Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the flagella in a bacteria cell

A

Assists with movement

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2
Q

Which of these features of a cell assists with movement

A

Flagella

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3
Q

What is the purpose of a cell membrane in a bacteria cell ?

A

Controls movement in and out of the cell

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4
Q

Which of these are hair-like features on the outside of a bacterial cell?

A

Pilli

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the nucleoid in a bacteria cell?

A

Contains Bacterial Chromosomal DNA

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6
Q

Which of these are small rings of DNA that help a bacteria express traits rather than to reproduce?

A

Plasmid

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the ribosome in a bacteria cell?

A

Allow for protein production

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8
Q

Which of these parts of a cell facilitation the translation of RNA into proteins?

A

Ribosomes

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9
Q

What is the purpose of pili in a bacteria cell?

A

Assist with bacteria attaching to things and DNA transfer

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10
Q

What is the purpose of the plasmids in a bacteria cell?

A

Hold small rings of DNA

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action for Tetracyclines

A

Bind to ribosomes to inhibid tRNA from using amino acids.

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12
Q

Which of these work by binding to a bacteria cell’s ribosomes?

A

Tetracyclines

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13
Q

Which of these work by prohibiting the stability of the cell wall from forming?

A

β-Lactams

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of action for Fluoroquinolones?

A

Bind to gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which prevents DNA replication.

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15
Q

Which of these stop cell reproduction by preventing uncoiling of DNA (binding to gyrase or topoisomerase IV)?

A

Fluoroquinolones

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16
Q

What is the mechanism of action for β-Lactams?

A

Bind to PBPs, which are an enzyme used to hold together the cell wall.

17
Q

What is the mechanism of action for Sulfonamides?

A

Bind to DHPS, an enzyme needed to make folate, which is used in making DNA.

18
Q

Which of these work by preventing the synthesis of Folate? (binding to DHPS)

A

Sulfonamides

19
Q

How would you best describe conjugation in terms of horizontal gene transfer?

A

Pili form a tunnel that allows plasmid DNA to move into another bacteria.

20
Q

Which of these horizontal gene transfer methods involves direct transfer of plasmids through a pili tunnel?

A

Conjugation

21
Q

How would you best describe transformation in terms of horizontal gene transfer?

A

Bacteria cells absorb segments of DNA freely available in their environment

22
Q

Which of these horizontal gene transfer methods comes from intaking DNA from the environment?

A

Transformation

23
Q

How would you best describe transduction in terms of horizontal gene transfer?

A

A virus injects remnant DNA into a host cell from a prior host cell.

24
Q

Which of these horizontal gene transfer methods is a result of a virus transmitting remnant DNA?

A

Transduction

25
Q

You can stop taking antibiotics as soon as your symptoms go away.

A

False

26
Q

What is the primary difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

A

Gram Positive has a thicker layer of peptidoglycan.