Exam 4: Ch 7+8

Question 1

types of intimacy

Answer 1

emotional, intellectual, physical, spiritual
exclusive vs. non-exclusive
long term vs. brief

Question 2

how to have meaningful relationships

Answer 2

separate people,
enjoy being together
give + receive honest feedback
confront/deal with conflicts
both work on the relationship
both equal
do things instead of treating other as servant
growing together
encourage each other to improve

Question 3

how to deal with anger (in relationships)

Answer 3

value recognition + expression of anger
express anger without attacking other
don’t hold grudges, let go
recognize danger signs, know when to step away
talk more about yourself: I statements instead of you statements
decide when it’s better to not express anger

Question 4

positive ways to look at conflict and confrontation

Answer 4

conflict: healthy sign of individual differences
confrontation: a caring act

Question 5

how to deal with conflict

Answer 5

listen, don’t plan your response
identify your motivation
clarify your intentions
accept responsibility for your feelings
don’t make dogmatic statements
tell others your issues with them

Question 6

how NOT to deal with conflict

Answer 6

walk away from conflict, ignore it

Question 7

how to be forgiven

Answer 7

take responsibility for our actions
make amends

Question 8

why we should forgive

Answer 8

holding grudges inhibits intimacy
forgiveness is good for physical + emotional health and well-being

Question 9

how to forgive

Answer 9

give yourself time to process your emotions

Question 10

intimate partner violence + abuse

Answer 10

exerting power and control over others

Question 11

forms of abuse

Answer 11

physical
sexual
emotional
psychological
economic

Question 12

abuser’s goal

Answer 12

increase victim’s dependence on them

Question 13

how to navigate abusive relationship

Answer 13

exercise great caution in partner interactions to avoid potential backlash

Question 14

abuse victim’s mentality

Answer 14

may rationalize their choice to stay
excuse the partner’s behavior
risk of going back to abuser even after escaping

Question 15

common communication barriers

Answer 15

hear only what you want to hear
overly concerned with getting your point across
not actually listening, rehearsing what you will say
overly defensive
make assumptions about other instead of directly asking them, not hearing them out

Question 16

how does technology change relationships

Answer 16

shapes the way people meet, develop relationships, and communicate
enhances ability to communicate with others

Question 17

advantages of online dating

Answer 17

offers mechanism for matching for compatibility
relationships developed online often transfer successfully to offline

Question 18

disadvantages of online dating

Answer 18

level of risk from disclosing personal info online
hyperpersonal relationships: intimacy develops more rapidly, emotional boundaries let down too fast due to feeling of anonymity

Question 19

homophobia

Answer 19

irrational fear of homosexual people

Question 20

root of homophobic hate crimes

Answer 20

strong negative attitudes about homosexuality

Question 21

homophobic discrimination

Answer 21

historic discrimination + oppression
dependent on states
adopting children: discrimination + legal barriers
cross-cultural attitudes range from acceptance to condemnation (dangerous)

Question 22

gay-affirmative therapy

Answer 22

helps individuals accept their sexual identity and learn strategies to deal with those in society who harbor negative social attitudes toward them

Question 23

how to handle separation/divorce

Answer 23

give yourself time to grieve the relationship
express anger without violence or violent/manipulative language
depersonalize you partner’s actions
take responsibility for your part in the relationship, including its failure
find a support network
do journaling
make amends
seek closure
learn from the experience
learn + love

Question 24

when does gender role socialization begin

Answer 24

early in life
before birth

Question 25

gender similarities hypothesis

Answer 25

men and women are highly similar

Question 26

what does transphobia look like

Answer 26

face violence, discrimination, negative reactions
discrimination in employment, health care, housing

Question 27

areas with third or alternative gender populations

Answer 27

South Asia, Mexico, Thailand

Question 28

positive masculinity

Answer 28

focus on:
* applying strength-based approach to understanding + counseling men
* present capacities and resources and identifying the qualities that empower men
* counseling for boys and men

Question 29

how is masculinity passed on

Answer 29

fathers
the culture (other male figures in lives)
movies + video games

Question 30

roles that alienate men

Answer 30

gender atypical behaviors
gender-role strain
gender-role conflict

Question 31

stereotypes of traditional male role

Answer 31

emotional unavailability, denial of fear, power and aggressiveness
independence, protection of inner self, invulnerability
driven to succeed at work
lack of bodily awareness
denial of “feminine” qualities
avoidance of physical contact with men
rigid perceptions
loss of male spirit and experience depression

Question 32

value of men’s groups

Answer 32

what it means to trust other men
how family relations affect current relationships
what it means to be a father
hiding from oneself and others in work environments
dealing with loss, depression, existential anxiety, which accompany aging
how to carry weight of unexpressed emotions + desires
how inner judgement prevents satisfaction with life
how fear of abandonment prevents risk-taking
healthy ways to deal with frustration + anger
deciding for yourself what it means to be a man

Question 33

recent changes in female roles

Answer 33

women are increasingly considering career priorities and challenging traditional feminine roles in work, relationships, parenthood, politics
as androgyny gains acceptance, women have more leeway in their struggle for equality, which opens the door to a better quality of life

Question 34

stereotypes associated with traditional female role

Answer 34

• warmth, expressiveness, nurturance - pressure to have kids
• not assertive or independent - docile
• tendency to be emotional and intuitive
• tendency to be more interested in relationships than in professional accomplishments

Question 35

women’s work struggles

Answer 35

role strains from conflicting responsibilities
often face discrimination, sexist attitudes, patronizing behavior, esp. in male high-prestige professions
glass ceiling - can look up, but can’t get there

Question 36

why challenge gender roles

Answer 36

both genders pay a price for staying within the limited boundaries defined by culture

Question 37

how to challenge traditional gender-role expectations

Answer 37

• becoming aware of prices of gender-role socialization is the 1st step to making choices about assuming expected role behavior
• challenging the societal conditioning that results in rigid role behavior

Question 38

androgyny

Answer 38

the blending of typical feminine and masculine personality traits + behaviors

Question 39

alternatives to rigid gender-role expectations

Answer 39

becoming more androgynous to adjust behavior to what the situation requires
gender-role transcendence

Question 40

gender-role transcendence involves . . .

Answer 40

going beyond the rigid categories of masculine/feminine to achieve a personal synthesis