Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Medicine II > Exam 4; Neurology > Flashcards

Exam 4; Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

CNS neoplasms are often diagnosed via

A

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tx of Glioblastoma

A

1) RADIATION

2) Surgical decompression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epilepsy is best dx by

A

medical history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tx of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

A

Anticonvulsants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tx of adult onset seizure

A

Anticonvulsants is first line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MC early manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome is

A

a tremor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

medical emergency in which a pt is having continuous seizures that do not permit the pt to regain consciousness between them

A

Status Epilepticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tx of Status Epilepticus

A
  1. Diazepam 5-10mg IV q5-10mins until seizure stops OR until 20mg IV have been given
    IF pt is still seizing 2) give loading dose of phenytoin 15-20mg/kg dose x 1; may give another 10mg/kg after 20 mins
    IF STILL SEIZING: 3) MUST Intubate and give phenobarbital
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Wernicke’s encephalopathy TRIAD is

A
  • Ocular disorders
  • Ataxic gait
  • Mental status changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tx of Wenicke’s encephalopathy

A

Thiamine 250mg-500mg IV TID x 3 days
Then 250mg IM or IV QD x 5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tx of Korsakoff’s pyschosis

A

Thiamine 250mg-500mg IV TID x 3 days
Then 250mg IM or IV QD x 5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tx of Polyneuropathy

A

Daily B vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Asterixis is a sign of

A

Hepatic Encephalopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tx of vasovagal rx

A

Reverse trendelenburg position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the four major neurological symptoms of Parkinson’s disease

A

(TRAP)
- T = Tremor (resting)
- R = Rigidity (cogwheel)
- A = Akinesia (bradykinesia)
- P = Postural instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

repetitive purposeless movements such as tongue rolling, lip smacking, or the tongue protruding from lips are all signs of

A

Tardive dyskinesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tx of restless leg syndrome

A

Dopamine agonists (Pramipexol or Ropinirole)
and Iron replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Tx of benign essential tremor

A

Beta blocker: Propranolol 120 mg day divided BID or TID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Benign essential tremor is most common in

A

The hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tx of tardive dyskinesia

A
  • Stop the offending medication
  • Tetrabenazine (depletes dopamine/serotonin)
21
Q

Tardive dyskinesia is MC caused by

A

MC a side effect of neuroleptic agents - Antipsychotic meds!

22
Q

First line Tx of Parkinson’s disease

A

Selective MAO-B inhibitors (first line bc they have very little side effects)

23
Q

Best drug to Tx Parkinson’s but is not first line due to many side effects is

A

Levodopa

24
Q

Choreiform movements, psychiatric problems (personality changes/aggression/depression), and dementia suggests

A

Huntington’s disease

25
Q

Dx of Huntington’s disease is

A

Confirmed via genetic testing IT15 gene

26
Q

Tx of Huntington’s disease if 1) it is interfering with function and 2) THERE IS depression, agitation, or psychosis present …

A

2nd gen antipsychotics

27
Q

Tx of Huntington’s disease if 1) it is interfering with function and 2) WITHOUT the presence of depression, agitation, or psychosis …

A

VMAT inhibitor

28
Q

Painless and progressive weakness makes you think of what condition?

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) aka Lou Gehrig’s disease

29
Q

What neurological functions are SPARED in ALS?

A
  • Mentation (Mental status)
  • EOMs
  • Sensation
  • Bowel/bladder function
30
Q

ALS tx

A

Slow progression = Riluzole
Another med in trials currently = Edararone

31
Q

How is Bell’s palsy differentiated from Herpes zoster optics OR stroke?

A

Bell’s palsy - CANNOT close eye or wrinkle forehead
Herpes zoster oticus - Ear pain and herpetic rash on the external ear
Stroke - CENTRAL facial weakness and SPARES the forehead and eye closure

32
Q

Excessive daytime sleepiness

A

Hypersomnia

33
Q

Inability to fall or remain asleep (Worsening quality NOT volume of sleep)

A

Insomnia

34
Q

Insomnia is dx by

A

Sleep studies and an interview

35
Q

First line tx for insomnia is

A

Cognitive behavioral therapy

36
Q

Undesirable behavior patterns associated with sleep (sleep walking/night terrors/ or bed wetting)

A

Parasomnias

37
Q

Collapse of the upper airway that results in low O2 levels leading to frequent awakenings and poor sleep is

A

Obstructive sleep apnea

38
Q

Dx of Obstructive sleep apnea

A

Polysomnography

39
Q

Tx of Obstructive sleep apnea

A

CPAP machine or surgery

40
Q

SUDDEN onset of REM sleep at any time and could have triggers such as laughing, crying, or anger

A

Narcolepsy

41
Q

Dx of narcolepsy is

A
  • Polysomnography to R/O other causes
  • Multiple sleep latency test: MSLT testing
42
Q

UMN lesions especially in the LOWER EXTREMITES (spastic paresis, hyper flexion, clonus, and + babinski) is a hallmark of what condition?

A

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

43
Q

Dx of multiple sclerosis

A
  • MRI = White matter plaques*
  • CSF findings = Oligoclonal bands*
44
Q

Type of MS: episodes of acute worsening with recovery and a stable course between relapses

A

Relapsing-remitting

45
Q

Type of MS: Gradual, nearly continuous neurological deterioration from the onset of Sx

A

Primary-Progressive

46
Q

Type of MS: Gradual neurologic deterioration. With or without superimposed acute relapses in pt who previously had relapsing-remitting MS

A

Secondary-progressive

47
Q

Type of MS: Gradual neurologic deterioration from onset of sx, but with subsequent superimposed relapses

A

Progressive-relapsing

48
Q

To definitively dx MS one must have:

A
  • Evidence of 2 inflammatory demyelinating lesions referable to different locations in the CNS occurring at DIFFERENT times (usually >1 mo)
49
Q

Weakness due to MS can be tx with

A

Potassium channel blockers

Clinical Medicine II (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions