Exam Flashcards
Situational crime prevention, target hardening, and crime prevention through product design have their roots in rational choice theory T/F
True
Gresham Sykes and David Matza’s theory around “techniques of neutralization” attempts to provide a comprehensive account for the means by which criminal justice agencies can ‘neutralize’ deviant behaviours. T/F
False
Control theorist such as Travis hirschi believe that all humans are inclined towards crime, what needs to be explained is thus why there is so little crime T/F
True
According to Kirsten Kramer, feminisms limited position within textbooks is a reflection of its limited impact on the criminal justice sytem T/F
False
From the years 1928 to 1972 sterilizations , both compulsory and optional were performed on nearly 300 ‘unfit’ individuals of varying ages and ethnicities in Canada T/F
True
Robert Hare’s Psychopathic checklist can easily detect future violent criminals T/F
False
In concert with early positivist theories of criminality, the revival of biological theories argued that criminality has causal properties that link bodily characteristics to definitive forms of behaviour T/F
False
Labelling theory is a sociological theory of crime, but its main impact in criminology has been to redirect a focus on the social processes of criminalization. T/F
True
A key distinction between sociological and psychological approaches to crime is that psychological scholars cannot consider broader cultural or environmental forces to explain crime. T/F
False
Otto Pollak argued that women are socially oppressed by men, but nonetheless have an inherent deceitfulness that drives them towards criminality. T/F
True
The theory of differential association explains how individuals develop definitions that are favourable or unfavourable towards criminal codes T/F
True
Contemporary criminology is a multi-disciplinary field, bound by empirical topics of research, which aims more toward explaining practices of criminality and criminalization rather than providing comprehensive and preventative formulas for a crime-free society. T/F
True
Edwin Sutherland asserted that criminal behaviour was the result of genetic defects, criminal psychopathy, and/or feeble-mindedness. T/F
False
Situational crime prevention, target hardening, and crime prevention through product design have their roots in rational choice theory. T/F
True
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is brain damage caused by genetic disorders which may result in permanent or temporary cognitive, physical, emotional, or behavioural impairments, and has been linked to the commission of criminal acts. T/F
False
Agnew thought that explaining crime was more effective by focusing on trigger events rather than opportunity structures
False
Which of the following theoretical approaches (or schools) is least interested in the role of language and communication in processes of constituting norms, deviance, and criminality:
a) Chicago School
b) Labelling theory
c) Constitutional theories
d) Social learning theory
C
Henry Goddard promoted a view of criminality that argued bad genes are likely to produce law-transgressing citizens T/F
True
The relationship between sociology and criminology can be traced back in part to the Chicago School and its work on social disorganization theory.
True
Early studies on criminal families, like The Jukes and The Kallikak Family, utilized detailed family genealogies to argue that genetic make-up predestines actors towards crime
True
In surveying the landscape of mainstream criminology, feminist criminologists noted that much of this work was patriarchal in nature. The disregard for the role that capitalism plays in crime was advanced by feminist criminologists T/F
False
Who are the two people related to the Classical School? (Bonus)
Cesare Beccaria
Jeremy Bentham
Who is the Feeble Minded Inspector? (Bonus)
Helen MacMurchy
Who is the Guest Speaker on Indigenous rights? (Bonus)
Colleen Cardinal
