Exam#4 Flashcards
Iolcus
Located at the foot of Mount Pelion
Bronze Age city
Modern name is Volos
Thessaly
Widest plain in Greece
Northernmost mainland
Apollonius of Rhodes
Writer whose account of the voyage that is usually followed.
Literary version is called Argonautica
Jason
Descendant of Aeolus
King of Magnesia
Colchis
A distant town that the ram flew over
Where Aeetes ruled
Pelias
Grew up to be arrogant and intolerant
Wanted to be the supreme power over Thessaly instead of his brother, Neleus
Chiron
Wise centaur
Named the son of Aeson, Jason
Taught him civilized life
Symplegades
“Clashing rocks”
Argonauts were warned about these dangers waters
Let a dove pass through first
Medea
Kings daughter
Agent of hera’s plan to destroy pelias
Talus
Bronze giant who threw boulders at the argonauts
Zeus formerly gave to Europa after he abducted her in the form of a bull
Aetolia
North of the entrance of Corinth
Calydon
Capital of Aetolia
King was Oeneus
Meleager
King Oeneus and Althaea bore this child
When the log is consumed he will die … Three fates appeared 7 days after he was born and told him so… Also that he would be handsome and brave
Atlanta
Famous female athlete
From Arcadia
Joined the boar hunt
Argo
Name of the boat that the argonauts sailed on
Thyestes
Father of Aegisthus
One of Pelops’ sons
Atreus
Father of Menelaus and Agamemnon
One of the sons of Pelops
Leda
Who tyndareus married
Beautiful
Zeus appeared to her as a swan. Had sex with him and her husband that same night and bore four kids
Helen
Fathered by Zeus and Leda
Semi divine
Clytemnestra
Birthed by Leda and Tyndareus
Mortal
Tyndareus
King of Sparta
Sympathetic to the causes of thyestes and helped him created an army
Married Leda
Oath of Tyndareus
Created by Odysseus
Was finding suitors to marry a Helen
He was too poor… Odysseus had a solution… This was the solution
Peleus
Was born on the island of Aegina
Father = Aeacus
Ajax
Father was Telamon (Peleus’ brother)
Suitor of Helen and one the the greatest heroes of the Trojan War
Hecabe
Who King Priam married
Bore hector…. The greatest fighter of the Trojans
Aulis
Port where all of Helens former suitors assembled after the oath was invoked
Calchas
Prophet of the expedition
Declared that the Greeks would never take Troy without the help of Achilles
Iphigenia
Agamemnon’s daughter
Was killed by him to save the expedition
Philoctetes
A snake bit him on the foot
Part of the crew
They left him on the island of Lemnos because it was getting worse and worse
“Helen on the wall”
What the first years of the Trojan war were referred to as
Are talked about briefly throughout the Iliad
Chryseis
Daughter of Chryses
Who Achilles had captured in the raid
Had to end up giving her up and took Achilles prize
Briseis
Achilles prize
Agamemnon stole her after he had to give his up
Andromache
Hectors wife
Was left when he returned to war
Neoptolemus
Achilles son
“Young fighter”
In order to win, he would have to join the army
Laocoon
Priest of Poseidon
Suspected that the horse had warriors inside
Polyxena
The youngest of Priams daughters
Her throat was cut over her fathers tomb by Neoptolemus
Nostoi
“Homecomings”
A genre of ancient epic told of the returns of the heroes from Troy and all that happened to them
Oresteia
Aeschylus’ dramatic trilogy
“Story of Orestes”
Orestes
Agamemnon’s son
Electra
Clytemnestra and (Agamemnon’s) daughter
Furies
The persecuting spirits of the murdered kin
Force Orestes into madness
Eumenides
“The kindly ones”
The furies new name
Lotus Eaters
Make their inhabitants consume a drug that makes men forgetful of their home and their purpose
Cyclopes
“Round eyes”
Cannibals
Polyphemus
A cyclops
The one that was blinded by Odysseus and his crew
Laestrygonians
Cannibals
Circe
Live on Aeaea
Where the woman lived who turned them into pigs after drinking her poison
Sirens
Their song…. No man can resist
Charybdis
On one side of the strait
This side is the whirlpool that sucks everything down in its path
Scylla
On the other side of the strait
A monster. A scary looking monster
Calypso
Lived on Orygia
Lived with Odysseus for 7 years
A beautiful nymph that loved him and offered him immortality if he married her
Phaeacians
The land that Odysseus almost reached but Poseidon sent a storm to throw him off because he blinded his son
Nausicaa
Daughter of the Phaeacian king
Athena appears to her in a dream and says that she will find her husband if she goes to wash her clothes.
