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Communications > Exam One > Flashcards

Exam One Flashcards

1
Q

shared meaning making where realities are created, recreated, and understood

A

communication

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2
Q

part of communication that communicates knowledge

A

language

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3
Q

model of communication that goes source to message to receiver to feedback

A

linear model

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4
Q

model of communication that says the sender and receiver interpret simultaneously based on their experiences

A

interactional model

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5
Q

model of communication that is dynamic, changes the communicators and looks at their context situation bubble, relationship, and culture

A

transactional model

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6
Q

type of noise that is able to be heard

A

physical noise

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7
Q

type of noise that is based on complex words, dialects, etc

A

semantic noise

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8
Q

type of noise that has a cognitive influence on the message (stressed, tired, etc)

A

psychological noise

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9
Q

type of noise that has a biological influence on the message (hunger, sickness, etc)

A

physiological noise

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10
Q

links communication to community, fellowship, and the representation of shared beliefs within a society

A

ritual view

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11
Q

language, ethnicity, laws, geography, food, etc.

A

culture

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12
Q

being aware of and creating meaning from the world around us

A

perception

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13
Q

influential people in the situation you find yourself in

A

significant other

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14
Q

your sense of how others see you

A

generalized other

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15
Q

set of expectations used to make sense of social situations using verbal and nonverbal communication

A

frames

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16
Q

used to understand your role in a situation

A

frame analysis

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17
Q

set of explanations, concepts, and principles describing aspects of the world

A

theory

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18
Q

every conclusion creates a new series of questions

A

specification of ignorance

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19
Q

active, systematic process of discovery, leading from observation to knowledge then theory

A

scientific inquiry

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20
Q

what is the nature of reality? what is knowable? things that can be measured

A

ontology

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21
Q

how is knowledge created and expanded?

A

epistemology

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22
Q

what is the proper role of values in research and theory building?

A

axiology

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23
Q

theory that looks for objective reality, removed from research

A

postpositivist theory

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24
Q

theory that is the systematic interpretation of social actions, trying to understand multiple truths based on experiences

A

interpretative theory

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25
Q

theory interested in making change, focus on power structures

A

critical theory

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26
Q

manipulation of one variable to measure influence on another variable

A

experiments

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27
Q

rely on questionnaires and interviews to solicit self-reported data

A

surveys

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28
Q

message or group of messages with the goal of describing and interpreting the text

A

textual analysis

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29
Q

quantitative textual analysis, objective categorization, measurement

A

content analysis

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30
Q

study of social interactions from inside cultures

A

ethnography

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31
Q

spoken words based in language

A

verbal communication

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32
Q

ordering of words and sounds to convey specific meaning

A

syntax

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33
Q

people who speak the same language and agree on the proper/improper use of language

A

speech community/network

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34
Q

hypothesis that says the language a speaker uses influences the way they think

A

linguistic relativity hypothesis

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35
Q

unstated comparison between things or events that share a feature

A

metaphor

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36
Q

language signifying concepts, qualities, or ideas, VAGUE

A

abstract language

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37
Q

function of language that expresses what you need and gets it

A

instrumental function

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38
Q

function of language that controls the actions of others, dependent on roles

A

regulatory function

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39
Q

function of language that provides information to others

A

informative function

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40
Q

function of language that changes someone’s views on something

A

persuasive function

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41
Q

function of language that establish, define, and maintain relationships

A

relational function

42
Q

function of language that to delight or entertain the speaker and listener

A

imaginative function

43
Q

function of language that to meet a social convention

A

ritualistic function

44
Q

function of language that to state personal feels, attitudes or thoughts

A

expressive function

45
Q

meaning made in a given context by including or excluding specific language

A

situational meaning

46
Q

meaning made by choice of words when speaking with a specific group of people

A

social meaning

47
Q

language is influenced and judged by the culture where it exists

A

cultural meaning

48
Q

because there are many different meanings to language, there are many ways to misinterpret things

