Exam 4 Meds Flashcards by Katy Peterson

Side effects of Mg antacids

Diarrhea
Renal failure
Mg+ toxicity
(No constipation)

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Side effects of Al antacids

Constipation
Low phosphorous

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Side effects of CaCO3 antacids

Constipation

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Side effects of NaHCO3 antacids

Fluid retention
Alkalosis
Constipation

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Use of Famotidine (Pepcid)

PUD
GERD
H Pylori ulcers

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Function of Famotidine (Pepcid)

H2 antagonist
Blocks histamine receptor in parietal cells, which decreases gastric acid secretion

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Side effects of Famotidine (Pepcid)

Confusion, dizziness (elderly), diarrhea

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Nursing considerations for Famotidine (Pepcid) and pt teaching

Monitor for bleeding
Avoid smoking, aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol

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Function of pantoprazole (Protonix)

PPI
Irreversible inhibition of enzyme producing gastric acid
Suppresses gastric acid production

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Side effects of pantoprazole (Protonix)

HA
Dizziness
Diarrhea
Decreased Ca+ absorption = bone fracture if long term tx
Thrombophlebitis at IV site

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Pt teaching for pantoprazole (Protonix)

Avoid smoking, aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol

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use of pantoprazole (Protonix)

PUD
GERD

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Uses for Metoclopramide (Reglan)

GERD
Diabetic gastroparesis
Post-op motility

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Function of Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Promote gastric emptying
Reduce risk of gastric acid reflux
Increased GI motility
Increases esophageal sphincter tone

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Side effects of Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Tardive dyskinesia
Sedation
Diarrhea
Hypoglycemia
Contraindicated in GI obstruction or perforation

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Use of misoprostol (Cytotec)

Prevent PUD in long term NSAID administration (ex: RA)
Acts as prostaglandin in GI tract to increase protective mucosal barrier of gastric lining

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Side effect and nursing consideration for misoprostol (Cytotec)

Diarrhea (avoid mg containing antacids)
Take with meals and at hour of sleep

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Use for Sucralfate (Carafate)

Duodenal ulcers

Function of sucralfate (Carafate)

Forms viscous sticky gel that adheres to ulcer crater, creating a protein barrier
Lasts up to 6 hrs

Nursing considerations for Sucralfate (Carafate)

Can cause constipation
Decreases absorption of digoxin, warfarin, phenytoin
Increase fluids and fiber
Give 1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals

Abortive medications for migraines

Aspirin, tylenol, NSAIDs
Triptans: Sumatriptan (Imitrex)

Function of Tripathi s

Vasoconstriction

Meds to prevent migraines

NSAIDs
Beta blockers: Propanolol (Inderal)
Antiepileptic drugs: Topiramate (Topamax)
Antidepressants: Amitriptyline
Monoclonal antibodies: Erenumab
CCBs

Treatment for cluster headaches

100% O2 for 12-15 min
Triptans

Preventive meds for cluster headaches

CCBs: Verapamil Corticosteroids: prednisone Monoclonal antibodies Vagus nerve stimulation

Meds for MS

Immunomodulators: Interferon Beta 1A: Avonex (IM weekly) Interferon Beta 1B: Betaseron (SQ every other week) Glatiramer (Copaxone) Fingolimod (Gilenya)

Drugs used for MS Flares

Steroids (decrease edema and inflammatory response): Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol) (IV) Muscle relaxants (to decrease muscle spasticity): Baclofen (Lioresal)

What is sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) used for?

Achieving and maintaining remission and preventing flare ups of IBD

Nursing considerations for Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)

Cannot be allergic to aspirin or sulfa drugs Need daily folic acid suppliments

What is Mesalamine (Pentasal)?

Used for IBD, does not contain sulfa Most effective for UC but used to treat both Administered orally and rectally

What is the corticosteroid Methylprednisolone (SoluMedrol) used for?

In the hospital for IBD during acute flare ups and to achieve remission Decrease inflammation

Routes and side effects of Methylprednisolone

Administered orally, rectally, or IV Decreases Ca+, K+ and many more Used only short term due to SE

Major side effect of monoclonal antibodies (mab) drugs

Can cause flu like symptoms and infusion reactions

Ages for colorectal screenings

Screenings from age 45-75 Colonoscopy: every 10 years Flexible sigmoidoscopy: every 5 years Double contrast barium enema: every 5 years CT colonography: every 5 years (Need more frequent if first degree relative with CRC before age 60, or two first degree relatives with CRC)

Medications for intestinal obstruction

Broad spectrum antibiotics

Medications for hemorrhoids

Bulk laxatives Topical anesthetics (Avoid stimulant laxatives (Dulcolax)

What is Creon, pancrease used for?

Enzymes given for chronic pancreatitis that contains amylase, lipase, and trypsin

Nursing considerations for Creon, Pancrease

*Must give with food, cannot give if pt cannot eat Monitor glucose levels No alcohol

Meds for acute gout

Colchicine NDAIDs (no aspirin) Corticosteroids

Meds for chronic gout

Allopurinol (Zyloprim) Probenecid (Benemid)

Nursing considerations for colchicine

Take until inflammation subsides Can cause severe diarrhea Take at first sign of attack Administer with food

Meds for stage 3 of Lyme disease

Antibiotics: Oral doxycycline or amoxicillin (early) Rocephin and penicillin G IV (late)

What is antimalarial (Plaquenil) used for

SLE (Lupus)

Medications used to manage SLE (Lupus)

NSAIDs Corticosteroids Antimalarial (Plaquenil) Immunosuppressants (methotrexate)