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ISS 310 > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

movement of cultural things

A

Diffusion

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2
Q

area where mostly something similar is happening there (ie: eat the same food, same religion, ancestry)

A

Cultural Region

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3
Q

human legacy/implant on the land

A

Cultural Landscape

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4
Q

how society adapts to an environment

A

Cultural Ecology

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5
Q

how the physical environment determines a society

A

Environmental Determinism

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6
Q

environment doesn’t suggest or determine what a society will attempt

A

Possiblism

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7
Q

traditional, old ways

A

Folk Culture

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8
Q

new, innovation, changes very fast

A

Popular Culture

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9
Q

the essence of culture, “culture is the epoxy of society”

A

Language

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10
Q

the study of place names; ethnicity, geographic setting, historical figures

A

Toponymy

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11
Q

Where is Morris Thomas Rd. located?

A

Duluth, Minnesota

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12
Q

How many Native Americans tribes are federally recognized?

A

577 tribes

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13
Q

Federal Recognition

A
  1. Petitioning
  2. Provide legitimizing evidence
  3. Comprise a distinct community
  4. Membership criteria
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14
Q

Surenames

A

can tell you a lot about their culture

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15
Q

Tribal trust land (reservations) Sovereign Nation

A

US holds the legal title and the tribe holds the beneficial interest

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16
Q

What are the top 3 biggest recognized tribes?

A
  1. Cherokee
  2. Navajos
  3. Chahta
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17
Q

Major crimes

A

US jurisdiction

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18
Q

Minor crimes

A

Tribal jurisdiction

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19
Q

Walking Purchase (1737) Treaty

A

in eastern Pennsylvania; “You run, not fair, you was to walk”

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20
Q

Indian Removal Act (1830)

A

moving Indians from Florida to Oklahoma

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21
Q

Dawes Allotment Act (1887)

A

the ultimate purpose was to break up tribal governments; abolish the reservations and assimilate the Indians

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22
Q

Greenville Treaty (1795)

A

demise of Native American ownership of land in Michigan

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23
Q

Treaty of Detroit (1807)

A

land grew all the way to the Meridian line

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24
Q

When did the Native Americans lost all the land in Michigan by a treaty?

A

1795-1842

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25
Q

How many federally recognized tribes in Michigan?

A

12 tribes (mostly Western and Upper Peninsula)

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26
Q

What are examples of cultural landscapes?

A

Churches, masks, and barns.

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27
Q

What is assimilation in terms of ethnic groups?

A

Integration and acceptance by the native born group

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28
Q

What affects toponymy?

A

Ethnicity, geographic setting, historical figures

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29
Q

D.H. Fisher wrote what book in 1989?

A

Albion’s Seed

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30
Q

What is the significance of Albion’s Seed?

A

Separated English into 4 groups of people

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31
Q

Describe an early Protestant settler.

A
  • English language
  • implemented the English Legal System
  • brought the County identification and Sheriff with them
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32
Q

A lot of roads were built using these trails.

A

Native American Trails

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33
Q

Navajo Homeland (Diné)

A
  • Number 4 is sacred to them

- located in the four corners bordering the states (Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico)

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34
Q

What is the largest Native American land reservation in the USA?

A

Navajo Homeland (Diné)

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35
Q

What is the name of a tribe that is located inside the Navajo Reservation?

A

Hopi Tribe

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36
Q
  • mainly in Massachusetts area
  • middle class people who were dissatisfied living in England
  • 16 Presidents
  • excluded other groups
  • upright and wing, Cape cod houses
A

Puritans

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37
Q
  • Eastern Pennsylvania & NJ
  • middle class
  • welcomed other groups (Germans)
  • no slavery
  • just a few presidents (Hoover)
  • Friends Church
A

Quakers

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38
Q
  • mainly in Coastal Virginia
  • upper to middle class
  • brought indentured servants
  • roasted and fried food
  • created plantations in Tidewater
  • gender inequality
  • started slavery from Africa
A

Cavaliers (Royalists)

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39
Q
  • West Virginia and Kentucky
  • Scotch-Irish
  • placed in the mountains between the Native Americans and the English to buffer the two
  • last group to arrive
  • looked down upon (Hillbillies)
A

Back Country Folk (Border Folk)

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40
Q
  • recruited by the English mostly protestant Germans

- agriculture, engineering, beer

A

Germans

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41
Q
  • Lancaster County, PA
  • Ohio > Pennsylvania > Indiana
  • Michigan has around 2,000 population
A

