Exam III

Question 1

Stage 1 HTN

Answer 1

130-139/80-89

Question 2

Elevated BP

Answer 2

120-129/80

Question 3

Low BP

Answer 3

90/60 or less

Question 4

Stage 2 HTN

Answer 4

140/90 or higher

“140 oh lordy”

Question 5

HTN Crisis

Answer 5

180-120 or more

can cause brain damage or heart attack

Question 6

S/S of HTN

Answer 6

ABCs:
A - Achy head (headache)
B - Blurred vision (retinopathy)
C - Chest pain (angina)

Question 7

Tx of HTN Crisis

Answer 7

Immediate IV Drugs - BCDE

B - Beta Blockers
C - CCBs
D - Dilators (Vasodilators - “nitro = pillow”)
E - ER to ICU

Question 8

Causes of HTN

Answer 8

SODA

S - Stress, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, stimulants
O - Oral Contraceptives (Birth Control)
D - Diet (High Sodium & Cholesterol), Diseases (Dr. HH - DM, Renal Disease, Heart failure, Hyperlipidemia)
A - African American men, Age (older)

Question 9

HTN Complications

Answer 9

AABC

A - Atherosclerosis
A - Aneurysms
B - Broken kidneys, eyes, heart
C - Clots

Question 10

Normal Ejection Fraction

Answer 10

55% - 70%, under 40% bad

Question 11

HTN Tx

Answer 11

DRESS

D - Diet
R - Reduce alcohol and caffeine
E - Exercise (30 min walk x 5 days/wk)
S - Stop smoking and alcohol
S - Stress reduction

Question 12

What is the P wave on an EKG?

Answer 12

Visual representation of the impulse across the atria
Small, round, and upright in Lead II
Should be less than 3 small boxes

Question 13

What is the PR Interval?

Answer 13

The time from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS
Normal is 0.12 - 0.20 seconds long

Question 14

What is the QRS complex?

Answer 14

Impulse through the bundle branches into the Purkinje fibers
Ventricular depolarization
Normal is 0.06 - 0.11 seconds long

Question 15

What is the ST segment?

Answer 15

From the end of the QRS to the beginning of the T wave
Should be isoelectric
Not elevated more than 1 small box nor depressed more than 1/2 small box

Question 16

What is the T wave?

Answer 16

Ventricular repolarization

Rounded, larger than P wave

Question 17

What is the QT Interval?

Answer 17

Measured from the beginning of the QRS to the end of the T wave
Normal between 0.36-0.44 seconds, not more than 0.5

Question 18

How long is a small square on an EKG print out?

Answer 18

0.04 seconds?

Question 19

How long is a big square on an EKG print out?

Answer 19

1 second

Question 20

7 steps to EKG rhythm interpretation

Answer 20

Is there a 6 second strip?

1. Identify P wave, QRS complex, & T wave. Is the ratio 1:1?
2. Is rhythm regular or irregular?
3. What is the rate?
4. Measure PR interval (normal = 0.12 - 0.20)
5. Measure QRS complex (normal = 0.06 - 0.11)
6. Measure QT interval (normal 0.36 - 0.44, not above 0.5)
7. Name the rhythm