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Bio 150 > Exam (Ch12) > Flashcards

Exam (Ch12) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Semiconservative Replication

A

new dna has a parent & a daughter strand

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2
Q

Growth of DNA

A

5’ to 3’; triphosphate is broken to release energy & drive polymerization

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3
Q

Polymerization catalyst

A

DNA polymerase

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4
Q

Leading Strand

A

3’ ends towards replication fork; strand is synthesized continuously

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5
Q

Lagging Strand

A

5’ end towards replication fork; strand is synthesized in parts (these parts are called okazaki fragments)

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6
Q

RNA primase

A

places primer

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7
Q

DNA polymerase

A

extends sequence from primer

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8
Q

DNA polymerase (second one in synthesis of lagging stand)

A

removes RNA primer & replaces it with DNA

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9
Q

DNA Ligase

A

Binds Okazaki fragments

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10
Q

Topoisomerase 1

A

Cleaves one DNA strand and pass either one or two DNA strands through the break before resealing it

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11
Q

Topoisomerase 2

A

Cleave both DNA strands and pass another double strand through the break followed by religation of the double strand break

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12
Q

Helicase

A

Separates parent strands at replication fork

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13
Q

Single Stranded Binding Protein

A

Binds to single strands to keep from resealing

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14
Q

DNA Polymerase (beneficial function)

A

proofread and self correct

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15
Q

Telomere

A

Caps end of chromosome; will always have small single stranded pair; repaired by telomerase after DNA replication

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16
Q

PCR amplification steps

A

Denature, annealing, and extension

17
Q

Sanger sequencing

A

One sequence at a time

One primer is used; Elongation is stopped at a dideoxynucleotide terminator; daughter strands get shorter as activity continues; different strand lengths & their ending colors help determine the sequence; data can be used to make charts

18
Q

CRISPR

A

Uses a programmed Cas9 enzyme & guide DNA to cut & edit DNA sequences

Bio 150 (4 decks)

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