Amish (1683)

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42
Q
  • Utah and the surrounding areas have the strongest percentages
  • Urban grid pattern
  • Lombardy poplars
  • irrigation ditches due to its dry climate
  • bishop storehouses
A

Lader Day Saints (Mormons)

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43
Q
  • came from KY, VA, MD

- free and escape slaves

A

Cass County, MI (1840-present)

Rural Blacks in Michigan

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44
Q
  • land purchases (1861 - 1873)

- the Berry’s that married slaveowner’s daughter

A

Mecosta-Remus (1861- present)

Rural Blacks in Michigan

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45
Q

-rural playground

1965 the lake dried out due to the civil rights registration

A

Lake County (Idlewild City)

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46
Q

“Eat to live, not live to eat” is a phrase by which early English group?

A

Quakers

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47
Q

Toponymic names: Lancaster, Liverpool, Chester

A

Quaker toponymic names

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48
Q

Where is the Mason-Dixon line?

A

southern border of Pennsylvania to Maryland

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49
Q

In 1787 the federal ratio for slaves was…

A

3/5

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50
Q

In 1790, what % of blacks were slaves?

A

92%

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51
Q

What year was slavery abolished in the North?

A

1804

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52
Q

What year did importation of slaves become illegal?

A

1808

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53
Q

Southern Social classes from wealthiest to poorest:

A
  1. Planters
  2. Yeoman
  3. Poor Whites
  4. Free Blacks
  5. Slaves
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54
Q

What was a white northerner’s opinion on blacks?

A

Liked the race, but disliked them as an individual

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55
Q

What was a white southerner’s opinion on blacks?

A

Like individual blacks, but hate them as a race

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56
Q

What was the price of a slave in 1860?

A

$800

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57
Q

Approximately how many slaves were in the US in 1860?

A

400,000 slaves

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58
Q

What state had the highest % of slaves as population?

A

South Carolina (57%)

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59
Q

What % of families owned slave in Mississippi?

A

47%

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60
Q

From what time period was the “Great Migration” of slaves?

A

1920 - 1940

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61
Q

In 2010, what state had the highest black population?

A

Mississippi (37%)

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62
Q

What are some cultural identifications of the rural south?

A
  • talk by county instead of cities

- county sheriff is important political figure

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63
Q

What is so special about Robeson County, NC?

A

1/3 Native American, 1/3 White, and 1/3 Black

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64
Q

Where has there historically been rural black communities in MI?

A
  • Cass County
  • Mecosta-Remus
  • Lake County
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65
Q

The cultural and socioeconomic practices that relates to production and consumption of food is known as?

A

Foodways

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66
Q

The person who gets the first level resource, get the ____ amount of money.

A

least

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67
Q

What country is the world’s #1 corn producer?

A

USA

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68
Q

According to the USDA, how much corn must a farmer sell to be considered a commercial farmer?

A

$1000/year

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69
Q

About what % of income do american spend on food?

A

10%

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70
Q

The number of days between last spring frost, and the first frost in the fall is known as….

A

the growing season

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71
Q

What factors are apart of capital investment for agriculture?

A
  • agriculture equipment
  • land costs per acre
  • labor costs
  • transportation costs
  • market location (population)
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72
Q

What is the cost of an acre of land in the MI?

A

$4,800/acre

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73
Q

MI farm land/sq ft is approximately how much?

A

11cents/sq. ft

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74
Q

What counties have the most expensive farm land in MI?

A
  1. Oakland
  2. Wayne
  3. Macomb
  4. Livingston
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75
Q

What % of corn is animal feed?

A

80%

76
Q

Uses of corn?

A

food, ethanol, feed

77
Q

In terms of economics, what will farmers do?

A

grow the crop that will make them the most money

78
Q

What is the 2nd most diverse agricultural state?

A

MI, after CA

79
Q
  • black and white cows
  • most prolific milk producer in the world
  • 1 cow produces 25,000 lbs of milk/year
A

Holstein Frisian Cows

80
Q

Fresh Milks can be turned into…

A

cheese, cream (butterfat), ice cream, and milk

81
Q

Pasteurization of Milk

A

killing of bacteria in the milk

82
Q

Homogenization of Milk

A

separation of the butterfat from the milk by pressure

83
Q

Corn and Soy Beans have increased drastically per acre due to…?

A

Hybrids

84
Q

Top cash money crops in MI?

A
  1. Dairy Products
  2. Greenhouse/Nursery
  3. Corn
  4. Soy Beans
85
Q

-wildly grown throughout Michigan on sandier and organic soils

A

Potatoes

86
Q

Fruit Belt

A
  • from Traverse City to Benton Harbor
  • due to lake effect
  • Blue Berries, Cherries, Apples
87
Q

What are the major seed corn producers?

A

Pioneers and Dekalb (Southern part of MI)

88
Q

On Sep 30, 2009 what legislation was implemented to aid in the safety of food health?

A

Point of Origin Labeling

89
Q

Meats, fruits, nuts, vegetables, and fish all need to have a label with original location

A

Point of Origin Labeling

90
Q

Where is the Agriculture Seedbed?

A

SE Pennsylvania

91
Q

Where is spring wheat found?

A

Montana and North Dakota

92
Q

Wheat planted in spring and harvested in the fall

A

Spring Wheat

93
Q

Wheat planted in the fall, harvested in the summer

A

Winter Wheat

94
Q

Central Pivot irrigation is typically found on land that gets ___ rainfall.

A

<500 mm of rainfall

95
Q

Where is the most prolific food growing region in the world?

A

Central Valley of California

96
Q

Top 3 agricultural products in California

A
  1. Milk
  2. Almonds
  3. Grapes
97
Q

What are the top 3 agriculture production states in the US? ($ values)

A
  1. California
  2. Iowa
  3. Texas
98
Q

Ranching occurs on land with ___ rainfall/year

A

<500mm

99
Q

Most ranching occurs on what type of land?

A

Federally Owned

100
Q

How does a rancher make money?

A

Selling grown calfs for money

101
Q

About how much does a calf weigh when it is sold?

A

about 500 lbs

102
Q

For a cattle to gain 1 lb. of beed how much grain must be consumed?

A

15 lbs. of grain

103
Q

In 1950, how many people could one farmer feed?

A

30 people

104
Q

In 2010, how many people could one farmer feed?

A

140 people

105
Q

South America is the ___ largest producer of corn.

A

3rd

106
Q

Argentina is the __ largest producer of wheat in the world.

A

13th

107
Q

Where is the major crop production in South America?

A

south east Brazil and Argentina

108
Q

What country is the 2nd in the world to eat red meat?

A

Argentina

109
Q

Mediterranean Agriculture (Middle Chile

A

Grapes/wine, blueberries

110
Q

Swidden Agriculture

A
  • slash and burn
  • deforestation
  • Shifting Cultivation
  • subsistence farming
  • Manioc -> tapioca
111
Q

Brazil is known for what crop production (#1 producer)

A

Coffee Beans and Orange Juice

112
Q

Brazil is the largest ___ producers in the world.

A

Meat

113
Q

What country is the 2nd largest producer of flowers?

A

Colombia

114
Q

What country is the largest producer of sugarcane?

A

Brasil

115
Q

What percent of USA is urbanized?

A

80%

116
Q

What is the largest capital city in the US?

A

Phoenix

117
Q

Cities with over a million in population:

A

NY, Philadelphia, Chicago, LA, San Diego, Phoenix, Dallas, Houston, San Antonio

118
Q
  • 85% of the people in the US live in this place

- city of at least 50,000 population

A

Metropolitan Statistical Area

119
Q

Michigan divides its communities into 4 distinct definitions:

A
  1. City
  2. Charter Township
  3. Village
  4. General Law Township
120
Q

What % of the MI population lives in General Law Townships?

A

25%

121
Q

General Law Townships have what type of population size?

A

less than 2,000 people

122
Q

How many general Law Townships are in MI?

A

1,105, mostly rural

123
Q

How many Villages are in MI?

A

256

124
Q

What % of MI population live in Villages?

A

3%

125
Q

What % of MI population live in Cities?

A

46% or (51%?)

126
Q

How many cities are in MI?

A

277

127
Q

How many cities in MI have population greater than 100,000?

A

8 cities

128
Q

When was the peak population of Detroit?

A

1950, due to the car industry

129
Q

8 Largest City in MI:

A

Grand Rapids, East Lansing, Flint, Ann Arbor, Detroit, Sterling Heights, Warren

130
Q

Cities of about the same population size are located _______ apart on the map.

A

Equidistant

131
Q

What city produces more cars than any in MI?

A

Lansing area

132
Q

What is one of the main income of Detroit?

A

water and sewage

133
Q

It is where the tallest buildings are for the most part.

A

Central Business District (CBD)

134
Q

How many square miles is the city of Detroit?

