Exam 4 - Peds Flashcards
what is the blood shift with increased pulmonary blood flow?
blood shifts L to R
from high to low pressure
with increased pulmonary blood flow, what would you see manifest in the lungs?
pulmonary edema
what are the 3 types of increased pulmonary blood flow?
- ventricular septal defect
- atrial septal defect
- patent ductus arteriosis
type of heart defect:
hole between R + L atria
atrial septal defect
type of heart defect:
hole between R + L ventricle
ventricular septal defect
ventricular septal defect murmur is best heart where?
L sternal border
which heart defects have a loud + harsh murmur?
atrial septal defect + ventricular septal defect
type of heart defect:
duct between pulmonary artery + aorta doesn’t close @ birth
patent ductus arteriosis
which heart defect murmur sounds like a machine hum?
patent ductus arteriosis
what medication can be given to treat patent ductus arteriosis?
indomethacin (constricts the duct)
this class of defect is defined as blood exiting heart meets narrowed area
obstruction to blood flow
with obstruction to blood flow defects, pressure is increased or decreased BEFORE the obstruction?
increased
with obstruction to blood flow defects, pressure is increased or decreased AFTER the obstruction?
decreased
obstruction to blood flow defects lead to what? (r/t cardiac fxn)
decreased CO
usual tx for obstruction to blood flow defects
cardiac cath - balloon angioplasty
type of heart defect:
narrowing of aortic valve (harder to get blood out to systemic circulation)
aortic stenosis
type of heart defect:
narrowing of pulmonary valve/artery
pulmonary stenosis
s+s of aortic stenosis (6)
think of patho…
- HF
- faint pulses
- hypotension
- tachycardia
- poor feeding (infants)
- exercise intolerance + dizziness (kiddos)
all from not getting enough blood/O2 to system
pulmonary stenosis causes an obstruction of blood flow from the R ventricle into the pulmonary system, which can lead to what happening with the R ventricle?
cardiomegaly - b/c of increased work of heart
pulmonary stenosis can cause which respiratory S+S?
cyanosis w/activity
type of heart defect:
narrowing of lumen of aorta
Coarctation of the aorta
s+s of coarctation of the aorta (5)
- nosebleed
- HF
- elevated BP/pulse in UE
- decreased/cool skin in LE
- leg cramps w/activity (not getting enough blood)
what is the blood shift with decreased pulmonary blood flow?
R to L shift
deoxygenated blood into systemic circulation b/c not reaching lungs
what are the 3 types of obstruction to blood flow defects?
- aortic stenosis
- pulmonary stenosis
- coarctation of the aorta