Exam 4- htn

Question 1

the amount of blood pumped in one minute is

Answer 1

cardiac output

Question 2

a BP is 140/90 what is this defined as?

Answer 2

hypertension

Question 3

what are the major risk factors for patients with hypertension?

Answer 3

• age over 60
• hyperlipidemia
• inactive lifestyle

Question 4

this is not related to another disease or condition

Answer 4

primary hypertension

Question 5

this is a result of other disorders or conditions

Answer 5

secondary hypertension

Question 6

estrogen, steroids, and nasal decongestants can cause

Answer 6

hypertension

Question 7

what does sustained HTN do to the blood vessels?

Answer 7

the growth of the muscle cells (hypertrophy) it can enlarge an organ by an increase in the reproduction rate of cells (hyperplasia)

Question 8

what can be a silent killer in patients?

Answer 8

hypertension

Question 9

what doesn’t usually show symptoms until later when its been happen for too long?

Answer 9

hypertension

Question 10

what is one thing we need to educate to our patient about there hypertension that they need to do yearly

Answer 10

annual check up

Question 11

this is sustained hypertension

Answer 11

complicated hypertension

Question 12

what are the two main tissue damages in complicated HTN?

Answer 12

ischemia and edema

Question 13

what is something we can education to the patient with hypertension so they feel involved in there care?

Answer 13

take BP 3x a day and keep it in a log

Question 14

what is the main treatment goals for hypertension?

Answer 14

focus on systolic reading

Question 15

what kind of diet do we educate to a client with hypertension?

Answer 15

dash diet - veggies, fruits and whole grains

Question 16

what are the treatment options a patient who has HTN can follow?

Answer 16

• dash diet
• exercise
• lifestyle changes
• moderate alcohol consumption

Question 17

these meds inhibit vasoconstriction

Answer 17

adrenergic blockers
- clonidine
- methyldopa

Question 18

Ace inhibitors are a antihypertensive drug and they prevent? the “prils”
- benazepril
- captopril
-enalapril
-lisinopril

Answer 18

peripheral vasoconstriction

Question 19

ARBS are antihypertensive drugs and prevent
- losartan
-valsartan

Answer 19

peripheral vasoconstriction

Question 20

these drugs lower cardiac output, BP, HR, and cardiac workload

Answer 20

beta blockers

Question 21

with beta blocker what should we caution?

Answer 21

asthma patients-bronchospasm
diabetics- can mask hypoglycemia

Question 22

what BB can we safely give to asthma patients?

Answer 22

metoprolol

Question 23

what are the 4Bs that you can associate with remember beta blockers?

Answer 23

Bradycardia 60 or less
bottom out BP 80/60
breathing problems-asthma
blood sugar masking-diabetics

Question 24

these vasodilators increase blood flor to the extremities and are good for vasospasm

Answer 24

peripheral vasodilators
- calcium channel blockers
-alpha adrenergic blockers

Question 25

side effects of this medication are decrease BP, photosensitivity, blood gluocse increases, and potassium decreases

Answer 25

furosemide

Question 26

as the nurse what would you watch for in patients taking furosemide?

Answer 26

potassium

Question 27

with this medication we want to monitor electrolytes

Answer 27

HCTZ

Question 28

as the nurse what are things you can do to take care of your patient with hypertension? what are the complications you can look out for?

Answer 28

D- daily weight
I- intake and output
U-urine output
R-response to BP
E-electrolytes
T-take pulse
I-ischemic episodes
C-look for complications (CAD,CRF,CVA,CHF)

Question 29

what is something about your HTN meds do you want to teach to the patient

Answer 29

never stop abruptly

Question 30

what electrolytes are we worried about for dysrhythmias?

Answer 30

Mg, NA, and K

Question 31

this is postural hypotension

Answer 31

orthostatic hyptension

Question 32

what happens to the BP with orthostatic hypotension?

Answer 32

drop of 20 or great or 10 or greater

Question 33

secondary to a specific disease is

Answer 33

chronic orthostatic hypotension

Question 34

significant risk factors for falls in these patients

Answer 34

idiopathic othrostatic hypotension

Question 35

what are some treatment options for patients with orthostatic hypotension?

Answer 35

eliminate any known cause
assist patient with sitting/standing
supportive devices
fall precautions

Question 36

true or false
vasoconstriction leads to increased BP readings

Answer 36

true