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Anatomy Exam 4 (sab) > Exam 4: CN V and VII (35) > Flashcards

Exam 4: CN V and VII (35) Flashcards

1
Q

what CN are only sensory

A

CN I(olfactory), II(optic), VIII(vestibulochoclear)

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2
Q

what CN are sensory/ motor

A

Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Trigeminal (V)
Vagus (X)
Facial (VII)

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3
Q

what CN are only motor

A

Oculomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
Abducent (VI)
Accessory (XI)
Hypoglossal (XII)

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4
Q

Autonomic ganglia (CN’s ___,___,__,__

A

CN’s III, VII, IX, X

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5
Q

NAME THE GANGLION
post-synaptic fibers innervate intrinsic muscles of the eye (ciliary muscles, sphincter pupillae, dilator pupillae)

A

Ciliary ganglion (oculomotor nerve)

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6
Q

NAME THE GANGLION

post-synaptic fibers innervate lacrimal, nasal, and palatine glands

A

Pterygopalatine (a.k.a., sphenopalatine) ganglion (facial nerve)

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7
Q

NAME THE GANGLION
post-synaptic fibers innervate sublingual
and mandibular salivary glands

A

Mandibular ganglion (facial nerve)

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8
Q

NAME THE GANGLION
post-synaptic fibers innervate parotid
and zygomatic salivary glands

A

Otic ganglion (glossopharyngeal nerve)

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9
Q

NAME THE GANGLION

located in walls of thoracic, abdominal and pelvic viscera

A

Terminal (a.k.a., visceral) ganglia (vagus nerve and branches)

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10
Q

what ganglion synapse between pre and post (GSE)

list the 5 motor

A
  1. Ciliary ganglion (oculomotor nerve)
  2. Pterygopalatine (a.k.a., sphenopalatine) ganglion (facial nerve)
  3. Mandibular ganglion (facial nerve)
  4. Otic ganglion (glossopharyngeal nerve)
  5. Terminal (a.k.a., visceral) ganglia (vagus nerve and branches)
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11
Q

List the Afferent (sensory) ganglia (4 main ones)

A

▪ Sensory (a.k.a., semilunar) ganglion of the trigeminal nerve

▪ Geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve

▪ Vestibular ganglia of the vestibular
branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve

▪ Spiral ganglia of the cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve

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12
Q

do afferent (sensory) ganglia synapse between pre and post?

what root do these travel

A

No
dorsal root

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13
Q

Spiral ganglia of the cochlear branch of what nerve

A

vestibulocochlear nerve

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14
Q

Vestibular ganglia of the vestibular branch of what nerve

A

vestibulocochlear nerve

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15
Q

Geniculate ganglion is of what CN

A

facial nerve

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16
Q

Sensory (a.k.a., semilunar) ganglion of what CN

A

trigeminal nerve

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17
Q

The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is the Major source of ______ innervation of the head

A

SENSORY (GSA)

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18
Q

what are the branches of CN V

A

▪ Ophthalmic nerve (V1)
▪ Maxillary nerve (V2)
▪ Mandibular nerve (V3)

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19
Q

what branch of CN V is this?

Sensory (GSA) from nasal mucosa, nose, eyes, superior palpebrae, M/L commissures (a.k.a., canthi) of eye, scalp, forehead

A

▪ Ophthalmic nerve (V1)

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20
Q

what branch of CN V is this?

Sensory (GSA) from nasal mucosa, nose,
lateral commissure (canthus) of eye, upper teeth, gum, lip, nose

A

▪ Maxillary nerve (V2)

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21
Q

what branch of CN V is this?

Sensory (GSA) from ear, face, cheek, tongue, lower teeth, gum, lip

Motor (GSE) to muscles of mastication

A

▪ Mandibular nerve (V3)

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22
Q

what is the only branch of CN V that is both sensory and motor

A

▪ Mandibular nerve (V3)

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23
Q

The trigeminal ganglion is a SENSORY ganglion, comprised of

A

sensory (unipolar) neuron cell bodies (GSA).

