Exam I: Narcotic Analgesics Flashcards
Opiate vs Opioid - original meaning although opioid is now used to reference both.
Opiate - Compounds naturally occurring in the botanical opium poppy (ie. Morphine, codeine)
Opioid - Synthetic or semi-synthetic compounds that are structurally similar to morphine (agonists)
Pharmacological effects and side effects of full or partial opioid agonists.
- Analgesia
- Euphoria/Dysphoria
- Resp depression
- Sedation - CNS depression
- Miosis - Pupillary constriction - pin-point pupils
- Reduced GI motility - constipation
Name 4 moderate/low opioid agonists.
- Codeine
- Oxycodone
- Hydrocodone
- Benzhydrocodone
Name 3 opioid Mixed Agonists/Antagonists and partial Agonists.
- Buprenorphine (CIII),
- Butorphanol (CIV),
- Pentazocine
Name 3 opioid antagonists.
- Naloxone
- Naloxegol
- Naltrexone
Tramadol and Tapentadol are opioid agonists or antagonists.
Weak agonists
Types of pain that narcotic analgesics relieve?
- Severe acute pain (Use IR)
- Non-cancer chronic pain, if NSAIDs do not work (Use ER)
- Chronic cancer pain (Use ER)
- Neuropathic pain
What are some therapeutic applications of narcotics other than analgesia? (4)
- Adjunct to general anesthesia
- Palliative sedation - numb pain, anxiety, depression
- Antidiarrheals - slows GI motility
- Antitussives - suppress cough reflex in brain
Name the OTC medication that uses an opioid agonist to treat diarrhea. What side effect does an overdose have for this drug?
Loperamide Hydrochloride (Imodium A-D®)
Can cause a fatal arrhythmia in high doses
Name the opioid antitussives. (3)
- Codeine
- Hydrocodone
- Dextromethorphan
“Opioid use disorder” is considered a medical illness.
True/False
True
There is also a genetic component of opioid addiction
Define what stupor is in reference to its effect on people with opioid use disorder.
A state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility. Trouble detecting stimuli.
What is PDMP?
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs)
Tracks every controlled substance dispensed. Available to healthcare providers and law enforcement personnel.
What schedule drugs are reported in NJ-PDMP?
How often do outpatient pharmacies have to report to NJ-PDMP?
Is this a HIPAA violation?
C-II to C-V
Report information at least twice a week
Not a HIPAA violation
Schedule I drugs
Illegal
Heroin, marijuana
Schedule II drugs
High potential for abuse, severe psychological or physical dependence
Adderall, cocaine, oxycodone, codeine alone