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Aviation Medicine > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Define IMSAFE

A 
Illness
Medication 
Stress 
Alcohol 
Fatigue 
Eating
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2
Q

Why do aircrew require an annual audiometric exam?

A

Early detection of NIHL

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3
Q

Which drugs are allowed to be used to assist with sleep?

A

Tamazepam

Zolpidem

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4
Q

Sunglasses

A

CR39 - won’t shatter

ND15 - absorb colours

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5
Q

Emergency actions for toxic fumes exposure in the aircraft?

A

100% O2, emergency, connection, breathe normally, declare, descend and land ASAP, ventilate cabin

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6
Q

Describe the decibel scale

A

Modified to reflect the ears response to sound

Logarithmic

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7
Q

Define resonance

A

When a body is vibrated by another being vibrated

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8
Q

What is NIHL?

A

Noise induced hearing loss

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9
Q

What is the relationship between pressure and volume

A

Volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure

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10
Q

Why is carbon monoxide so dangerous?

A

Insidious nature

Incapacitating effects

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11
Q

What is the difference between the anatomical blind spot and the night blind spot?

A

Anatomical: no photoreceptive cells where the optic nerve leaves the eye

Night: centre of fovea has no rods, only cones. Rods have lower light stimulation threshold than cones. Must depend on rods in lower than moon light

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12
Q

Describe the two components of the vestibular system used for orientation.

A

Semicircular canals: 3 fluid filled tubes in the inner ear. Right angles. Angular acceleration.

Otolith organs: small sacs. Inner ear, nerve hair cells. Linear acceleration.

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13
Q

Which body cavities may have trapped gas problems during descent

A

Ears

Sinuses

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14
Q

4 main symptoms of motion sickness

A

Pallor
Cold sweating
Nausea
Vomiting

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15
Q

State various types of aircraft oxygen systems.

A

Gaseous, liquid, solid chemical, onboard generators

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16
Q

Define the law of gaseous diffusion

A

Gas molecules will diffuse through a permeable membrane from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

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17
Q

State the physical effects of a loss of cabin pressure.

A 
Noise 
Decrease temperature 
Misting 
Decrease visibility 
Air blast
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18
Q

What is auto kinesis?

A

Illusory movement by a static light viewed in the dark.

Example of a dot

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19
Q

Which sensory organs detect angular acceleration?

A

Semicircular canals

20
Q

State the safety rules relating to oxygen.

A

Checks for system integrity
Indications of O2 flow and content
Protection from toxic fumes
Emergency system for high altitude

21
Q

4 types of Hypoxia

A

Hypoxic
Histotoxic
Hypaenic
Stagnant

22
Q

What mechanisms does the body use to maintain 37 degrees in hot weather?

A

Thermoregulatory systems:

  • vasodilatation
  • sweating
23
Q

Exposure time for decibels

A

85 - 8

Every other halves

24
Q

State the physiological effects of a loss of cabin pressure.

A

Gas expansion
Hypoxia
DCS
Cold

25
Q

Physiological problems with vibration

A

Hard tracking of objects
Heart rate fluctuations
Increased muscle activity

26
Q

What is the cause of Permanent Threshold Shift

A

Destruction of hair cells

27
Q

Sources of vibration

A

Engines
Turbulence
High speed low level flight
High G

28
Q

What are the four types of decompression illness

A

Bends- joints
Creeps - skin
Staggers - nervous system
Chokes - respiratory

29
Q

Define Active failures

A

Errors that have immediate impact

30
Q

State the signs and symptoms of toxic fume exposure.

A

Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, confusion, disorientation, headache

Odour, eye or throat irritation

31
Q

What drugs can be used to manage fatigue?

A

Caffeine

32
Q

Define vibration

A

Oscillation of an objects velocity

33
Q

Who can TMUFF aircrew

A

Health care provider
Authorising officers
Flight commanders
Individuals

34
Q

What are the components of the shell model?

A

Software - procedures
Hardware - machine
Environment - situation
Liveware- human

35
Q

What does CREEP stand for?

A 
Container 
Restraint 
Environment 
Energy absorption 
Post crash factors and escape
36
Q

State the differences between Rods and Cones.

A

Rods: night, low illumination, imprecise movement, peripheral retina, monochromatic

Cones: day, high illumination, fine details, colour, central retina

37
Q

Define latent failures

A

Errors before the incident

38
Q

How is the deoxygenated blood returned to the heart

A

Venus system -

Cavae - one way valves
Muscular action
Reduced pressure from diaphragm

39
Q

How can aircrew protect, improve and maintain their operational night vision?

A 
Training
Clean screens 
Dark adapt 
100% O2 
Protect from light 
Scan 
Diet 
No smoke
40
Q

The false sensation of pitching is an example of what illusion?

A

Somatogravic illusion

41
Q

What is Henry’s law

A

The amount of gas dissolved in a solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas over the solution

42
Q

Which body cavities may have trapped gas problems during ascent

A

Lungs
Teeth
Gastro-intestinal tract

43
Q

Describe the Coriolanus illusion.

A

sensation of tumbling. Movement of head from plane of rotation. Conflicting information.

44
Q

State the three sensory organs used for orientation.

A

Vision
Vestibular system
Proprioceptors

45
Q

Describe the leans.

A

Semicircular canals, otolith inputs, not detected if slower 2degrees per second per second.

46
Q

List the types of aircraft pressurisation systems.

A

Low-differential systems
High-differential systems
Air conditioning

47
Q

Which sensory organs detect tilt?

A

Otolith organs

Aviation Medicine (2 decks)

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