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24
Q

identify

A
  1. Approximate location of trigeminal ganglion
  2. Trigeminal canal
  3. Petrous temporal bone (highlighted)
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25
Q

Dendrites (in periphery) –> ____________–> Soma (in ganglion)–> ____________–> CNS/Brain

A

Peripheral processes
central processes

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26
Q

The motor component (GSE) of the
trigeminal nerve originates from the ____________ and distributes via ___________

A

motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve
(within the brainstem/CNS)

via the mandibular branch
(V3) to the muscles of mastication

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27
Q

what are the muscles that CN V innervate (5)

A

▪ Temporalis m.
▪ Masseter m.
▪ Digastricus m., rostral part
▪ Lateral pterygoid m.
▪ Medial pterygoid m

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28
Q

what is this? from what view

A

Brainstem, Dorsal View

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29
Q

what kind of neuron is this

A

Multipolar (Motor) Neuron

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30
Q

what is the missing step in the process

A
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31
Q

Each division of the trigeminal nerve leaves the cranium via a

A

separate opening

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32
Q

Ophthalmic nerve (V1) exits via the

A

Exits the cranium via the orbital fissure

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33
Q

Maxillary nerve (V2) Exits the cranium via the

A

round foramen, which opens into the alar canal

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34
Q

Mandibular nerve (V3) Exits the cranium via

A

the oval foramen

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35
Q

identify 1-3 and what nerve would pass through

A

orbital fissure (1)- Ophthalmic nerve (V1)

round foramen (2)–Maxillary nerve (V2)

oval foramen (3)–Mandibular nerve (V3)

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36
Q

identify 1-3 what what nerves pass

A
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37
Q

After leaving the cranium through their designated foramina, each division of the trigeminal nerve gives off ______

A

several branches

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38
Q

Ophthalmic nerve branches

what to remember them

A

“NFL”

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39
Q

what area does the nasociliary branch of the opthalmic nerve innervate

A

“nose” and “eye”

▪ nasal mucosa, skin of muzzle (ethmoidal n.; overlap zone with maxillary nerve)

▪ medial canthus / commissure (infratrochlear n.), internal eye including cornea (long ciliary n.)

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40
Q

what does the frontal nerve branch of the opthalmic nerve innervate

A

rostral frontal region, upper eyelid

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41
Q

what does the lacrimal nerve branch of the opthalmic nerve innervate

A

eye, lacrimal area
SENSORY

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42
Q

Nasociliary nerve is important for what reflex

A

corneal reflex

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43
Q

Nasociliary nerve branches into what 3 nerves

A

▪ Long ciliary nerve
▪ Ethmoidal nerve
▪ Infratrochlear nerve

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44
Q

Long ciliary nerve (of Nasociliary nerve) innervates

A

Courses with optic nerve to innervate eyeball

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45
Q

Long ciliary nerve (of Nasociliary nerve)

afferent or efferent

A

Afferent from corneal epithelium and bulbar conjunctiva

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46
Q

Ethmoidal nerve (of Nasociliary nerve) enters the cranium via the _______ and and then
passes through the ______________

A

Enters the cranium via the ethmoidal foramen and then passes through the cribriform plate and into the nasal cavity

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47
Q

Ethmoidal nerve(of Nasociliary nerve)

afferent or efferent

A

Afferent from nasal mucosa and skin of nose

48
Q

Infratrochlear nerve (of Nasociliary nerve)

afferent or efferent

A

Afferent from medial canthus/commissure of eye

49
Q
A
50
Q

The nasociliary nerve transmits ___________________ from the cranial cervical ganglion to the dilator mm. of the pupil.

A

post-ganglionic sympathetic axons

51
Q

Frontal nerve (of the ophthalmic n.) is afferent or efferent

A

Afferent from rostral frontal region and upper eyelid

52
Q

Lacrimal nerve (of the ophthalmic n.) supplies

A

autonomic innervation to the lacrimal gland

53
Q

Lacrimal nerve (of the ophthalmic n.) use what kind of post-ganglionic axons

A

▪ Post-ganglionic PSNS axons from the pterygopalatine ganglion (CN VII) join the lacrimal nerve (pre-ganglionic neurons are from facial nerve, CN VII)

▪ Post-ganglionic SNS axons from cranial cervical ganglion

54
Q

Lacrimal nerve (of the ophthalmic n.) supplies what kind of innervation

A

Supplies sensory innervation to the conjunctiva of upper eyelid

55
Q

identify the 3 arrows

A
56
Q

what are the branches of the maxillary nerve of CN V

how to remember it

A

ZIP

  1. Zygomatic nerve
  2. Infraorbital nerve
  3. Pterygopalatine nerve
57
Q

Zygomatic nerve of the maxillary nerve divides into

A

branches within the orbit (zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial)

58
Q

what does the Zygomatic nerve of the maxillary nerve supply

A

Supplies sensory innervation to skin over zygomatic arch, caudal frontal region, inferior eyelid

59
Q

identify the nerve

A

Zygomatic n.

60
Q

what does the maxillary nerve exit out of

A

rostral alar foramen

61
Q

Infraorbital n. (branch of the maxillary nerve) is sensory to

what does the nerve travel through

A

▪ Maxillary foramen → infraorbital canal → infraorbital foramen

▪ Sensory (GSA) from upper teeth, gums, lip, and nose

62
Q

Pterygopalatine n. arises from the ventral aspect of the maxillary nerve near the __________

A

pterygopalatine ganglion (can visibly see)

63
Q

Pterygopalatine n. divides into three nerves:

A

▪ Major and minor palatine nn.
▪ Caudal nasal n (innervates nasal mucosa)

64
Q

Pterygopalatine n. is sensory from

A

from caudal nasal region and palate.

65
Q

The pterygopalatine ganglion is an autonomic
ganglion affiliated with the ___________ supplies ___________ to glands of the head (lacrimal, nasal, palatine).

A

the facial nerve; supplies parasympathetic innervation

66
Q

sensory zones of the maxillary nerve

A

zygomatic
infraorbital
Pterygopalatine

67
Q

skin over zygomatic arch, caudal frontal
region, lower eyelid, lateral canthus /
commissure of eye

what part of the maxillary nerve innervates here

A

Zygomatic

68
Q

upper lip, nose, upper teeth and gums

what part of the maxillary nerve innervates here

A

Infraorbital

69
Q

palate and caudal nasal region

what part of the maxillary nerve innervates here

A

Pterygopalatine

70
Q

Mandibular nerve (V3) branches (6)

A

▪Buccal nerve –sensory
▪ Lingual nerve–sensory
▪ Inferior alveolar nerve–sensory
▪ Masticatory branches–motor
▪ Mylohyoid nerve–mixed
▪ Auriculotemporal nerve–sensory

71
Q

Buccal nerve (cheek)

location and sensory to

A

▪ Crosses the medial pterygoid m. and enters the cheek, lateral to the zygomatic salivary gland

▪ Sensory to mucosa and skin of cheek

72
Q

identify the nerve

A

▪ Buccal nerve (cheek)

73
Q

Although the buccal nerve is intimately
affiliated with the zygomatic salivary gland, the gland is supplied _____ innervation by what nerve?

A

PSNS; glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

74
Q

Buccal nerve (cheek) gives sensory to mucosa and skin of cheek

why is this important

A

need for moving food out of cheek

75
Q

Lingual nerve:

sensory or motor?
where?

A

▪ Sensory (GSA) from tongue

▪ The chorda tympani n. (of CN VII, facial) joins
the lingual n. to supply taste sensation (SVA)
from the rostal 2/3 of the tongue

76
Q

Linguinal nerve is _____________ of the 3 branches

A

Largest and most rostral

77
Q

Inferior alveolar nerve

sensory or motor ?
where?

A

Mandibular foramen → mandibular canal → mental foramina

▪ Sensory (GSA) from lower teeth, gums, and lip

78
Q

identify 1 and 2

A
79
Q

Mylohyoid nerve

motor or sensory?
where?

A

▪ Motor (GSE) to rostral belly of digastricus m.
and mylohyoid m. (AD and MH in top right
image, respectively)

▪ Sensory to skin between the mandibles

80
Q

identify

A
81
Q

Masticatory branches

motor or sensory?
where?

A

Motor (GSE) to muscles of mastication

82
Q

what nerve immediately adjacent to auriculopalpebral branch of the facial nerve

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

83
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve:
sensory or motor?
where?

A

Sensory (GSA) from skin of temporal,
zygomatic, and masseteric regions, as well
as skin of external ear

84
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve–Immediately adjacent to auriculopalpebral branch of the facial nerve

there is a lot of ____ between these 2 nerves

A

LOTS of “crosstalk” between these two nerves!

