Exam 4 Flashcards
Abducent
Drawing away from the midline; Also the VI cranial nerve
Abduction
Drawing away from the midline; Referring to limbs
Adrenal
Next to the kidney
Adduction
Drawing toward the midline; Referring to limbs
Actinic
Relating to the chemical changes caused by radiant energy (sunlight)
Actinodermatitis
Skin inflammation caused by exposure to sunlight
Anterior
Placed in front of
Anterolateral
In front of and away from the midline/toward the side
Apocrine
Pinched off portion of a cell that is released with secretory product
Aponeurosis
Sheet of fibrous tissue binding muscles together or muscle to bone
Cathode
Negatively charged electrode
Caudal
Of, at, or near the tail
Caudad
Toward the tail
Caudectomy
Surgical removal of the tail
Cranial
Relating to the skull
Craniotomy
Surgical incision into the skull
Decompose
Break down into various components
Dehydrate
To deplete of body water
Dextrose
Structural form of glucose that rotates to the right
Dexterity
Grace in physical movement
Diuresis
Excessive discharge of urine
Distal
Away from a reference point
Disinfection
Treatment to destroy harmful organisms
Dissect
Cut apart for the study of anatomy
Dorsal
Of or near the back
Eccentric
Deviating from expectation
External
Outside
Ectoparasite
Parasite that lives on the outside of the body
Flexion
Act of bending a joint or limb
Deflection
Deviation from expectation
Lateral
Situated at or on the side
Lateroabdominal
On the side of the abdomen
Levorotation
Counterclockwise rotation
Levothyroxine
Left directed isomer of thyroid hormone (active form)
Median
Midline that divides the body into equal right and left halves
Occlude
To obstruct
Opisthotonus
Spasm of the body with the head and heels bent backwards
Palmar
Relating to the palm of the hand
Pernasal
Performed through the nose
Peracute
Very rapid and violent
Percutaneous
Passed through the skin
Plantar
Relating to the sole of the foot
Plantigrade
Walking on the sole of the foot
Posterior
Relating to the caudal end of the quadriceps and the dorsal area of primates
Posterolateral
Caudal (or dorsal) and away from the midline/toward the side
Pronate
To turn the palmar surface down or back
Proximal
Nearer to a reference point
Irradiation
Use of ionizing radiation
Relapse
Regress after a partial recovery
Reflex
Automatic response or reaction
Regurgitation
Act of flowing backward
Retrograde
Reverting to an earlier or inferior condition
Rostral
Referring to the nasal region
Rotary
Something that moves around an axis
Rotator
Muscle that aids in rotating a part of the body
Sagittal
Plane parallel to the medial plane
Sinister
On the left side (also means threatening evil)
Sinistromanual
Left-handed
Sternum
Breastbone
Sternomastoid
Structure that runs from the sternum to the base of the skull
Superior
Higher location
Superjacent
Lying immediately above
Supinate
Turn the palmar surface up or forward
Transverse
Lying across
Treponema
Genus of spiral bacteria (one causes syphilis)
Ventral
Relating to the abdominal area
Ventrodorsal
Extending from the abdominal surface to the dorsal surface
Versicolor
Having a variety of colors or changing colors
Craniolateral
Toward the head and out to the side
Acromegaly
Large extremities
Acral
Referring to extremities (hands and feet)
Antebrachium
Forearm (from the elbow to the wrist)
Antemortem
Before death
Anteroventral
Lower aspect of the front of the body
Antibiotic
Against microbes
Antisepsis
Against infection
Apicotomy
Incision into a pointed surface
Archencephalon
Primitive front and middle part of the brain
Axilla
Armpit area
Basisphenoid
Relating to the body of the sphenoid bone
Basioccipital
Bone in the base of the skull in front of the foramen magnum
Bathypnea
Deep breathing
Cecum
Relating to a sac-like cavity with one opening; blind ended pouch
Centrifugal
Fleeing the center
Circumferential
Line around a closed circle
Cortex
Outer layer of an organ
Bicuspid
Having two points (Ex: teeth and heart valve)
Tricuspid
Having three points (ex: heart valve)
Decubital
Relating to a bedsore
Ectopic
Abnormal location for an organ or body part
Empyema
Pus in a body cavity, especially the chest
Endometrium
Glandular mucous membrane that lines the inside of the uterus
Epidural
On or over the dura mater or spinal cord
Epidermis
