Exam 6 module 11 pharma

Question 1

Drugs used for pH balance

Answer 1

Sodium bicarbonate
Ammonium chloride

Question 2

Treatment for alkalosis

Answer 2

Ammonium chloride (makes more acid)

Question 3

Treatment for acidosis

Answer 3

Sodium bicarbonate (Makes more basic)

Question 4

Diuretic medications

Answer 4

Furosemide
hydrochlorothiazide
mannitol
spironolactone

Question 5

Furosemide MOA, and Indication

Answer 5

Loop
edema, htn heart failure,

Question 6

Furosemide AE

Answer 6

hypokalemia, hyponatremia, ototoxicity, dizziness

Question 7

Hydrochlorozide MOA, Idication

Answer 7

thiazide
HTN, Ascites, edema, congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome

Question 8

Hydrochlorozide AE

Answer 8

hypotension, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia

Question 9

Hydrochlorozide CI

Answer 9

Sulfa allergy, gout

Question 10

Spironolactone MOA, I

Answer 10

Potassium sparring: blocks aldosterone
Congestive Heart failure, edema, ascites (cirrhosis), HTN, Nephrotic symptom

Question 11

Spironolactone CI, AE

Answer 11

Severe renal failure, pregnancy
Hyperkalemia, dehydration

Question 12

Mannitol MOA, I

Answer 12

Osmotic diuretic: pulls fluid and electrolytes into vascular system
ICP, and intraocular pressure

Question 13

Mannitol CI, AE

Answer 13

Heart failure, intracranial bleed, severe dehydration
Electrolyte abnormalities, hypovolemia

Question 14

Effects of isotonic solution

Answer 14

no shift in fluid

Question 15

Effects of hypotonic solution

Answer 15

fluid moves into cell.

Question 16

Effects of hypertonic solution

Answer 16

fluid leaves cells

Question 17

Hypotonic Iv solutions

Answer 17

D5W
0.45% (0.22%) saline

Question 18

Isotonic IV solutions

Answer 18

0.5% Normal Saline
Lactate Ringers

Question 19

Hypertonic IV solutions

Answer 19

3% Normal saline
5% Normal saline

Question 20

Sodium chloride 0.9% (Saline) I

Answer 20

Dehydration

Question 21

Sodium chloride 3% (Saline) I

Answer 21

Intracranial pressure, hyponatremia

Question 22

Sodium chloride AE

Answer 22

hypernatremia: confusion, lethargy,

Question 23

Dextrose 5% (D5W) I

Answer 23

Fluid for children

Question 24

Dextrose 50% D50W I

Answer 24

hypoglycemia

Question 25

Dextrose AE

Answer 25

Fluid overload, hyperglycemia

Question 26

Dextran 40 I and AE

Answer 26

Hypovolemia shock shortness of breath (pulmonary edema)

Question 27

Potassium chloride I and AE

Answer 27

Hypokalemia Peaked t-wave, wide QRS, Cardiac arrest when administered to fast

Question 28

Antidote for: Acetaminophen

Answer 28

actylcysteine

Question 29

Antidote for: Benzodiazepines

Answer 29

flumazenil

Question 30

Antidote for: Beta blockers

Answer 30

Glucagon

Question 31

Antidote for: Calcium channel blockers (nifedipine, amlodipine, ditiazem, verapimil)

Answer 31

Insulin (calcium)

Question 32

Antidote for: Heavy metal

Answer 32

Dimercaprol (excreted in urine and bile)

Question 33

Antidote for: Heavy metal lead in fat

Answer 33

edetate calcium disodium (forms insoluble complex)

Question 34

Antidote for: Opiods (morphine, oxy, fentanyl)

Answer 34

Naloxone