Exam 4 Flashcards
What restriction enzyme was used in the PTC lab?
HaeIII
Which method is used to visualize DNA fragments after electrophoresis?
UV Light
PCR stands for
Polymerase Chain Reaction
How many base pairs are found in human DNA?
3,000,000,000
During PCR, where do primers attach?
The 3’ end of the strand
In what sequence is PCR performed?
Denature, Anneal, Extend
Autosomal dominant inheritance refers to which of the following?
A trait that can appear in every generation
Autosomal recessive inheritance means:
Two copies of a gene must be mutated for the condition to appear
Which of the following describes sex-linked dominant inheritance?
A single mutated gene on the X chromosome causes the trait
In sex-linked recessive inheritance, who is more likely to express the trait?
Males
What is the primary purpose of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in genetic testing?
To amplify specific DNA segments
Which of the following techniques is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size?
Electrophoresis
Which type of genetic disorder is caused by mutations in a single gene?
Single-gene
What is the role of carrier screening in genetic testing?
To detect potential carriers of genetic conditions
Which of the following is a characteristic of multifactorial genetic disorders?
Influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors
What is the primary benefit of prenatal diagnosis?
To detect genetic conditions before birth
Which genetic disorder is associated with abnormalities in chromosome number or structure?
Chromosomal
What is the function of electrophoresis in DNA analysis?
To separate DNA fragments by size
Mitochondrial genetic disorders are inherited from which parent?
Mother
What is the purpose of newborn screening
To detect genetic disorders early in life
Which of the following is true about single-gene disorders?
They can be dominant or recessive
What does carrier screening help prospective parents understand?
The likelihood of their children being carriers
Which technique can be used to find small variations in DNA sequences?
PCR
In which scenario is prenatal diagnosis most beneficial?
When there is a family history of genetic disorders
Which of the following is a benefit of newborn screening?
Early detection of treatable conditions
What is a key feature of chromosomal genetic disorders?
They involve large segments of DNA
At what temperature does denaturing happen?
95 C
At what temperature does annealing occur?
60 C
During extension, what temperature must be held?
75 C
