Exam 4 Flashcards
Selective stretching of specific tissue around a joint without damaging adjacent tissue; Stretching a capsular structure in physiological planes.
joint mobilization
purpose of joint mobilization
Remodel connective tissue to improve extensibility and reduce stiffness
Reduce pain and encourage relaxation
Bathe the joint in synovial fluid and nourish joint structures.
contraindications of joint mobilization
Joint replacements Fractures that are not healed Acute inflammatory or septic arthritis Bone disease Bacterial infection Malignancy Unstable joint
Movements produced by 2 adjacent bones (flexion, extension, abduction etc). We can see/observe these motions.
osteokinematics
essential movements that occur in joints as a result of physiologic (osteokinematic) motion but which cannot be produced my muscle action.
arthrokinematics
Describes the glide of the articular surface (arthrokinematic/accessory motion) of the moving segment relative to its osteokinematic direction of movement
Concave-convex relationship
Glide is to the opposite direction of movement. In other words The joint surface moves in the opposite direction the bone shaft is moving.
Convex moving on Concave
position in which joint capsule and ligaments are most relaxed.
resting position
Articulating surfaces are maximally separated. Joint will exhibit greatest amount of joint play
loose packed position
Joint surfaces are in maximal contact to each other
close packed position
Extremes of joint motion are _____-packed, & midrange positions are _____-packed.
closed, loose
With joint mobs, you start in a ___packed and progress to ___ packed
loose, closed
A series of points on one articulating surface come into contact with a series of points on another surface
roll
Occurs when one bone rotates around a stationary longitudinal mechanical axis
spin
Specific point on one surface comes into contact with a series of points on another surface
slide
When a passive mobilization technique is applied to produce a slide in the joint – referred to as a ____
glide
Decrease in space between two joint surfaces
Adds stability to a joint
Normal reaction of a joint to muscle contraction
compression
Two surfaces are pulled apart
Often used in combination with joint mobilizations to increase stretch of capsule.
distraction
Joint mobilization oscillations are used to stimulate _____ and inhibit ______
mechanoreceptors, nociceptors
neurophysiological effects of joint mob
Stimulates mechanoreceptors to decrease pain
Affect muscle spasm & muscle guarding – nociceptive stimulation
Increase in awareness of position & motion because of afferent nerve impulses
nutritional effects of joint mob
Distraction or small gliding movements – cause synovial fluid movement
Movement can improve nutrient exchange due to joint swelling & immobilization
mechanical effects of joint mob
Improve mobility of hypomobile joints (adhesions & thickened CT from immobilization – loosens)
Maintains extensibility & tensile strength of articular tissues
Grades I and II - primarily used for ___
pain
Grades III and IV - primarily used to _______
increase motion
All joint mobilizations follow the _____-_____ rule
convex-concave
With joint mob, patient’s ___& ____ should be reassessed after treatment, & again before the next treatment
joint, ROM
involves shattering of bone into pieces; usually takes the longest to heal.
comminuted fracture
bone pierces through skin
compound fracture
fracture where break doesn’t go all the way through the bone
incomplete fracture
fracture characterized by a small crack and is most commonly found in children
Greenstick fracture