Leads them to Odysseus
Telemachus
Odysseus’ only son
In trouble from the suitors
Euryclea
The old nurse of Odysseus and Penelope
She recognizes him by the scar on the beggars thigh
Numina
“Nodders”
Spirits that can inhabit almost any object or serve almost any function
Janus
One of the best known numina
Represented as a man with two faces… One looking forward and one looking back.
Jupiter
Numen of the bright sky
Similar to Zeus
Juno
Numen who presided over women as members of the family and was easily equated with Hera
Ceres
Numen of wheat
Similar to Demeter
Diana
Spirit of wood
Associated with women and childbirth
The roman Artemis
Mercury
Similar to Hermes
Vulcan
Identified with Hephaestus
God if volcanic and other forms of destructive fire
Neptune
Numen of water
Associated with Poseidon
Mars
The Greek ares
Related with the wolf
May have protected the flocks
Minerva
Numen of handcrafts
Associated with Athena
Venus
Numen of fresh water
E
I.e. Springs
Heracles
Belonged to the earliest foreign cult at Rome
Lares
Protective spirit of the dead
Became protector of all kinds of places
Penates
Protected a households things
Particularly it’s food
Vesta
Similar to hestia
Protects the hearth and the home
Pietas
Duties
Devotion to the state and it’s gods
Dido
Land
Iulus
Founded the town of alba longa
Romulus and Remus
Descendants of Aeneas
Born in alba longa
Turnus
King of the nearby Rutulians
Neoptolemus
“young fighter”
Achilles son
It was said by Colchas that he would need to join the army in order to defeat the Trojans.
Laocoon
Suspected that the wooden horse had warriors inside.
Priest of Poseidon.
Was eaten by two serpents for disrespecting a sacrifice made to Athena.
Polyxena
Youngest of Priam’s daughters.
Was carried by Neoptolemus to Achilles tomb and her throat was cut over his body.
Nostoi
A genre of ancient epic told of the returns of the heroes from Troy and all that happened to them.
“homecomings”
Oresteia
Trilogy written by Aeschylus.
Tells of Agamemnon’s return to Argos, his murder by Clytemnestra, and Orestes’ revenge.
Orestes
Agamemnon’s son.
Taken as a child to be raised near Delphi.
Comes back to avenge the death of his father (means to kill his mother)
Electra
Clytemnestra’s daughter.
Teams up with Orestes to help kill their mother.
Furies
Persecuting spirits of the murdered kin.
Come to bring madness upon Orestes.
Eumenides
The “Furies” new name.
Decided upon by Athena.
“the kindly ones”
Lotus Eaters
The local inhabitants here consume a drug that makes them forget their home and their purpose
Cyclopes
“round eyes”
Polyphemus
a Cyclops
“much renowned”
Lived in a cave
Aeolus
the wind King
Spends his days dining with his six sons and six daughters who are all married to one another.
Gives Odysseus the bag of wind
Laestrygonians
Cannibals
Eat all of the ships and the people who parked their ships on the harbor. So all except for Odysseus and his crew
Circe
“hawk”
daughter of Helius
beautiful woman who sung a song and made the men drink a drink and then tapped them with her wand and turned them into pigs.
Odysseus defied her magic thanks the the herb Hermes gave him
Sirens
whose song no man can resist
All needed to plug their ears to survive
Charybdis
one side of the evil strait.
This side contained the whirlpool that happened three times a day.
Scylla
One side of the evil strait
This side had the monster that had 6 heads and 12 feet
Calypso
Odysseus spent 7 years with her.
Beautiful nymph who fell in love with him and offered him eternal life if he would marry her
Phaeacians
Where King Alcinous ruled
Nausicaa
Daughter of King Alcinous.
Went to go wash her clothes so that she could find her husband (was told this would work through a dream she had of Athena)
Telemachus
Odysseus’ son
Was in trouble by the suitors (throne)
Argus
Odysseus’ dog
Was old
Saw Odysseus and dropped dead due to the excitement
Antinous
The leader of the Suitors
Euryclea
The old nurse who washed the “beggars’” feet and realized it was Odysseus
Penelope
Odysseus’ wife
Rhea Silvia
Virgin
Compared to Danae
Sabines
People that lived in the hills
Women were attacked in a festival
Tarpeia
Daughter of a roman commander
Apotheosis
“Process of becoming a god”
Horatii and the Curiatii
The Romans agreed to end their dispute between alba longa and this is what it was called
Duel between three brothers on each side
Tarquin the Proud
Seventh and last king of Rome
Tullias
Lucretia
Wife of Tarquin Collatinus
Spun wool with her lady servants
Brutus
Founder of the roman republic
Leader in the conspiracy to murder Julius Caesar
Horatius
Showed a model of bravery for every good roman after he swam back in full armor
Scaevola
Mucius’ nickname
Cincinnatus
Ex-consul
Was chosen to be dictator
