Exam I CV DSA and CIS Flashcards
Where are the ganglia of sympathetics to heart
upper thoracic or cervical chain
Describe R and L distribution of fibers to the heart
R sided fibers pass to the right deep cardiac plexus and inn R heart and SA node
L sided fibers pass deep to L cardiac plexus and inn L heart and AV node
what is result of hyperSympathetic tone to R side of heart (SA node)
supraventricular tachycardia
paroxysmal supraventricular tachy
What is result of hypersymapthetic tone to L side heart
ectopic foci
ventricular tachy ventricular fib
What type of SD can increase sympathetic tone to heart
upper thoracic dysfunction
upper rib dysfunction
cervical dysfunction
where are the parasympathetics to heart from
vagus nn (CN 10)
right vagus- SA
L vagus- AV
What is the course of vagus CN
from medulla through jugular foramen with connections to first cervical somatic nerves
enters chest via thoracic inlet
What type of SD can affect vagus nn
occipitomastoid compression affecting jugular foramen
occiput, atlas and axis (upper cervical)
thoracic inlet: upper thoracics, upper ribs, clavicles, lower cervicals, cervical fascia, ECT
Describe lymph drainage from heart
right lymphatic duct that courses through thoracic inlet on way into heart
what drives lymphatics
diaphragmatic function and muscle activity
What environmental signals may have negative impact on epigenetics
poor nutrition, toxic thoughts/mental stress
physical stress
environmental toxins
SD
Where is SD usually found with anterior wall MI and inferior MI
anteriro T2-3 left
inferior C2 at cranial base
what are the goals of OMM integration
bring autonomic balance back to CV system
improve arterial supply and venous and lymph drainage to heart
what is the goal in OMM Tx of CHF
reduce intravascular and interstitial volume overload
improve tissue perfusion
optimize cardiac function
What is spinal facilitation
peripheral irritation
CNS sensitization
sensitization of neighboring neurons
disseminated sensitivity throughout all tissue served by that area
viscero-somatics are assoc with what type spinal type SD?
type II
What are the JNC rules for Tx HTN if age 30-59
> 140/90
What age and up do you Tx HTN if >150/90
above 60
what is a still murmur
grade 1-3 early systoly best hear low left sternal border infancy- adolescence 2-6 yrs innocent can sound like a ventricular septal defect of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
what is a venous hum
grade 1-6 continuoys murmur louder in diastole
best herad over low anterior neck, louder on right
lasts age 3-8
a medium - alrge VSD would sound how
thrill at LLSB
split or single S2
holosystolic murmur at LLSB without radiation grade 2-5
what does an ASD sound like
grade 2-3 systolic ejection murmur best heard at ULSB
wide fixed split S2
absent thrill
What does PDA sound like
continuous murmur in ULSB crescendo decrescendo
normal S1
what are characteristics of tetraology of fallot
central cyanosis, clubbing of nail beds
grade 3-4 long systolic ejection fraction heart at ULSB with holosystolic murmur at LLSB
systolic thrill
slightly increased S1, single S2
