Exam 4 Terms 2

Question 1

mouth with a ring of tentacles

Answer 1

polyp

Question 2

have nematocysts to help capture food

Answer 2

tentacles

Question 3

blind sac with longitudinal folds with enzyme secreting cells on free edge

Answer 3

gastrovascular cavity

Question 4

can be extended out of the mouth or through temporary holes in the body wall for extra enteric digestion which is used in defense

Answer 4

mesenteric filaments

Question 5

calcium carbonate cup with septa secreted by polyps (coral rock)

Answer 5

calyx

Question 6

dinoflagellate photosynthesis to produce ___ and ___ which is diffused into the polyp

Answer 6

organic matter oxygen

Question 7

the polyp respires the oxygen and take organic matter to produce ___, ___, and nutrients which is diffused into the dinoflagellate

Answer 7

CO2 H2O

Question 8

asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies

Answer 8

binary fission

Question 9

internal fertilization where sperm released and drawn into female polyps by ciliary currents and then larva is released by polyp

Answer 9

brooder

Question 10

___ spawning happens after the hornets month of the year, the night just after full moon

Answer 10

mass

Question 11

mound shapes, irregular, grows 1 cm/year which is considered slow growth

Answer 11

massive corals

Question 12

grows 10 cm per year, linear growth allows to spread rapidly, fragmentation due to storms allows new colonies to start

Answer 12

branching and columnar corals

Question 13

reefs next to shore, immediate subtidlaa
ex.) Elliot Island, Queensland

Answer 13

fringing reef

Question 14

reef separated from shore by lagoon
ex.) Belize

Answer 14

barrier reef

Question 15

horseshoe or ring-shaped reef such as in the Rangiroa Atoll

Answer 15

Atolls

Question 16

CO2 dissolves in seawater and forms ___ (HCO3) and ____.

Answer 16

carbonic acid hydrogen ions

Question 17

H+ combines with ____ (CO32-) to form _____ (HCO3-)

Answer 17

carbonate ions bicarbonate

Question 18

a bacterial infection that causes rapid tissue loss and leaves exoskeleton exposed

Answer 18

white plague disease

Question 19

corals nonresistant to white plague disease

Answer 19

elkhorn and staghorn

Question 20

shells of phytoplankton and zooplankton with little organic matter

Answer 20

biogenic sediments

Question 21

dissolved organic matter and gelatinous zooplankton material

Answer 21

marine snow

Question 22

chemosynthesis generates ___ which are metabolized to generate ATP

Answer 22

carbohydrates

Question 23

While abyssal plains have ___ bottoms hydrothermal vents have ___ bottoms

Answer 23

soft hard

Question 24

in ____ invertebrates are generally echinoderms, sponges, and arthropods, mostly deposit eeders

Answer 24

abyssal plain

Question 25

in ____ generally hvave giant tube worms, mollusks, arthropods, gutless bacteria, most are scavengers, filter feeders, symbionts

Answer 25

hydrothermal vents