Exam II 2nd Quarter

Question 0

what are fontanelles?

Answer 0

soft spots or membrane covered spots in the skull that will eventually form sutures. They typically last for about 7-19 months

when babies are born, skull bones to not form right away to allow passage through the birth canal and room for the brain to develop

Question 1

What bones make up the calvaria (aka cranial vault) and how they are formed?

Answer 1

frontal, parietal and occipital

intramembranosus ossification

Question 2

what does bulging or tension of fontanelles indicate?

Answer 2

increased intracranial pressure

Question 3

what makes up the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 3

frontal bone, crista galli, lesser wings of sphenoid, cribriform plate of the ethmoid,

contains cranial nerve #1and frontal lobe

Question 4

What is the posterior cranial fossa made up of?

Answer 4

sphenoid, temporal and occipital bone. contains the occipital lobe, cerebellum and brain stem. a number of “holes” can be found here, mainly the foramen magnum, hypoglossal canal, jugular foramen, and the internal auditory meatus

Question 5

what is the middle cranial fossa made up of and what does it contain?

Answer 5

made of temporal and sphenoid bones

contains sella tursica, chiasmic groove, optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, foramen lacerum, cavernous sinus

temporal lobe of brain rests in middle fossa

Question 6

where can sinuses/air cells be found?

Answer 6

ethmoid, maxilla, frontal, sphenoid, temporal

all are potential sites for infection

Question 7

1/5 of facial injuries involve fracture of which bone?

Answer 7

mandibular

Question 8

what joint holds the lower row of teeth at the alveolar processes?

Answer 8

gomphasis joint

Question 9

gums and teeth are inverted by which nerve?

Answer 9

inferior alveolar nerve

Question 10

what type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?

what are the articulations?

Answer 10

synovial joint with an articular disc

articulation at the condylar portion of the mandible/mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bone

Question 11

what is the temporomandibular joint innervated by?

Answer 11

mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

Question 12

what is the only bone in the human body that does not articulate with any other bone?

Answer 12

hyoid bone

Question 13

the hyoid bone’s attachment point for muscles is responsible for what two things?

Answer 13

speech and swallowing

Question 14

the hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone that is suspended from what?

what is it composed of?

Answer 14

the stylohyoid ligaments from the stylohyoid processes of the temporal bone

it contains a body, 2 cornua and 2 greater cornua

Question 15

the bony orbit is made up of what 7 bones?

Answer 15

FESMLZP    
frontal
ethmoid
sphenoid
maxillary
lacrimal
zygomatic
palantine

Question 16

the lateral wall of the nasal cavity has bumpy projections called what?

Answer 16

chonchae (turbinates)

Question 17

which conchae are part of the ethmoid bone and which are individual bones?

Answer 17

superior and middle - ethmoid

inferior - individual

Question 18

what is the role of the conchae?

Answer 18

they warm and filter inhaled hair and the mucosa serves an immune function by trapping foreign particles and exposing them to Ag presenting cells

Question 19

the roof of the nasal cavity contains receptors from which nerve?

Answer 19

olfactory nerve

Question 20

what are sutures?

Answer 20

fibrous joints between the bones of the skull

Question 21

what are the 7 different sutures of the skull?

Answer 21

coronal: between frontal and parietal
sagittal: between parietals
lambdoidal: between parietal and occiput
squamosal: between parietal and temporal

Question 22

what are the two sphincter muscles of facial expression?

Answer 22

obicularis oculi and obicularis oris

Question 23

all but the 2 sphincter muscles of facial expression are considered _________ type of muscles?

Answer 23

dilators

Question 24

what nerve innervates all muscles of facial expression?

Answer 24

facial nerve CN VII