behind
Lateral is…
Toward the side
Distal is…
Father from the origin of the body or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Ventral is…
In front of…
Mucous membranes line…
Body cavities that have openings to the exterior of the body
What is the inflammation of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands?
Boils
What element of a control system detects a change?
Receptor
Which system covers the external surface of the body and manufactures vitamin D?
Integumentary system
What kind of tissue is fat?
Adipose tissue
What are tiny finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the cell for a quicker absorption?
Microvilli
What section divides the body on the longitudinal plane into equal left and right parts?
Median (midsagittal)
Which homeostatic imbalance imbalance that is caused by skin exposure to chemicals?
Contact dermititis
How do physicians estimate the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient?
Using the “rule of nines”
What are sudoriferous glands are important?
Body heat regulation
The skeletal muscle is what kind of tissue?
Muscle tissue
What is the correct order of elements in a control system?
Stimulus Receptor Afferent pathway Control center Efferent pathway Effector Response
What are finger-like upward projections of the dermis into the epidermis?
Dermal papillae
What body cavity are the lungs and heart in?
Thoracic cavity
What is not a survival need?
Reproduction
What is the infection of the sebaceous glands accompanied by skin pimples?
Acne
What is fluid-like blisters caused by herpes simplex virus?
Cold sores
What is the overproduction of skin cells causing dry, silvery scales?
Psoriasis
What is the cancer of skin pigment cells?
Malignant melanoma
What is hair thinning and some degree of baldness?
Alopecia
What organs are housed in the abdominopelvic cavity?
Stomach, liver, intestines, bladder, rectum ,and reproductive organs
What is the gluteal region?
Buttock
What is not a necessary life function?
Nutrients
Where are synovial membranes found?
Joint cavities
What represents the body thermostat that is located in a part of the brain called the hypothalamus?
Control center
