Exam 4 [Quiz Questions] Flashcards
The word that means an increase in reduced hemoglobin above 5gm/dl is:
Cyanosis
The most likely outcome in a case of primary tuberculosis is which of the following?
Resolution with Dystrophic Calcification
Which of the following is the mechanism by which there is collapse of the right middle lobe due to obstruction of the bronchus by enlarged hilar lymph nodes involved with cancer?
Resorption Atelectasis
A full term neonate who is apparently normal at birth is found to develop vomiting along with symptoms of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome a few hours after birth. On questioning it was discovered that this occurred soon after the baby had ingested breast milk for the first time. Based on this information, what is the most probable diagnosis in this infant?
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Which of the following is most likely associated with viral pneumonia?
Interstitial Pneumonia
The Ghon Focus is associated with a pulmonary infection whose etiology is a:
Mycobacterium Species
(Mycobacterium Tuberculosis)
Which of the following is associated with obstructive pulmonary disease?
The FEV1/FVC ratio is less than 75%
Which of these comes first in the progression of an uncomplicated and untreated case of lobar pneumonia?
Congestion and Consolidation
The most common cause of a community acquired pneumonia is:
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Which of the following is the word that means collapse of a lung?
Atelectasis
The most common vessel involved in a myocardial infarction is the anterior descending branch
of the left coronary artery. (T/F)
True
Acute cor pulmonale is associated with right ventricular hypertrophy. (T/F)
True
A myocardial infarction can lead to liquefaction necrosis 4-6 days following a myocardial infarction. (T/F)
False (within 24 hours)
Typical Angina pectoris presents with pain at rest, and is relieved with vasodilators. (T/F)
False
A water-hammer pulse is associated with aortic regurgitation. (T/F)
True
Troponin levels are the first enzymatic proteins to increase in a myocardial infarction. (T/F)
True
Most common complication of Rheumatic Heart Disease is mitral stenosis. (T/F)
False (MC complication is Bacterial Endocarditis)
The most common cause of left ventricular failure is right ventricular failure. (T/F)
False
Angina pectoris prinzmetal type is associated with atherosclerosis. (T/F)
False
Rheumatic fever develops during an active case of streptococcal pharyngitis. (T/F)
False (occurs 2-6 weeks after streptococcal pharyngitis)
Most common cause of secondary hypertension is renal failure. (T/F)
True
Benign hypertension is a diastolic pressure greater than 120mm Hg. (T/F)
False
up to 40% of patients diagnosed with Polyarteritis nodosa test positive for exposure to
Hepatitis A. (T/F)
False (Hep B not Hep A)
Cystic medial necrosis is often associated w/ Marfan syndrome. (T/F)
True
Cotton wool spots on the retina are commonly seen in patients with acute hypertension. (T/F)
True (either acute or chronic, not sure which one)
Which one of the bacterial etiologies is associated with the term “walking pneumonia”?
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
Pulmonary embolism is MOST likely to result in which of the following conditions?
Cor Pulmonale
Restrictive pulmonary disease is associated an FEV1 /FVC ratio that is greater than 75%, but FVC is reduced. (T/F)
True
Which of the following is the word that means painful swallowing”?
Odynophagia
The most probable outcome of pneumococcal pneumonia is complete resolution. (T/F)
True
Intrinsic asthma is an IgE mediated form of acute respiratory failure seen primarily in children. (T/F)
False
Anthracosis is associated with which of the following accumulating in the lungs?
Coal Dust
Chronic atrophic gastritis is an autoimmune disorder of the stomach that can lead to the deficiency of intrinsic factor and eventually to pernicious anemia. (T/F)
True
The most common type of pneumoconiosis seen in the industrial world in those that deal primarily with sandblasting is called silicosis. (T/F)
True
The most common form of esophageal cancer is Squamous Cell Carcinoma. (T/F)
False
Which of the following is the type of effusion that is due to damage of the thoracic duct?
Chylothorax
The most common cause of chronic bronchitis is most likely a viral infection. (T/F)
False
Centrilobular emphysema is caused by which of the following?