A

136 square miles

135
Q

How many auto assembly plants are in MI?

A

12

136
Q

What % is EL renter occupied?

A

70%

137
Q
  • homes are owned by their owners

- good because they take care of their house

A

Owner Occupied

138
Q

What country have the highest % of owner occupied?

A

Livonia and Warren

139
Q

Greatest % of over 65 years old population.

A

Livonia and Warren

140
Q

The is the richest city in the state of MI?

A

Bloomfield Hills

141
Q

The right of the state to take private property for public use

A

Eminent Domain

142
Q

What % of MI population live in Charter townships?

A

26%

143
Q

How many charter townships are in MI?

A

137

144
Q

How many charter townships are in Oakland County?

A

15

145
Q

What % of MI population drinks Detroit water?

A

50%

146
Q

How many cities in the US have more than 1 million people?

A

9

147
Q

NYC is divided into 5 boroughs, ranked from largest to smallest population:

A
  1. Brooklyn
  2. Queens
  3. Manhattan
  4. Bronx
  5. Staten Island
148
Q

How many people live in NYC?

A

8.3 million

149
Q

Zoning in CIties

A

Regulate land use

150
Q

Internal structures of Cities

A
  • irregular pattern
  • grids
  • some circles for boundaries down in southeast US
151
Q

What is the only borough that is on the mainland of the USA?

A

Bronx

152
Q

How many of the 500 Fortune Companies are in NYC?

A

45

153
Q

Land value in Manhattan is?

A

$1,500 per square feet

154
Q

How many sq. miles is LA?

A

500 sq. miles

155
Q

How many casino are on the strip of Las Vegas?

A

122

156
Q

Brothels are allowed in countries with less than ___ people.

A

400,000

157
Q

What is the biggest city in South America?

A

Sao Paulo, Brasil (11 million)

158
Q

What defines a primate city?

A

A city that is 2.5 times larger than the next largest city in the country.

159
Q

What are favelas (barrios)?

A

poor outside parts of South America cites found on hillsides

160
Q

the process of various aspects of culture, spread from their places of origin

A

Cultural Diffusion

161
Q

the belief that human cultures or behaviors can be explained entirely as the result of the effects of the physical environment

A

Environmental Determinism

162
Q

the study of the ways society adapt to environments

A

Cultural Ecology

163
Q

a culture that preserves traditions

A

Folk Culture

164
Q

shared characteristics among a group of people

A

Culture Groups

165
Q

implies a common ancestry of descent group that bears distinguishing cultural features

A

Ethnic Group

166
Q

urban and suburban neighborhoods with a high concentration of a particular ethnic group

A

Ethnic Enclaves

167
Q

a relatively continuous presence of one or a set of cultural traits

A

Culture Region

168
Q

language, shops, building materials, architecture, and settlement patterns

A

Visual Clues to culture areas

169
Q

rural societies can be differentiated by the way that some cluster housing settlements in individual farmsteads

A

Settlement Patterns

170
Q

starting in the 1940s efforts to develop new grain varieties (rice and wheat) in hopes to increase food production

A

Green Revolution

171
Q

agriculture to feed oneself and family

A

Subsistence Agriculture

172
Q

growing food and raising agriculture products for sale

A

Commercial agriculture

173
Q

the difference between the value of a raw material and the value of a product manufactured from that raw material

A

Value added by manufacturing

174
Q

when scientists gene splice two organisms to produce a recombined DNA

A

Genetically Modified

175
Q

the surrounding region to which any city provides services, and upon which it draws for its needs

A

Hinterland

176
Q

the process of defining a city territory and establishing a government

A

Incorporation

177
Q

the process of urban populations growing faster than rural populations

A

Urbanization

178
Q

the geographic study of cities

A

Urban Geography

179
Q

idea that each city, town, village, or hamlet serves its hinterland as the central place to do business

A

Central Place Theory

180
Q

a city grows in a series of rings around the central business district

A

Concentric Zone Model

181
Q

assumes that high-rent residential areas expand outward from the city center along new transportation routes such as streetcar and suburban commuter rail lines

A

Sector Model

182
Q

development of several nodes of growth within an expanding city area

A

Multiple Nuclei Model

183
Q

shows radial and circumferential highways continue to draw activities out of the central city and disperse them around the region

A

Peripheral Sector Model

184
Q

people living together because discrimination forces them to do so

A

Segregation

185
Q

restricting or prescribing the use to which parcels of land may be put

A

Zoning

ISS 310 (4 decks)

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