Exam 4

Question 1

What restriction enzyme was used in the PTC lab?

Answer 1

HaeIII

Question 2

Which method is used to visualize DNA fragments after electrophoresis?

Answer 2

UV Light

Question 3

PCR stands for

Answer 3

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Question 4

How many base pairs are found in human DNA?

Answer 4

3,000,000,000

Question 5

During PCR, where do primers attach?

Answer 5

The 3’ end of the strand

Question 6

In what sequence is PCR performed?

Answer 6

Denature, Anneal, Extend

Question 7

Autosomal dominant inheritance refers to which of the following?

Answer 7

A trait that can appear in every generation

Question 8

Autosomal recessive inheritance means:

Answer 8

Two copies of a gene must be mutated for the condition to appear

Question 9

Which of the following describes sex-linked dominant inheritance?

Answer 9

A single mutated gene on the X chromosome causes the trait

Question 10

In sex-linked recessive inheritance, who is more likely to express the trait?

Answer 10

Males

Question 11

What is the primary purpose of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in genetic testing?

Answer 11

To amplify specific DNA segments

Question 12

Which of the following techniques is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size?

Answer 12

Electrophoresis

Question 13

Which type of genetic disorder is caused by mutations in a single gene?

Answer 13

Single-gene

Question 14

What is the role of carrier screening in genetic testing?

Answer 14

To detect potential carriers of genetic conditions

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of multifactorial genetic disorders?

Answer 15

Influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors

Question 16

What is the primary benefit of prenatal diagnosis?

Answer 16

To detect genetic conditions before birth

Question 17

Which genetic disorder is associated with abnormalities in chromosome number or structure?

Answer 17

Chromosomal

Question 18

What is the function of electrophoresis in DNA analysis?

Answer 18

To separate DNA fragments by size

Question 19

Mitochondrial genetic disorders are inherited from which parent?

Answer 19

Mother

Question 20

What is the purpose of newborn screening

Answer 20

To detect genetic disorders early in life

Question 21

Which of the following is true about single-gene disorders?

Answer 21

They can be dominant or recessive

Question 22

What does carrier screening help prospective parents understand?

Answer 22

The likelihood of their children being carriers

Question 23

Which technique can be used to find small variations in DNA sequences?

Answer 23

PCR

Question 24

In which scenario is prenatal diagnosis most beneficial?

Answer 24

When there is a family history of genetic disorders

Question 25

Which of the following is a benefit of newborn screening?

Answer 25

Early detection of treatable conditions

Question 26

What is a key feature of chromosomal genetic disorders?

Answer 26

They involve large segments of DNA

Question 27

At what temperature does denaturing happen?

Answer 27

95 C

Question 28

At what temperature does annealing occur?

Answer 28

60 C

Question 29

During extension, what temperature must be held?

Answer 29

75 C