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intro to tech in animal behavior > exam I > Flashcards

exam I Flashcards

1
Q

two roots of modern animal behavior

A

ethology + comparative psychology

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2
Q

ethology

A

scientific study of animal behavior

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3
Q

comparative psychology 3 psychologists

A

pavlov, skinner, thorndike

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4
Q

comparative psychology questions

A

how did it develop? how does it work?

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5
Q

ethology questions

A

why did it evolve? why is it valuable?

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6
Q

the big three (ethology)

A

FLT - karl von frisch, konrad lorenz, nikolaas tinbergen

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7
Q

karl von frisch contributions

A

decoded the language of bees, animal language, contemporary of charles henry turner

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8
Q

konrad lorenz contributions

A

observation - discovered imprinting, fixed-action in birds

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9
Q

nikolaas tinbergen

A

experimental - “supranormal” stimuli and intensity of behavior, stickleback courtship and reproductive behavior

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10
Q

emergent property

A

observation and knowledge of lower levels of organization cannot necessarily predict properties at higher levels in biological systems

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11
Q

charles henry turner

A

studied insects and bees and their behavior

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12
Q

4 reasons to measure behavior

A

human benefits (biological basis), linkage with experimental neuroscience, more effective species conservation programs, it’s fun

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13
Q

ethologists (qualitative vs quantitative)

A

quantitively

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14
Q

qualitative

A

interpret subject’s behaviors in context, seek themes based on context, use of examples to support themes

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15
Q

quantitative

A

defines behaviors, counts behaviors, counts summarized and compared

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16
Q

5 challenges of measuring behavior

A
  1. change over time
  2. not discrete
  3. often complex
  4. often respond to environmental stimuli
  5. highly variable
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17
Q

proximate

A

pertaining to the individual animal

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18
Q

ultimate

A

pertaining to the population or species

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19
Q

current

A

occurs now, time scale is the animal’s lifetime

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20
Q

historical

A

occurs in evolutionary time, time scale is generations

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21
Q

proximate + current

A

how does it work? (causation)

22
Q

proximate + historical

A

how did it develop? (ontogeny)

23
Q

current + ultimate

A

what is it for? (survival value/reproduction)

24
Q

historical + ultimate

A

how did it evolve? (evolution)

25
Q

causation

A

what stimuli releases the behavior?

26
Q

ontogeny

A

what development in the animal’s life leads to the behavior?

27
Q

survival value

A

how does the behavior benefit the animal’s survival/reproduction?

28
Q

evolution

A

from what behavior did this one evolve?

29
Q

5 factors worth considering in choosing a species

A

replacement species, space, adjustment to captivity, rarity + effect on wild populations, paperwork

30
Q

model organism

A

an organism studied enough that it can be used in replacement of other species and is easy to study

31
Q

ethics vs morals

A

ethics are moral principles while morals are individual standards influenced by society/culture/family

32
Q

the 3 r’s - moral obligations in animal use

A

replacement, reduction, refinement

33
Q

replace examples

A

simulations, model organisms

34
Q

reduce examples

A

power analysis (smallest sample size needed), justified experimental design

35
Q

refine examples

A

husbandry improvements, experimental methods, anesthesia/analgesia, euthanasia

36
Q

work on _ animals is regulated in the US

A

vertebrate

37
Q

IACUC

A

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee

38
Q

iacuc 3 factors weighed

A

quality of research, certainty of benefit, degree of animal suffering

39
Q

iacuc non-compliant consequences

A

shattered institutions, pulling of federal funding, moral standpoint

40
Q

3 major ways behavior can be described

A

consequence, structure, spatial relation

41
Q

consequence

A

describe effects of the behavior

42
Q

structure

A

physical description, body parts

43
Q

spatial relation

A

another physical description, body in relation to something external

44
Q

ethogram

A

catalog of all behaviors performed by a species, definitions + descriptions (dictionary)

45
Q

in practice, often a subset

A

refer to hypothesis

46
Q

behavior (categories) should be

A

independent yet inclusive

47
Q

4 measurements to study animal behavior

A

latency, frequency, duration, intensity

48
Q

latency

A

time until a behavior

49
Q

frequency

A

count of behavior

50
Q

duration

A

length of behavior

51
Q

intensity

A

local rate or amplitude

intro to tech in animal behavior (2 decks)

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