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Earth Science > Exam 6 Pages 313-365 Ch 11-12 > Flashcards

Exam 6 Pages 313-365 Ch 11-12 Flashcards

0
Q

Flat area on the ocean bottom

A

Plain

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1
Q

A sharp drop in the sea floor beyond the Continental Shelf

A

continental slope

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2
Q

Fat-topped seamounts

A

Guyots

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3
Q

Underwater volcanic mountains

A

Seamounts

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4
Q

The type of rock usually found in the ocean basins.

A

Basalt

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5
Q

The type of rock of rock which mainly makes up the continents.

A

Granite

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6
Q

Long narrow v-shaped depressions which are the deepest part of the ocean

A

Ocean trenches

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7
Q

Largest mountain range on Earth

A

Mid-ocean ridge

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8
Q

Covers the ocean bottom and contains mineral deposits such as phosphate rock and manganese nodules

A

Sediment

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9
Q

The shallow costal waters and surface layers of deeper waters

A

Neritic province

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10
Q

The era of water at the bottom of the ocean

A

Benthos

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11
Q

Name 2 instruments used by scientists to study currents

A

Drogues; satellites

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12
Q

Tides are mainly caused by the gravitational attraction of the

A

Moon

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13
Q

Waves are caused by the gravitational attraction of the

A

Sun

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14
Q

Undersea earthquakes may set in motion giant waves called

A

Tsunamis

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15
Q

Each year waves erode about how much land from the coast of the USA?

A

1 foot

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16
Q

In the northern Hemisphere the rotation of the earth causes currents to run in which direction?

A

Clockwise

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17
Q

Name three locations in the ocean where organisms can be found living:

A

The Neritic province, benthos, deep-sea benthos

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18
Q

Plankton include microscopic animals and _.

A

Plants

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19
Q

Plant life in the ocean is important because ocean plants are producers of ocean foods and sources of

A

Oxygen

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20
Q

What was used as an aid to navigation in the 15th century?

A

The magnetic compass

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21
Q

Who asked to America in 1492

A

Christopher Columbus

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22
Q

The Nansen bottle is used to collect

A

Water samples

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23
Q

Crustal rock under the ocean is formed as basalt is pushed up from the

A

Mantle

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24
Q

The water of the oceans may have come originally from the earth’s

A

Crust

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25
Q

Limestone and diatomaceous earth are what kinds of rock on the ocean floor?

A

Sedimentary

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26
Q

Guyots are flat-topped seamounts under the sea. Are they volcanic ?

A

Yes

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27
Q

What two islands are part of the Mid-atlantic Ridge?

A

Iceland and St. Helena

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28
Q

Sulfur is mined from offshore wells by dissolving it in hot

A

Water

29
Q

Manganese nodules are formed by precipitation of dissolved

A

Minerals

30
Q

Name two other valuable metals contained in the ocean, besides cobalt, silver , and copper.

A

Gold, nickel, and silver

31
Q

What is the largest mammal that spends all of its life in water?

A

Whale

32
Q

Many fish migrate, depending on the

A

Season

33
Q

In the ocean’s food web, oysters are

A

Herbivores

34
Q

The Gulf Stream is responsible for the moderate temperatures along the coast of

A

Great Britain

35
Q

The largest 2 invertebrates on the earth are the

A

Octopi and squid

36
Q

Corals are classified as

A

Animals

37
Q

Plant life in the ocean is important, because ocean plants are sources of oxygen and producers in the ocean food _.

A

Chain

38
Q

Land usually heats up more quickly than does

A

Water

39
Q

Which absorbs heat from the sun more quickly, snow covered ground, or a field of dark boulders?

A

A field of dark boulders

40
Q

Which tends to expand and rise, WARM or COLD air

A

Warm

41
Q

What kind of front resultswhen a warm air mass pushes into a cold air mass?

A

Warm front

42
Q

What weather often accompanies cold fronts?

A

Violent thunderstorms

43
Q

What weather occurs when cool air moves out from the land over water?

A

A land breeze is created .

44
Q

Name a giant puffy cloud that generally indicates fair weather.

A

Cumulus

45
Q

The discharge of electricity between large charges which have opposite charge is called

A

Lightning

46
Q

Clouds will not form without __ in the air.

A

Moisture

47
Q

The winds of a tornado tend to be concentrated in a smaller area than the winds of a

A

Hurricane

48
Q

The pattern of temperature, wind, and precipitation for a given area is its

A

Climate

49
Q

Seaweed is a type of

A

Algae

50
Q

Do vertebrates have backbones?

A

Yes

51
Q

What causes surface waves?

A

Winds

52
Q

Are tsunamis higher or lower than average waves?

A

Higher

53
Q

Name the highest part of a wave

A

Crest

54
Q

The differences in air temperature over land and over water, and the earth’s rotation both affect the creation of

A

Wind

55
Q

These tend to be warmer in tropical regions than in polar regions. Maritime tend to be wetter than continental. What are they?

A

Air masses

56
Q

What happens when a Tropical Maritime air mass pushes up against a Polar Continental air mass?

A

Rain or snow falls

57
Q

The Earth’s rotation causes winds to move in what direction as they blow across the US?

A

West to East

58
Q

What is evidence of the direction in which winds generally blow across the US?

A

The eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains tend to get little rainfall, while the western slopes receive a lot of rain.

59
Q

At night in an area near a large body of water you would expect the air over the land to move in over the water, and create a

A

Land breeze

60
Q

Cloud formation depends on 2 factors in the air:

A

Humidity and temperature

61
Q

When cold air moves into an area the atmospheric pressure is high because

A

Cold air is denser than warm air

62
Q

A barometer is used to measure air

A

Pressure

63
Q

With lightning, the charge on the ground should be positive, and the charge in the cloud should be _.

A

Negative

64
Q

What are formed when a cold front pushes up against a warm front?

A

Thunderstorm

65
Q

List 2 precautions to take during a thunderstorm.

A

Stay indoors if possible. Stay away from trees. Avoid using telephones.

66
Q

How does a hurricane differ from a tornado?

A

The winds of a tornado are concentrated in a smaller area.

67
Q

The climate of an area is its average weather conditions over a period of

A

Time

68
Q

Compared to large land masses at the same latitude, islands tend to have more moderate climates with small variations in

A

Temperature

69
Q

Most of our water comes originally from evaporation of

A

Ocean water

Earth Science (4 decks)

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