Exam 4 physio

Question 1

Body water content is greatest in?

Answer 1

infants

Question 2

Potassium, Magnesium, and phosphate ions are the predominant electrolyte’s in?

Answer 2

intracellular fluid

Question 3

Sodium balance is regulated primarily by control of amounts?

Answer 3

excreted in urine

Question 4

Water imbalance is regulated by control of amounts?

Answer 4

excreted in urine and ingested

Question 5

In individual with a metabolic acidosis a clue that the respiratory system is compensating is provided by?

Answer 5

rapid deep breathing

Question 6

What change in plasma is most important in triggering thirst?

Answer 6

an increase in osmolality of the plasma

Question 7

Lack of potassium could lead to what problem in the heart?

Answer 7

Arrhythmia, cardiac arrest

Question 8

What sodium level is considered hyponatremia?

Answer 8

<135

Question 9

What is hyponatremia?

Answer 9

a condition where the sodium level in the blood is abnormally low

Question 10

What is the level for hypokalemia?

Answer 10

<3.5 mEq/L

Question 11

What is treatment for hypokalemia?

Answer 11

Potassium diet, Potassium Chloride

Question 12

What is hypercalcemia?

Answer 12

High Calcium

Question 13

What symptom’s does hypercalcemia cause?

Answer 13

Cardiovascular changes(dysrhythmias)

Question 14

What is the normal range for magnesium?

Answer 14

1.35-2.5 mg/dL

Question 15

What are the symptoms for hypomagnesemia?

Answer 15

neuromuscular excitability (convulsions), muscle weakness

Question 16

Are the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and parathyroid gland endocrine or exocrine?

Answer 16

Endocrine

Question 17

Which gland is a hybrid gland?

Answer 17

Pancreas, Gonads

Question 18

The hypothalamus is what kind of gland?

Answer 18

Neuroendocrine gland

Question 19

Hormones speed of transmission is slower compared to the nervous system action.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Hormones are more systemic compared to more local effects of the nervous system neurotansmissions.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

There are 3 types of stimuli causing a release of hormone’s name them?

Answer 21

1. Humoral
2. Hormonal
3. Neural

Question 22

The hypothalamus contains neurons that receive input from the CNS. It works with the _______ gland, the “master gland” to stimulate or inhibit its release of hormone’s.

Answer 22

• Pituitary

Question 23

Which gland produces antidiuretic hormone?

Answer 23

-Posterior Pituitary

Question 24

Name 2 hormones that are released by anterior pituitary?

Answer 24

-TSH
-LH - Growth Hormone
-FSH -Prolactin

Question 25

Kidneys regulate and filter waste from blood.

Answer 25

ture

Question 26

Control blood pressure and fluid volume throughout the ______ system.

Answer 26

renin angiotensin

Question 27

Name 2 functions of the Kidney

Answer 27

Produce erythropoietin Convert VitaminD into active form

Question 28

In glomerular filtration blood is filtered by what kind of Pressure?

Answer 28

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 29

Hydrostatic pressure is defined as?

Answer 29

The pressure excreted by a fluid at rest due to force of gravity

Question 30

Glomerular filtration rate follows the rate of filtered fluid through the kidney?

Answer 30

a passive process that does not require metabolic energy

Question 31

Glomerular filtration rate is proportional to?

Answer 31

1. Net filtration pressure 2. Total surface area 3. filtration membrane premeability

Question 32

What is glomerulonephritis?

Answer 32

kidney becomes inflamed or damaged, inflammation affects kidneys ability to remove waste, excess water, and electrolytes in blood

Question 33

What causes glomerulonephritis?

Answer 33

infection, autoimmune disorder, genetic condition

Question 34

What albumin? What does it suggest in urine?

Answer 34

Major protein in blood abnormal finding suggesting potential kidney damage or other health issues