Exam Guru 2 Flashcards
Agranulocytosis / neutropenia
- other findings?
Carbamazepine
Clozapine
Bronchitis / pneumonia
Sinusitis / maxillary tenderness
Postural HA
Carbamazepine can cause agranulocytosis.
- other serious SE’s?
Stevens-Johnson
Teratogenic
Overdose: hepatotoxic, sedation
If Valproate must be used in pregger, what also give?
Folate, due to neural tube defects
Examples of social phobia?
Public speaking, urinating,
aka social anxiety disorder
Pseudohallucination vs. illusion
Pseudo - brain fills in what it thinks it should have seen
Illusion - brain misinterprets a genuine sensory perception
When use supportive psychotherapy?
High-fn pt in acute crisis (adjustment disorder)
Low-fn pt w/ schizo/MDD with psychosis
What illicit drug can trigger decompensation in schizophrenia patients?
Cannabis
- in adolescence increases risk developing schizo
- accelerates progression to schizo in pt’s who would have gotten it at a later age
What drugs can produce psychosis indistinguishable from schizophrenia?
PCP and ketamine
- both block NMDA receptors
Synthetic cannabinoids can cause…
Frank psychosis in pt’s w/ no risk factors
Anorexia nervosa can often co-present with MDD
Treat with what?
Citalopram or other SSRI
Why did TCA’s fall out of favor?
QT prolongation - get semi-annual EKG
Delirium in pt’s w/ dementia
Anti-cholinergic effects
Orthostatic hypotension
One change in kids regarding depression?
Instead of a low mood may be irritable
What rule out in ED before dx of schizophrenia/schizophreniform disorder can be made?
Substance-induced psychosis
- do a urine tox screen
TCA’s are not recommended in the elderly.
- why get increased head injuries and hip fractures?
Falls - due to orthostatic hypotension
Motor immobility + mutism
Normal vital signs
Background of what?
Catatonia
- background of schizophrenia
What make you think postpartum psychosis instead of depression?
Auditory hallucinations and/or delusions
- reinforce unfounded idea that pt will be a bad mom
- baby’s life will not be worth living
Why abrupt alcohol withdrawal deadly?
Down regulation of GABA receptors
- alcohol enhances GABA so get down regulation of GABA receptors
- then when alcohol is removed don’t have CNS inhibitory NT
- get CNS excitation…tremor, agitation, SEIZURE
What kills pt’s in delirium tremens?
#1 Autonomic instability Also get seizures, delirium, severe tremors
How treat personality disorders? Why?
Psychotherapy
- they are egosyntonic - pt’s believe their trait is perfectly acceptable despite functional problems
- tend to be more psych then biological
Cognitive triad of depression:
1 - negative views of oneself
2 - negative views of the world
3 - negative views of the future
Mescaline
Hallucinogen found in peyote
- visual sensations/hallucinations
- increased Serotonin neurotransmission
- have clear memories of what you saw
Rapid cycling bipolar disorder
4+ mood episodes in one year
What area of brain responsible for schizo’s hearing voices?
Temporal lobe
Cocaine-induced depression
Treat w/ inpatient or intensive outpatient drug rehabilitation program
(don’t think of this as isolated depression; it will likely resolve in a few weeks without meds)
Criteria for manic?
3+ symptoms for 1+ week period
DIG FAST distract/impulsive/grand/flight
activity/sleep/talkative
Sexual abuse w/out treatment can lead to?
Borderline personality disorder
PTSD and borderline are commonly comorbid
Huntington is choreathoid + volume loss in the ???
Caudate Nucleus
Parkinson’s is tremor + volume loss in???
Substantia nigra
