Exam 4 Review Sheet Flashcards
What ruling guaranteed the right to legal representation when questioning shifts from investigative to accusatory?
Escobedo v Illinois
This ruling established the right to counsel during critical stages of police interrogation.
What refers to the procedural safeguards guaranteed to those who would be deprived of life, liberty, or property due to criminal accusations?
due process
Due process is a fundamental legal principle that ensures fair treatment through the judicial system.
Which Supreme Court decision mandated the right to counsel for those accused of a criminal act?
Powell v Alabama
This case was pivotal in establishing the right to legal representation in capital cases.
The manner in which a law is carried out is known as?
procedural due process
Procedural due process focuses on the procedures followed in legal processes.
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that all individuals charged with a criminal felony offense have the right to legal representation?
Gideon v Wainwright
This ruling extended the right to counsel to all felony cases, not just capital ones.
What term describes racism based on the belief that one group is superior to others?
superior/inferior
This concept reflects systemic and cultural beliefs about racial superiority.
What act authorized federally appointed voter referees to conduct voter registration drives in areas with histories of voter fraud?
Voting Rights Act
This act aimed to eliminate barriers to voting for African Americans.
What is the feeling of becoming a member of the new minority as the existing minority becomes a majority called?
white fear
This term describes anxieties faced by white individuals as demographics shift.
Which case reversed the Plessy v Ferguson decision in 1954?
Brown v Board of Education
This landmark decision declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
In which case did the Supreme Court recognize the right of women to serve on juries?
Taylor v Louisiana
This ruling emphasized gender equality in jury service.
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that burning draft cards was illegal?
United States v O’Brien
This case addressed the limits of free speech in relation to draft card burning.
Which case upheld the concept of ‘no prior restraint’ of the print media?
Near v Minnesota
This ruling protected the freedom of the press from prior restraint by the government.
What term describes the belief that it was the destiny of the Anglo-American culture to own all land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans?
Manifest Destiny
This ideology justified westward expansion in the 19th century.
Which program brought Mexican nationals to the U.S. as workers in 1942?
Bracero Program
This program was designed to address labor shortages during World War II.
What term describes sexually explicit material that is deemed patently offensive and lacks artistic value?
obscenity
Obscenity laws regulate material that does not contribute socially or artistically.
