Exam (Ch11)

Question 1

Binary Fission

Answer 1

Prokaryotic cell division; replicate & pinch; one point of orgin

Question 2

Mitotic Division

Answer 2

Eukaryotic cells; mitosis & cytokinesis; evolved from binary fission

Question 3

Cell Cycle

Answer 3

G0, G1, S, G2 (G1-G2 is also known as interphase), M phase (also known as mitosis & cytokinesis)

Question 4

Chromosomes

Answer 4

46 (aka 23 pairs

Question 5

Homologous Chromosomes

Answer 5

Same set of genes

Question 6

Haploid

Answer 6

Cell with one set of chromosomes

Question 7

Diploid

Answer 7

Cell with two sets of chromosomes

Question 8

Mitosis Phases

Answer 8

Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 9

Prophase

Answer 9

Chromosomes condense & become visible; two centrosomes at opposite poles

Question 10

Prometaphase

Answer 10

chromosomes attach to mitotic spindle; nuclear envelope breaks down; microtubules attach to the chromosome at their centromere

Question 11

Metaphase

Answer 11

Chromosomes align as a result of dynamic changes in the mitotic spindle

Question 12

Anaphase

Answer 12

Sister chromatids separate fully

Question 13

Telophase

Answer 13

nuclear envelopes reform around newly segregated chromosomes

Question 14

Cytokinesis

Answer 14

parent cell divides into two daughter cells; stage begins with ring of actin filaments (contractile ring)

Question 15

Meiotic Cell Division

Answer 15

Produces 4 daughter cells; each daughter cell contains 1/2 number of chromosomes of parent; each daughter cell is genetically unique; 2 cell divisions

Question 16

Prophase 1

Answer 16

condensed chromosomes; two sister chromatids held together at centromere

Question 17

Synapsis

Answer 17

homologous chromosomes pair with each other (the pair is called a bivalent)

Question 18

Crossing over

Answer 18

breaking and exchanging of parts between non-sister chromatids

Question 19

prometaphase 1

Answer 19

spindles attach to kinetochores (protein complexes associated with centromere of each chromosome)

Question 20

metaphase 1

Answer 20

homologous pairs line up in center of cell

Question 21

anaphase 1

Answer 21

homologous chromosomes separate (sister chromosomes do not separate)

Question 22

Telophase/Cytokinesis 1

Answer 22

cell splits & nuclear envelope forms

Question 23

In between Meiosis 1 & 2

Answer 23

no dna synthesis

Question 24

prophase 2

Answer 24

Chromosomes recondense, nuclear envelope disappears, and spindle begins to set up

Question 25

Prometaphase 2

Answer 25

Spindles attach to kinetochores on chromosomes

Question 26

metaphase 2

Answer 26

chromosomes align in center of cell

Question 27

anaphase 2

Answer 27

sister chromatids seperate

Question 28

telophase/cytokinesis 2

Answer 28

nuclear envelope reforms & cytoplasm divides