Exam I Flashcards
1
Q
Guilds
A
- Rivalry between artist, merchants, cities and craftsmen
- Emergence of guils (qualitiy control)
- Supervised education of young artist
- Provided competition for young artist
- Entrance into a guild reuired the creation of a MASTERPIECE
- Paintors belong to the Guild of Doctors because they mixed their own paints
*
2
Q
Fourteenth Century Europe Eco
A
- Population growth, but not enough food
- Bad harvest so Europe was in famine
- There was also conflict between France and England (Hundred Years War)
- Black Death- Bubonic plague, lost about 40% of european population
- Basic societal structures fell
- Despite the famine, Black Death, and the Hundred Years War, there was economic growth
- Wealth promoted art patronage
3
Q
Usury
A
- To charge interest on loaned money (a sin)
- In the Scrovegni situation he had inherited this wealth from his father’s sinful moneymaking ways
- Scrovegni commisioned Giotto’s to paint frescos in the Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel as a way to show God he was sorry
- Facial features of angels are generic, prophets are individualized, likely to be portraits
- Grisaille
- Human emotion and symbolism
*
4
Q
Florentine vs. Sienese Painting
A
- Rivals
- Sienese-Emphasis on DECORATION
- Duccio di Buoninsegna
- Jewel-like colors
- Elegant posed figures
- Florentino- Emphasis on EMOTION
- Maesta Altarpiece-Mary and Child are focal point (larger and on center)
- Maniera greca- Greek style
- Giotto v
5
Q
Illuminated Manuscripts
A
- Book of Hours, used for private prayer
- Worn like jewelry by the wealthy
- Book of Hours of Jeanne D’Everoux
- Prays for a boy
- Contrapasto- curved relaxed posture
- Architectural frames around scenes
*
6
Q
English Embroidery
A
- (Opus Aglicanum)
- English were wellknown for needle work
- Lots of detail
- Life of the Virgin
- Red velvet with silk (expensive materials)
*
- Red velvet with silk (expensive materials)
7
Q
Decorated Style of Architecture
A
- Exeter Cathedral (England)
- Decorative Syle- derived from gothic
*
8
Q
Andachtsbilder and Vesperbild
A
- Vesper- evening prayer
- Vesperbild - Pieta - Mary holding Christ
- Andachtsbilder- German religious works, depict harsh reality
*
9
Q
Renaissance and Jules Michelet
A
- Rebirth
- Began in Italy (possibly in Florence) but developed in other parts of Europe as well
- Wasn’t known as the Renaissance until Michelet called it that in 1855
10
Q
Characteristic of the Nothernern Renaisance
A
- Observe and record natural world
- Birds and animals, lots of detail
*
- Birds and animals, lots of detail
11
Q
International Gothic Style and ‘Realism of Particulars’
A
- International Gothic Style is known as Realism of Particulars
- Excesive detail
- Shows debth
- Bright colors and gold leaf
- Mini architecture
- Unicorn Found at the Fountain, from the Hunt of the Unicorn Tapestry Series
- Lots of floral
- Used as insulation, portable
- Expensive, expression of owners wealth
- Dificult and complex to make (curves and shadows)
- Crowded and busy compositions
- Symbolism- unicorn can only be caught by virgin
- Unicorn- love
- Lion- Faith, mercy, courage
- Stag- Ressurection, shags fall off and regrow
- Rabbit- Fertility
- Dogs- Loyalty, fidelity
- Plant and Fruit- Fertility
- *
12
Q
Annunciation, Visitation, Presentation in the Temple, Flight into Egypt
A
12
13
Q
Flemish Tapestries
A
pricy
14
Q
The Flemish School
A
- Oil was preffered medium, slow to dry transparent when applied in thin layers
- Flemish panels are meant to be looked as windows into a scene
- Evidence of ‘Realism of Particulars’
- Attention to detail, architecture, symbolism, and drapery
- Rise of the middle class, becoming patrons
- Merode Altarpiece
- Typical Flemish home
- Symbolism- ceramic vessel with lilies-purity, virginity
- Waterpot in back- vessel carrying Christ
- Candle- God’s divinity
- Small floating Christ
- Sitting on footrest- obidience to God
- Double Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife
- Her face is idealized, his isn’t
- May have been pregnant? Just married? Memorial to his first wife?
- Highly espensive fabrics and carpets, wealthy
- Mirror- all seeing eye of God
- Dog- fidelity
- Fruit tree- fertility
- Shoes- Shes a homemaker, hes a bread winner
- Ghent Altarpiece (Second Generation Artist)
- Scene of ANNUNCIATION
- Mary’s words are upsidedown
*
15
Q
‘Flamboyant’ Architecture
A
goth
16
Q
Printmaking in Northern Europe
A
- Larger quantities
- Less expensive
- Paper was more accesible
- Made out of woodblocks, by woodworkers
- Could be made in parchment or paper
- German or latin
- In color or black and white
*
17
Q
A
Double Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and HIs Wife
Van Eyke
1434
18
Q
A
Annunciaton, Visitation, Presentation in the temple, Flight into Egypt
Melchior Broederlam
1400
19
Q
A
Well of Moses
Claus Slutter
1400
20
Q
A
February: LIfe in the Country, Tres Riches Heures
Paul Herman and Jean Limbourg
1400
21
Q
A
January duke of berry at Table, Tres Riches Heurx
Paul Herman, Jean Limbourg
1400
22
Q
A
Unicorn is Found at the Fountain: From the Hunt of the Unicorn
Tapestry Series
1500
23
Q
A
Merode Altarpiece
Triptych of the Annuciation
Robert Campin
1400
24
Q
A
Man in a Red Turban
Van Eyck
1400
25
Ghent Altarpiece (Closed)
Annunciation with Donars
Jean and Hubbert Van Eyck
1400
26
Ghent Altarpiece (Open)
## Footnote
Adoration of the Mystic Lamb
Jean and Hubbert Van Eyck
1400
27
Saint Luke Drawing the Virgin and Child
Roger Van Der Weyden
1400
28
Portinari Altarpiece
Hugo Van der Goes
1500
29
Etienne Chevalier St Stephen and Virgin and Child
## Footnote
Jean Foquet
1450
30
Church of St Maclau
Pierre Robin
1500
31
St Wolfgang Altarpiece
Michael Pacher
1500
32
Temptations of St Anthony
Martin Shongauer
1500
33
City of Nouremberg, from the Nouremberg Chronicles
Michael Wolgemut and Weilhelm Pleydenwurff
1500