Cigarette Smoking
The organism that is the most common cause of lobar pneumonia is:
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
The word that means “dry mouth” is which of the following?
Xerostomia
The lung condition that produces the clinical picture known as the “Pink Puffer”.
Emphysema
The overall most common site for a benign peptic ulcer is the lesser curvature of the stomach. (T/F)
False
Microatelectasis is most often associated with some form of bronchial obstruction. (T/F)
False
Chronic Bronchitis is a type of primary viral pulmonary infection that the host immune
system produces antibodies to eventually eliminate the viral infection. (T/F)
False
Anthracosis is a form of organic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis. (T/F)
False (Inorganic/Pneumoconiosis Pneumontitis)
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is associated with a decrease in the FVC. (T/F)
False (Restrictive)
Sarcoidosis is a form of Obstructive Pulmonary Disease resulting in a decrease of
Forced Expiratory Volume. (T/F)
False
Emphysema is defined as a permanent dilation of air spaces proximal to the terminal bronchioles. (T/F)
False (Distal)
Hypoalbuminemia is a common cause of decreased oncotic pressure and dependent
edema. (T/F)
True
Tracheoesophageal Fistula is the most common congenital lesion associated with the
respiratory tract. (T/F)
True
Interstitial pneumonia is most associated with bacterial infections such as pneumococcal
pneumonia. (T/F)
False (viral infections)
Intrinsic asthma is complicated by an increase in IgE. (T/F)
False
A Meckel’s Diverticulum is an example of a true diverticulum because it involves all 3 layers of
the intestinal wall, including mucosa, submucosa, and muscle layers. (T/F)
True
The most common form of emphysema in a smoker would be:
Centriacinar
Barrett’s esophagus is a condition that if left untreated can lead to Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the esophagus. (T/F)
False
Herpangina which causes hand, foot, and mouth disease is associated with a herpes virus. (T/F)
False
Viral pneumonias are overall the most common causes of a lobar pneumonia. (T/F)
False
Tropical Sprue is a malabsorption disorder associated with a hypersensitivity to gluten that produces total villous atrophy. (T/F)
False
The most common site for the development of a hernia in females is the femoral triangle. (T/F)
True
Ulcerative Colitis is a form of Inflammatory Bowel Disease that demonstrates transmural skip lesions. (T/F)
False
Scarlet fever is a complication of Rheumatic fever and eventually Rheumatic Heart Disease. (T/F)
False
Which of the following is a bacterial infection that is characterized by pus that contains yellow colonies of bacteria known as “sulfur” granules?
Actinomycosis
The most common form of emphysema in a smoker would be:
Centriacinar
The infection of the intestine that produces its effects due to production of an enterotoxin that activates adenylate Cyclades and produces a watery diarrhea often characterized as “rice water” stools?
Cholera
Which of the following produces reflux esophagitis?
Sliding Hiatus hernia
The disease that is produced by an organism that invades into the intestinal crypts and undermines the mucosa from below producing “flask shaped” ulcers in the colon is:
Amoebic Dysentery
What is the bacterial infection that is characterized by pus that contains yellow colonies of bacteria known as “sulfur” granules?
Actinomycosis
Which of the following is NOT seen in Crohn’s disease?
A. Mucosa shows development of non-Granulomatous lesions
B. Affects any part of the GI tract
C. Cobble-stoned appearance of the mucosa
D. Potential pre-malignant condition
E. Produces “skip lesions”
A. Mucosa shows development of Non-Granulomatous Lesions
Congenital condition of the intestine that can be characterized by being present in 2% of the population, 2 inches long and within 2 feet of the ileocecal valve?
Meckel’s Diverticulum
What is usually associated with a benign ulcer of the stomach?
Lesser curvature of the stomach
An infant who is being weaned is crying incessantly and is also vomiting. Questioning of the mother that it is passing “red currant jelly” stools. On palpation, a sausage-shaped mass may be felt in the right iliac fossa. Diagnosis?
Intussusception
Type of infection that usually occurs as an epidemic that involves the small airways of the lungs, is most often seen in young children and caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus?
Acute Bronchiolitis
