Exam 4 Meds Flashcards
Side effects of Mg antacids
Diarrhea
Renal failure
Mg+ toxicity
(No constipation)
Side effects of Al antacids
Constipation
Low phosphorous
Side effects of CaCO3 antacids
Constipation
Side effects of NaHCO3 antacids
Fluid retention
Alkalosis
Constipation
Use of Famotidine (Pepcid)
PUD
GERD
H Pylori ulcers
Function of Famotidine (Pepcid)
H2 antagonist
Blocks histamine receptor in parietal cells, which decreases gastric acid secretion
Side effects of Famotidine (Pepcid)
Confusion, dizziness (elderly), diarrhea
Nursing considerations for Famotidine (Pepcid) and pt teaching
Monitor for bleeding
Avoid smoking, aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol
Function of pantoprazole (Protonix)
PPI
Irreversible inhibition of enzyme producing gastric acid
Suppresses gastric acid production
Side effects of pantoprazole (Protonix)
HA
Dizziness
Diarrhea
Decreased Ca+ absorption = bone fracture if long term tx
Thrombophlebitis at IV site
Pt teaching for pantoprazole (Protonix)
Avoid smoking, aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol
use of pantoprazole (Protonix)
PUD
GERD
Uses for Metoclopramide (Reglan)
GERD
Diabetic gastroparesis
Post-op motility
Function of Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Promote gastric emptying
Reduce risk of gastric acid reflux
Increased GI motility
Increases esophageal sphincter tone
Side effects of Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Tardive dyskinesia
Sedation
Diarrhea
Hypoglycemia
Contraindicated in GI obstruction or perforation
Use of misoprostol (Cytotec)
Prevent PUD in long term NSAID administration (ex: RA)
Acts as prostaglandin in GI tract to increase protective mucosal barrier of gastric lining
Side effect and nursing consideration for misoprostol (Cytotec)
Diarrhea (avoid mg containing antacids)
Take with meals and at hour of sleep
Use for Sucralfate (Carafate)
Duodenal ulcers
Function of sucralfate (Carafate)
Forms viscous sticky gel that adheres to ulcer crater, creating a protein barrier
Lasts up to 6 hrs
Nursing considerations for Sucralfate (Carafate)
Can cause constipation
Decreases absorption of digoxin, warfarin, phenytoin
Increase fluids and fiber
Give 1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals
Abortive medications for migraines
Aspirin, tylenol, NSAIDs
Triptans: Sumatriptan (Imitrex)
Function of Tripathi s
Vasoconstriction
Meds to prevent migraines
NSAIDs
Beta blockers: Propanolol (Inderal)
Antiepileptic drugs: Topiramate (Topamax)
Antidepressants: Amitriptyline
Monoclonal antibodies: Erenumab
CCBs
Treatment for cluster headaches
100% O2 for 12-15 min
Triptans
Preventive meds for cluster headaches
CCBs: Verapamil
Corticosteroids: prednisone
Monoclonal antibodies
Vagus nerve stimulation
Meds for MS
Immunomodulators:
Interferon Beta 1A: Avonex (IM weekly)
Interferon Beta 1B: Betaseron (SQ every other week)
Glatiramer (Copaxone)
Fingolimod (Gilenya)
Drugs used for MS Flares
Steroids (decrease edema and inflammatory response):
Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol) (IV)
Muscle relaxants (to decrease muscle spasticity):
Baclofen (Lioresal)
What is sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) used for?
Achieving and maintaining remission and preventing flare ups of IBD
Nursing considerations for Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
Cannot be allergic to aspirin or sulfa drugs
Need daily folic acid suppliments
What is Mesalamine (Pentasal)?
Used for IBD, does not contain sulfa
Most effective for UC but used to treat both
Administered orally and rectally
What is the corticosteroid Methylprednisolone (SoluMedrol) used for?
In the hospital for IBD during acute flare ups and to achieve remission
Decrease inflammation
Routes and side effects of Methylprednisolone
Administered orally, rectally, or IV
Decreases Ca+, K+ and many more
Used only short term due to SE
Major side effect of monoclonal antibodies (mab) drugs
Can cause flu like symptoms and infusion reactions
Ages for colorectal screenings
Screenings from age 45-75
Colonoscopy: every 10 years
Flexible sigmoidoscopy: every 5 years
Double contrast barium enema: every 5 years
CT colonography: every 5 years
(Need more frequent if first degree relative with CRC before age 60, or two first degree relatives with CRC)
Medications for intestinal obstruction
Broad spectrum antibiotics
Medications for hemorrhoids
Bulk laxatives
Topical anesthetics
(Avoid stimulant laxatives (Dulcolax)
What is Creon, pancrease used for?
Enzymes given for chronic pancreatitis that contains amylase, lipase, and trypsin
Nursing considerations for Creon, Pancrease
*Must give with food, cannot give if pt cannot eat
Monitor glucose levels
No alcohol
Meds for acute gout
Colchicine
NDAIDs (no aspirin)
Corticosteroids
Meds for chronic gout
Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
Probenecid (Benemid)
Nursing considerations for colchicine
Take until inflammation subsides
Can cause severe diarrhea
Take at first sign of attack
Administer with food
Meds for stage 3 of Lyme disease
Antibiotics:
Oral doxycycline or amoxicillin (early)
Rocephin and penicillin G IV (late)
What is antimalarial (Plaquenil) used for
SLE (Lupus)
Medications used to manage SLE (Lupus)
NSAIDs
Corticosteroids
Antimalarial (Plaquenil)
Immunosuppressants (methotrexate)