Outermost part of the skin
Epidemiology
Study of the cause, distribution, and control of disease in groups of people (in animals, epizootiology is the proper term)
Esophoria
Tendency for eyes to deviate inwardly
Exophtalmos
Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Extravasation
Forcing blood or lymph out of vessels and into the surrounding tissue
Fundus
Portion of a hollow organ that is furthest from its opening (ex: fundus of the eye and the stomach)
Hypsodont
Teeth with high crowns and short roots
Inferior
Lower on the body
Inferolateral
Lower and to the side of the body
Infraorbital
Located beneath the orbit of the eye
Infraspinatus
Muscle beneath the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade)
Inguinal
Referring to the groin
Exocytosis
Intracellular vesicles are secreted by fusion with the outer cell membrane
Intercostal
Between the ribs
Intercellular
Between cells
Intracerebral
Between the cerebrum (large globe of the brain)
Juxtaposition
Located or placed side-by-side
Juxtaglomerulus
Near the glomerulus (kidney filter)
Locus
Place or location
Locomotor
Relating to movement from one place to another
Macula Lutea
Yellow spot on the retina that mediates the clearest, most detailed vision
Macula Densa
Spot of dense cells near the glomerulus that secretes the hormone renin
Mediolateral
From the middle toward the side
Medial
Toward the midline
Medulla
Inner core of an organ
Mesentery
Fold of peritoneum that connects organs to the dorsal, inner abdominal wall
Mesojejunum
Mesentery of the jejunum portion of the small intestines
Nidus
Point of origination or accumulation
Tentorium
Membranous covering or partition
Sensorium
Sensory portion of the body
Parathyroid
By the thyroid (glands that control calcium balance)
Paresthesia
Skin sensation without apparent cause
Periosteum
Dense fibrous covering of bone, except at the joints
Peribronchial
Surrounding the bronchus (lower airway in lungs)
Perineum
Area between the anus and genitals
Popliteal
Hollow back part of the knee area
Postprandial
After eating
Postoperative
After surgery
Postpartum
After birth
Premaxillary
In front of the maxillary bones
Prognosis
Prediction of the probable course or outcome of disease
Prosodemic
Disease that is transmitted from person to person
Hemostasis
Stoppage of bleeding
Hypostatic
Settling of blood in a lower aspect of an organ due to poor blood flow
Astigmatism
Unequal curvature of the cornea that prevents clear focus on one point of the retina
Subcutaneous
Under the skin
Subarachnoid
Beneath the arachnoid membrane (web part) of the meninges of the spinal cord
Synapse
Junction in which a nerve impulse passes to another nerve, muscle, or gland
Ataxia
Loss of the ability to coordinate muscular movement
Chemotaxis
Movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a chemical stimulus
Phototaxis
Movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a light stimulus
Telecardiogram
Electrocardiogram obtained at a distance from a patient
Telemetry
Automatic measurement of data and transmission over distances by wire, radio, or other means
Telangiectases
Chronic dilation of a group of capillaries causing small dark red blotches on the skin
Topology
Anatomic structure of a specific area or part of the body
Transection
Divide or cut transversely
Extracorporeal
Located or occurring outside the body
Flux
Discharge of large quantity of fluid from the body
Glycolysis
Dissolving glucose sugar into simple components
Abdomen
Cavity between thoracic and pelvic cavities
Arthritis
Inflammation of a joint
Arthrocentesis
Puncture and aspiration of joint fluic
Articulate
United by joints
Auricle
Ear or ear-like appendage
Auricular
Pertaining to the ear
Blepharospasm
Twitch in eyelid
Blepharoptosis
Droopy upper eyelid
Brachiocephalic
Pertaining to the arm and the head
Buccal
Pertaining to or directed toward the cheek
Calcaneous
Heel bone
Canthus
Corner of the eyelid (medial and lateral canthus)
Caput
Head of a structure
Capitulum
Small head or rounded auricular process of a bone
Carpus
Wrist
Celiotomy
Surgical incision into the abdomen
Encephalitis
Inflammation inside the skull
Cerebellospinal
From the cerebellum to the spinal cord
Cerebrum
Main portion of the brian
Cervicofacial
Pertaining to the neck and face