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Grade 9 Geography > Exam Definitions > Flashcards

Exam Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Population density

A

The measure of the average number of people that occupy an area is population divided by area

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2
Q

What is GDP?

A

It is gross domestic product which is all the goods and services produced within a country over a year

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3
Q

What is hdi?

A

It is the human development index which combines measures in 3 essential areas - health, education, and wealth- to indicate a countries level of human development

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4
Q

What is population distribution?

A

It is a pattern showing where people live on an area. Ex. Scattered distribution along a coast line or road

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5
Q

What are the 3 types of population distribution patterns?

A

Dispersed- far apart
Concentrated- close together
Linear- in a line

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6
Q

What is the global village?

A

The idea that the world is becoming like one large village because of improvements in communication

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7
Q

What is globalization?

A

The development of an increasingly integrated world in which free movement of goods, services and people make national borders less important.

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of a developing country?

A
  • lowest levels of economic and social growth
  • economy is dominated by the primary industry
  • service sector is very poor so schools and hospitals are poorly developed.
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9
Q

What are characteristics of a newly industrialized country?

A
  • they are countries that are are in transition between developed and developing
  • beginning to industrialize so many ppl are employed in secondary industry
  • starting to build infrastructures and services are becoming available
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10
Q

What are the characteristics of a developed country

A
  • the highest level of social and economic growth and the highest standard of living
  • economy is dominated by tertiary industry and quaternary industries are becoming more available
  • their challenge is to maintain their standard of living and reduce their global impact
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11
Q

What is a scatter graph?

A

A graph that shows the relationship between two sets of numerical data

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12
Q

What is a free market economy?

A

An economy that encourages free competition without government interference

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13
Q

What is a command economy?

A

An economy that puts the government in charge of managing all aspects of the economy

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14
Q

What is a mixed economy?

A

A mix of between a free market economy and a command economy

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15
Q

What is bilateral trade?

A

Trade between two countries

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16
Q

What is a tariff?

A

A tax on an import

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17
Q

What is protectionism?

A

Government policy of using tariffs and having rules that limit imports

18
Q

What is free trade?

A

Government policy that eliminates tariffs and other laws limiting trade

19
Q

What is NAFTA?

A

NAFTA is the North American free trade agreement which was made to make free trade between Canada, the U.S. and Mexico

20
Q

What is culture?

A

Culture is anything to do with all aspects of life like language religion values clothing food government type media or more narrowly culture is the arts media and entertainment (the characteristics of life)

21
Q

What is continental drift?

A

It is the theory that the earths crust is constantly moving but were once all together

22
Q

What are plate tectonics?

A

Theory that states that earths outer shell consists of plates that move causing earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains, and formation of new crust

23
Q

What is a geographic region?

A

An area with similar characteristics that set it apart from other areas. Examples include vegetation, agriculture, resources, etc.

24
Q

What is an Ecozone?

A

A large geographical region in which human activities interact with the living and non living parts of the natural world

25
Q

What is a basic industry?

A

An industry that brings money into a community or city, without it money wouldn’t enter the city.

26
Q

What is a non basic industry?

A

An industry that doesn’t bring new money into the town but keeps money cycling throughout the city.

27
Q

What is agriculture?

A

The science, art, and business of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.

28
Q

What is a GMO?

A

It is a genetically modified organism whose genetic structure has been changed to give them characteristics that are seen as desirable

29
Q

What is mobility?

A

The ability to move freely without struggle

30
Q

What is land use?

A

How urban, suburban or rural landis and can be used

31
Q

What is residential density?

A

Measure of the number of housing units per hectare

32
Q

What is the winter city concept?

A

The idea to build cities with inside and outside environments that are live able during long harsh winters.

33
Q

What is the multiplier effect?

A

The total effect on the economy when one part of it expands (opens) or contracts (closes)

34
Q

What are demographics?

A

Demographics are made up of 3 parts: study of population, population density and historical trends in population growth

35
Q

What is a dependency load?

A

It is the part of the population that need to be supported and taken care of aka can’t work.

36
Q

What is a natural increase rate?

A

How a population changes because of people bing born and people dying

37
Q

What is net migration rate?

A

The movement of people

38
Q

What is emigration?

A

When people leave a place to live somewhere else

39
Q

What is immigration?

A

When people arrive in a new place to live

40
Q

What is population growth rate?

A

The amount that the population of a place either increases or decreases over time.

41
Q

What are the 3 types of making conventional energy?

A

Hydroelectricity, thermoelectricity and nuclear energy

42
Q

What are the 5 types of alternative energy sources?

A

Solar, geothermal, wind, biomass, and tidal.

Grade 9 Geography (4 decks)

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