Exam 5

Question 1

Personality Disorder

Answer 1

Has to display long-term, rigid, and wide-ranging pattern of inner experience in 2 of the following: cognition, emotion, social interactions, or impulsivity
Individual’s pattern is significantly different from ones usually found in their culture
Individual experiences significant distress or impairment (or others)

Question 2

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Answer 2

A personality disorder marked by a pattern of distrust and supiciousness of others
“Odd” Personality Disorder

Treatment: Very limited effect and moves slowly, drugs are ineffective

Question 3

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Answer 3

A personality disorder featuring persistent avoidance of social relationships and little expression of emotion.
“Odd” Personality Disorder

Treatment: unlikely to come willingly, make limited progress at best, CBT is best.

“geniunely prefer to be alone”

Question 4

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Answer 4

A personality disorder characterized by extreme discomfort in close relationships, very odd patterns of thinking and perceiving, and behavioral eccentricities
“Odd” Personality Disorder

Treatment: therapy is difficult, CBT tries to show illogical thinking and build social skills, antipsychotic medicine has been effective in small doses.

“anxious around others, few friends, feel intensely lonely”

Question 5

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 5

A personality disorder marked bya general pattern of disregard for and violation of other people’s rights
“Dramatic” Personality Disorder

Treatment: typically ineffective, most come in therapy if forced to, no treatment has been found to work well, if at all.

Question 6

Borderline Personality Disorder

Answer 6

A personality disorder characterized by repeated instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood by impulsive behavior.
“Dramatic” Personality Disorder

Treatment: can lead to some degree of improvement, but it is typically difficult for therapist’s to do so, dialectical behavior therapy (group and solo sessions) has been effective.

Question 7

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Answer 7

A personality disorder characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, used to be called hysterical personality disorder
“Dramatic” Personality Disorder

Treatment: more likely to seek treatment independently, treatment is difficult, aim to help clients recognize dependency, find inner satisfaction, cope better, and become more self-reliant, drugs are ineffective.

Question 8

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Answer 8

A personality disorder marked by a broad pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy
“Dramatic” Personality Disorder

Treatment: one of the most difficult to treat, no approaches have had clear success.

Question 9

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Answer 9

A personality disorder characterized by consistent discomfort and restraint in social situations, overwhelming feelings of inadequacy, and extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation
“Anxious” Personality Disorder

Treatment: usually come in by themself, but it is hard for them to continue treatment, most models have shown some form of success.

Question 10

Dependent Personality Disorder

Answer 10

A personality disorder characterized by a pattern of clinging and obedience, fear of separation, and an ongoing need to be taken care of
“Anxious” Personality Disorder

Treatment: place all responsibility on clinician, tends to be at least modestly helpful, most models have shown to be a little successful.

Question 11

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Answer 11

A personality disorder marked by such an intense focus on orderliness, perfectionism, and control that the person loses flexibility, openness, and efficiency
“Anxious” Personality Disorder

Treatment: not likely to seek treatment, CBT and psychodynamic have been helpful, and SSRIs are helpful

Question 12

Separation Anxiety Disorder

Answer 12

A disorder marked by excessive anxiety, even panic, whenever the person is separated from home, a parent, or another attachment figure

Question 13

Selective Mutism

Answer 13

A disorder marked by a failure to speak in certain social situations whne speech is expected, despite ability to speak in other situations

Question 14

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

Answer 14

A childhood disorder marked by severe recurrent temper outbursts along with a persistent irritable or angry mood

Question 15

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Answer 15

A disorder in which children are repeatedly argumentative, defient, angry, irritable, or perhaps vidictive

Question 16

Conduct Disorder

Answer 16

A disorderin which children repeatedly violate the basic rights of others and display significant aggression

Question 17

Enuresis

Answer 17

A childhood disorder marked by repeated bed-wetting or wetting of one’s clothes
Has to be 5 or older

Question 18

Encopresis

Answer 18

A childhood disorder characterized by repeated defecating in appropriate places, such as one’s on clothing
Has to be 4 or older

Question 19

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Answer 19

A disorder marked by the inability to focus attention, or by overactive and impulsive behavior, or both

Question 20

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 20

A developmental disorder marked by extreme unresponsiveness to others, severe communication deficits, and highly repetitive and rigid behaviors, interests, and activities

Question 21

Intellectual Disability

Answer 21

A disorder marked by intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior that are well below average, previously called mental retardation

Question 22

What negative emotion do children and adolescents face?

Answer 22

Worry

Question 23

What do children and adolescents rank as a major problem they face?

Answer 23

They fear being bullied

Question 24

How do children express symptoms of anxiety?

Answer 24

o Anxiety symptoms in children usually show more in their behavior or in somatic symptoms. Anxiety in adults usually is a mental process focused on the cognitive aspect.

Question 25

Which childhood disorder is likely to develop into social anxiety disorder?

Answer 25

Selective Mutism may be an early cause of social anxiety disorder.

Question 26

What disorder was created because another disorder was being overdiagnosed in children?

Answer 26

o Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is diagnosed in children with severe outbursts of anger. This is because there was an overdiagnosis of bipolar disorder.

Question 27

Parent-Child Interactive Therapy

Answer 27

o Therapists work with the parents to establish a more positive relationship, set appropriate limits, act consistently, and establish appropriate expectations for behavior. This is commonly used to treat conduct disorder.

Question 28

Diagnosing ID

Answer 28

o IQ must be 70 or less, but there also must be difficulty in areas such as communication, home living, self-direction, work, or safety.

Question 29

What is the elderly’s biggest fear of developing?

Answer 29

Neurocognitive disorders like dementia and Alzheimer’s disorder are the biggest thing they fear developing.

Question 30

Prevalance of Depression in Elderly

Answer 30

As many as 20% of people become depressed at some point during old age. This is around the same as young adults maybe lower.

Question 31

Substance Abuse Trends Amongst Elderly

Answer 31

The rate of substance abuse disorders appears to decline after age 65, but alcohol abuse is still somewhat relevant. There is also a huge misuse of prescription drugs; at least 22% of the US nursing home population is receiving antipsychotic drugs although they are not psychotic.

Question 32

Dementia vs. Delerium

Answer 32

Delirium – Major disturbance in attention and orientation to the environment leads to misinterpretations, illusions, and on occasion hallucinations.
Dementia – The process of becoming forgetful and losing memories (look in book)

Question 33

Who is primarily responsible for the care of someone with Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 33

Almost 90% of all people with Alzheimer’s and other neurocognitive disorders are cared for by relatives.

Question 34

Tests of Insanity

Answer 34

M’Naghten Test – a legal test that holds people to be insane at the time of a crime if because of a mental disorder they did not know the nature of their act or did not know right from wrong.

Irresistible Impulse Test – A legal test that holds people to be insane at the time of a crime if they were driven by an uncontrollable “fit of passion.”

Durham Test – A legal test that holds people to be insane at the time of a crime if their act was the result of a mental disorder.
This was very flexible, but for that reason it stopped being used in 1954 in the Durham v. United States

American Law Institute Test – A legal test for insanity that holds people to be insane at the time of a crime if, because of a mental disorder, they did not know right from wrong or could not resist an uncontrollable impulse to act.
This combined aspects from the three other tests, and it is the most commonly used test today.

Question 35

Involuntary Commitment

Answer 35

It is forcing someone, usually people with mental disorders, to go to treatment either inpatient or outpatient.
The US legal system permits them if the person is dangerous to themselves or others.
This is what psychologists have to do when someone says they’re going to kill themselves.