Exam 2 Flashcards
What is the purpose of the flagella in a bacteria cell
Assists with movement
Which of these features of a cell assists with movement
Flagella
What is the purpose of a cell membrane in a bacteria cell ?
Controls movement in and out of the cell
Which of these are hair-like features on the outside of a bacterial cell?
Pilli
What is the purpose of the nucleoid in a bacteria cell?
Contains Bacterial Chromosomal DNA
Which of these are small rings of DNA that help a bacteria express traits rather than to reproduce?
Plasmid
What is the purpose of the ribosome in a bacteria cell?
Allow for protein production
Which of these parts of a cell facilitation the translation of RNA into proteins?
Ribosomes
What is the purpose of pili in a bacteria cell?
Assist with bacteria attaching to things and DNA transfer
What is the purpose of the plasmids in a bacteria cell?
Hold small rings of DNA
What is the mechanism of action for Tetracyclines
Bind to ribosomes to inhibid tRNA from using amino acids.
Which of these work by binding to a bacteria cell’s ribosomes?
Tetracyclines
Which of these work by prohibiting the stability of the cell wall from forming?
β-Lactams
What is the mechanism of action for Fluoroquinolones?
Bind to gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which prevents DNA replication.
Which of these stop cell reproduction by preventing uncoiling of DNA (binding to gyrase or topoisomerase IV)?
Fluoroquinolones
What is the mechanism of action for β-Lactams?
Bind to PBPs, which are an enzyme used to hold together the cell wall.
What is the mechanism of action for Sulfonamides?
Bind to DHPS, an enzyme needed to make folate, which is used in making DNA.
Which of these work by preventing the synthesis of Folate? (binding to DHPS)
Sulfonamides
How would you best describe conjugation in terms of horizontal gene transfer?
Pili form a tunnel that allows plasmid DNA to move into another bacteria.
Which of these horizontal gene transfer methods involves direct transfer of plasmids through a pili tunnel?
Conjugation
How would you best describe transformation in terms of horizontal gene transfer?
Bacteria cells absorb segments of DNA freely available in their environment
Which of these horizontal gene transfer methods comes from intaking DNA from the environment?
Transformation
How would you best describe transduction in terms of horizontal gene transfer?
A virus injects remnant DNA into a host cell from a prior host cell.
Which of these horizontal gene transfer methods is a result of a virus transmitting remnant DNA?
Transduction
You can stop taking antibiotics as soon as your symptoms go away.
False
What is the primary difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria?
Gram Positive has a thicker layer of peptidoglycan.
