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Bio 150 > Exam (Ch11) > Flashcards

Exam (Ch11) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Binary Fission

A

Prokaryotic cell division; replicate & pinch; one point of orgin

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2
Q

Mitotic Division

A

Eukaryotic cells; mitosis & cytokinesis; evolved from binary fission

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3
Q

Cell Cycle

A

G0, G1, S, G2 (G1-G2 is also known as interphase), M phase (also known as mitosis & cytokinesis)

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4
Q

Chromosomes

A

46 (aka 23 pairs

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5
Q

Homologous Chromosomes

A

Same set of genes

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6
Q

Haploid

A

Cell with one set of chromosomes

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7
Q

Diploid

A

Cell with two sets of chromosomes

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8
Q

Mitosis Phases

A

Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

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9
Q

Prophase

A

Chromosomes condense & become visible; two centrosomes at opposite poles

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10
Q

Prometaphase

A

chromosomes attach to mitotic spindle; nuclear envelope breaks down; microtubules attach to the chromosome at their centromere

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11
Q

Metaphase

A

Chromosomes align as a result of dynamic changes in the mitotic spindle

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12
Q

Anaphase

A

Sister chromatids separate fully

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13
Q

Telophase

A

nuclear envelopes reform around newly segregated chromosomes

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14
Q

Cytokinesis

A

parent cell divides into two daughter cells; stage begins with ring of actin filaments (contractile ring)

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15
Q

Meiotic Cell Division

A

Produces 4 daughter cells; each daughter cell contains 1/2 number of chromosomes of parent; each daughter cell is genetically unique; 2 cell divisions

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16
Q

Prophase 1

A

condensed chromosomes; two sister chromatids held together at centromere

17
Q

Synapsis

A

homologous chromosomes pair with each other (the pair is called a bivalent)

18
Q

Crossing over

A

breaking and exchanging of parts between non-sister chromatids

19
Q

prometaphase 1

A

spindles attach to kinetochores (protein complexes associated with centromere of each chromosome)

20
Q

metaphase 1

A

homologous pairs line up in center of cell

21
Q

anaphase 1

A

homologous chromosomes separate (sister chromosomes do not separate)

22
Q

Telophase/Cytokinesis 1

A

cell splits & nuclear envelope forms

23
Q

In between Meiosis 1 & 2

A

no dna synthesis

24
Q

prophase 2

A

Chromosomes recondense, nuclear envelope disappears, and spindle begins to set up

25
Q

Prometaphase 2

A

Spindles attach to kinetochores on chromosomes

26
Q

metaphase 2

A

chromosomes align in center of cell

27
Q

anaphase 2

A

sister chromatids seperate

28
Q

telophase/cytokinesis 2

A

nuclear envelope reforms & cytoplasm divides

Bio 150 (4 decks)

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