85
Q

sensory zones of the mandibular nerve

A

▪ Buccal nerve (cheek)
▪ Lingual nerve
▪ Inferior alveolar nerve
▪ Mylohyoid nerve– Intermandibular region
▪ Auriculotemporal nerve

86
Q

Tongue; Ouch!!! (CN V), taste is via CN VII (chorda tympani)

name the nerve

A

▪ Lingual nerve

87
Q

name the nerve

▪ Mental nerves
▪ Teeth, lip

A

▪ Inferior alveolar nerve

88
Q

▪ External ear, temporal, zygomatic, masseteric
regions

name the nerve

A

▪ Auriculotemporal nerve

89
Q

what is this showing

A

sensory zones of mandibular nerve

90
Q

Is a mixed nerve, but is mostly motor (GSE)
to the muscles of facial expression

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

91
Q

facial nerve (CN VII) is important for maintenance of ___________

A

facial tone

92
Q

facial nerve (CN VII) travels through what foramen

A

Internal acoustic meatus → facial canal → stylomastoid foramen

93
Q

identify the meatus

A

Internal acoustic meatus

94
Q

Dorsal and ventral buccal branches of the facial nerve are motor to

A

muscles of facial expression

95
Q

Auriculopalpebral n. (branch of facial nerve) is motor to

A

Motor to muscles of facial expression,
including rostral auricular mm.

96
Q

facial nerve (CN VII) is Autonomic (PSNS) to

A

glands of the head

97
Q

facial nerve branches:
Major petrosal n. → pterygopalatine
ganglion →?

A

lacrimal n. (ophthalmic, V1)

98
Q

facial nerve branches:
Chorda tympani n. → lingual n. (CN V3) →?

A

mandibular and sublingual ganglia

99
Q

facial nerve branches: Chorda tympani n.

A

sensory
▪ Taste from rostral 2/3 of tongue
▪ Merges with lingual n. (CN V)

100
Q

what are these representing

A

Cutaneous areas of the rostral concave surface of the external ear (facial nerve)

101
Q

taste is processed by CN ___________

A

VII, IX, X

102
Q

what nerve is this

Sensory from taste buds in the rostral two thirds of the tongue

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

103
Q

what nerve is this

Sensory from taste buds in the caudal one third of the tongue

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

104
Q

what nerve is this

Sensory from taste buds in the throat
(pharynx) and epiglottis; taste buds in the
GI tract

A

Vagus nerve (CN X)

105
Q

what would lesions of CN V look like:

 Ophthalmic

A

▪ Decreased/absent corneal reflex (afferent = CN V; efferent = CN VI)

▪ Decreased/absent palpebral reflex (afferent = CN V; efferent = CN VII) when touching the upper eyelid and the medial canthas of eye

106
Q

what would lesions of CN V look like:
Maxillary

A

▪ Decreased/absent reflex/response when pinching upper lip (afferent = CN V; efferent = CN VII)

▪ Decreased/absent palpebral reflex when touching the lower eyelid and the lateral canthas of eye (afferent = CN V; efferent = CN VII)

107
Q

what would lesions of CN V look like:
Mandibular

A

▪ Decreased/absent reflex/response when touching and/or pinching lower lip (afferent = CN V; efferent = CN VII)

▪ Decreased/absent ability to close the mouth, poor jaw tone– Eventual muscle atrophy

108
Q

What about opening the mouth? Which muscle does this and which nerve(s) is it innervated by?

A

digastricus m.

109
Q

growling and snare is what kind of response

A

conscious awareness

110
Q

what CN is this

A

CN V

111
Q

what CN is involved

A

CN V3

112
Q

what CN is involved

A

CN V

113
Q

what would lesions of CN VII look like

A

▪ Decreased/absent facial muscle tone

▪ Deviated philtrum (most obvious in horses)

▪ Decreased/absent palpebral reflex

▪ Decreased/absent facial muscle reflex (wrinkling of lips/cheeks) when
upper/lower lips are pinched.

114
Q

lesions of CN VII may result in:

Holding of food in the buccal vestibule with resultant foul smell from the mouth—Why?

A

can’t feel that the food is there

115
Q

lesions of CN VII may result in:
▪ Decreased appetite—Why?

A

no taste sensation

116
Q

unilateral facial nerve paralysis:

which side is the paralysis

A

LEFT

Anatomy Exam 4 (sab) (15 decks)

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