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Psychology 3255: Conditioning, Learning, & Behavior Modification > Exam One > Flashcards

Exam One Flashcards

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1
Q

The subject matter behavior modification concerns itself with is/are:

A

human behavior

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2
Q

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of behavior?

impact, frequency, duration, intensity

A

impact

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3
Q

Pavlov did experiments in operant behavior. True or false.

A

false

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4
Q

Behavior is defined as what people do and say. True or false.

A

true

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5
Q

Mary’s parents are concerned about her screaming. If the loudness of Mary’s screams is what they are interested in, this would be an example of:

A

intensity

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT used in direct assessments?

A

questionnaires

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7
Q

A track coach records the amount of time it takes a sprinter to start running once the gun has been sounded. The coach is recording the dimension of ____________.​

A

latency

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8
Q

A teacher records the number of math homework problems a student has correctly completed in order to determine the student’s performance. The teacher is using ____________ recording.​

A

product

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9
Q

An observer divides an observation period into a number of consecutive time periods, and then records whether the target behavior occurred during each period. This is called:​

A

interval recording

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10
Q

A behavioral definition:

A

describes specific behaviors

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11
Q

In behavior modification, the main way to document behavior change is through the use of a(n):

A

graph

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12
Q

The level of the target behavior is recorded on the:​

A

vertical axis

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13
Q

In behavior modification, a research design is used to:

A

determine if the treatment changed the behavior

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14
Q

An A-B design does not demonstrate a functional relationship between the treatment and the target behavior because there is no:

A

replication

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15
Q

A researcher records the hair pulling behavior of three different children in a classroom and implements treatment at a different time for each child. tHe researcher is using a(n) __________ design.

A

multiple-baseline-across-subjects

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16
Q

Negative reinforcement decreases a behavior in the future.​ True or false.

A

false

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17
Q

Mary takes out the garbage and, as a result, her parents let her watch her favorite television show. Mary is then more likely to take out the garbage when asked. Being able to watch her favorite television show is a ____________ for her behavior of taking out the garbage.​

A

reinforcer

18
Q

​Timmy swears whenever his mom makes broccoli for dinner. Timmy’s mom always sends him to his room without dinner when he swears. As a result, Timmy is more likely to swear when his mom makes broccoli. This is an example of:

A

negative reinforcement

19
Q

Which of the following is NOT a question to ask when trying to decide whether a situation represents positive or negative reinforcement?​

A

did the stimulus appear to be pleasant?

20
Q

Whenever Tony puts money into a pop machine, he gets a can of pop. Tony never gets pop out of the machine when he does not put money in. This is an example of __________ existing between putting money in the machine and getting pop out.​

A

a contingency

21
Q

Extinction and negative reinforcement both decrease a behavior. True or false?

A

false

22
Q

Timmy takes out the garbage and his mother praises him when he does it. When his mother stops praising him, Timmy stops taking out the garbage. Timmy’s behavior of taking out the garbage has been:​
Correct!

A

extinguished

23
Q

Randy stopped putting money into a candy machine because he stopped getting candy out. After a couple months Randy put money into the candy machine again, but when no candy came out, he stopped putting money in. Randy’s behavior of putting money into the candy machine after a couple months is an example of:​

A

spontaneous recovery

24
Q

Whenever Matt is told to run laps during basketball practice, he complains to the coach that he is too tired in order to get out of running. The coach starts making him run the laps anyway, and eventually Matt stops complaining about being too tired when he is told to run. This is an example of:​

A

extinction of a negatively reinforced behavior

25
Q

In comparison to a behavior that has been continuously reinforced, a behavior that has been intermittently reinforced will _____________ when reinforcement is stopped​

A

decrease more slowly

26
Q

In behavior modification, a punisher is defined by its:​

A

effect on the behavior it follows

27
Q

Andrew was removed from class because he swore at his teacher. As a result of being removed from class activities, Andrew never swears at his teacher again. This is an example of:​

A

negative punishment

28
Q

Time-out from positive reinforcement and response cost both:​

A

involve the loss of access to reinforcers

29
Q

If a stimulus needs to be paired with an established punisher in order to function as a punisher it is referred to as a(n):​

A

conditioned punisher

30
Q

Whenever Tommy hits his little brother, he loses his television privileges. Tommy never loses his television privileges for any other behavior. This is an example of a(an) ____________ existing between hitting his little brother and losing his television privileges.​

A

contingency

31
Q

In behavior modification, an aversive stimulus is defined in terms of:

A

its effect on behavior

32
Q

Which of the following is a negative punishment procedure?

A

response cost

33
Q

Matthew gets upset and throws one of his toys against the wall. His Dad then removes him from the toy room and puts him in the hallway for a brief period of time. As a result, the probability of Matthew throwing his toys against the wall decreases. Which negative punishment procedure is Matthew’s Dad using with him?

A

exclusionary time-out

34
Q

When a time-out procedure is used, the ____________ environment must consist of positively reinforcing activities or interactions.

A

time-in

35
Q

The procedures of extinction, response cost, and time-out are similar in that they all:

A

are used to decrease problem behaviors

36
Q

In ____________ procedures, a reinforcer is removed following the occurrence of the behavior and the behavior decreases in the future, and in ____________ procedures a punisher is applied following the occurrence of the behavior and the behavior decreases in the future.

A

negative punishment; positive punishment

37
Q

Requiring an individual to engage in a low probability behavior contingent on the occurrence of a high probability behavior is a form of punishment that is based on:

A

the Premack Principle

38
Q

When John shoots a free throw incorrectly in basketball practice, his coach requires him to continue shooting until he has shot the ball correctly a number of times. In which type of punishment does the individual have to engage in the correct behavior contingent on the occurrence of the problem behavior?

A

positive practice

39
Q

​In behavior modification, ____________ procedures are the least likely to be used to decrease problem behaviors.

A

positive punishment

40
Q

Which of the following is NOT an ethical issue to be considered in the use of punishment?

A

covert implementation

Psychology 3255: Conditioning, Learning, & Behavior Modification (3 decks)

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