A

syntactic ambiguity

49
Q

using polite language to protect face

A

politeness theory

50
Q

public self-image

A

face

51
Q

reflects desire to feel appreciated or gain approval

A

positive face-wants

52
Q

reflects desire to be unimpeded in actions/free from intrusion

A

negative face-wants

53
Q

communication without the use of language

A

nonverbal communication

54
Q

type of framing that says the same message with verbal and nonverbal

A

repeat

55
Q

type of framing that emphasizes with nonverbal

A

complement

56
Q

type of framing that has different meanings for verbal and nonverbal

A

contradict

57
Q

type of framing that only uses nonverbal

A

substitute

58
Q

type of framing that uses nonverbal to dictate conversation

A

regulate

59
Q

using space and distance to make meaning

A

proxemics

60
Q

communicating through touch

A

haptics

61
Q

using time to convey meaning

A

chronemics

62
Q

using body motions to convey meaning

A

kinesics

63
Q

sounds and rhythms that come out of your mouth but are not words

A

vocalics

64
Q

use of pupil dilation, eye movement, and eye contact

A

oculesics

65
Q

use of face’s mobility in communication

A

facial expressions

66
Q

physical attributes that communicate meaning

A

physical appearance

67
Q

objects we use to identify ourselves

A

artifacts

68
Q

temperature, weather, smells, lighting, designs

A

environmental factors

69
Q

actively making meaning from spoken messages of others

A

listening

70
Q

what does the H.U.R.I.E.R. model stand for?

A

hearing, understanding, remembering, interpreting, evaluating, responding

71
Q

information overload, speaker moving, anything other than physical noise that creates a barrier to listening

A

external distractions

72
Q

type of counterproductive listening- pretending to listen

A

fakers

73
Q

type of counterproductive listening- listening to gain affinity from partner but missing message

A

dependent listeners

74
Q

type of counterproductive listening- listening only to respond

A

interrupters

75
Q

type of counterproductive listening- paying more attention to their own conversation contributions

A

self-conscious listeners

76
Q

type of counterproductive listening- listening only with your head and blocking out nuances

A

intellectual listeners

77
Q

type of listening- listening to be informed, understand the message

A

informative

78
Q

type of listening- listening for enjoyment or pleasure

A

appreciative

79
Q

type of listening- listening to maintain relationships

A

relational/emotional

80
Q

type of listening- evaluating or analyzing what’s being said

A

critical

81
Q

type of listening- listening carefully to sort out important information

A

discriminative

82
Q

when a speaker addresses an audience in a more structured and formal way than a normal conversation

A

public speaking

83
Q

type of public speaking- to inform/educate people, share knowledge and understanding

A

informative speech

84
Q

type of public speaking- move audience towards your opinion on a specific subject or reinforce existing opinions

A

persuasive speech

85
Q

type of public speaking- presenting for only a few people, or a team doing a presentation

A

small group

86
Q

type of public speaking- presenting at an event

A

special occasion

87
Q

communication specifically intended to shape, reinforce, or change the responses of others

A

persuasion

88
Q

when we encounter new information, requiring some judgement or evaluation

A

response shaping

89
Q

communication deepens our commitment to already held attitudes or behaviors

A

response reinforcing

90
Q

communication moves our attitudes or behaviors from an existing position to another

A

response changing

91
Q

deeply held judgments about what’s important

A

values

92
Q

proposition about something

A

beliefs

93
Q

beliefs that can be proven or disproven

A

descriptive beliefs

94
Q

beliefs that are subjective, not proven (good, bad)

A

prescriptive beliefs

95
Q

beliefs that are subjective judgment (likes, dislikes)

A

evaluative beliefs

96
Q

beliefs around a situation or object that causes one to respond in a preferable way

A

attitudes

97
Q

concrete, observable actions

A

behavior

98
Q

receiver’s perception of the source’s expertise

A

source credibility

99
Q

degree to which you see a similarity between you and the persuader- creates a personal connection

A

perceived similarity

100
Q

what a person looks like that influences effectiveness of persuasion, shapes credibility, trustworthiness

A

physical attractiveness

101
Q

rational arguments, use of evidence, appeals, fear, emotional appeal

A

message characteristics

102
Q

motivation to process persuasive communication because it is relevant to some personal value, outcome, impression

A

involvement

Communications (2 decks)

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