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Pharm 2024 > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Fluticasone (Lung and Nasal)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

Rinse mouth after use, it works best if used daily (bc its a steroid), usually combined w.LABAs

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2
Q

Fluticasone (Lung and Nasal)
Adverse effects

A

weight gain, thrush, rarely adrenal suppression, epistaxis (nose bleeds), Localized irritation

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3
Q

Montelukast (singulair)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

Class: Leukotriene
Not for rescue, oral pill (not inhaled), modifier, long-term use of asthma

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4
Q

Formoterol (Foradil)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

Bronchodilators are not use in acute bronchospasm, long long-term use, always must be combined with steroids (inc. risk of death)

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5
Q

Montelukast (singulair)
Adverse effects

A

Psychiatric, depressive/suicidal thoughts, liver impairment

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6
Q

Formoterol (Foradil)
Adverse effects

A

Tachycardia, Angina, Tremors

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7
Q

Albuterol ( Proair)
Adverse effects

A

tachycardia, angina, tremors

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7
Q

Albuterol ( Proair)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

On it for life, SABA, rescue inhaler for acute bronchospasm, nebulizer has a higher dose vs. inhaler, commonly combined with atrovent to create duoneb

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8
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

SABA, less beta 1 agonist activation (not as tachycardic), expensive (not given much)

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9
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)
Adverse effects

A

tachycardia (less likely), angina, tremors

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10
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

Onset within 30 seconds, lasts 6 hours, anticholinergic (monitor for s/s), used for acute bronchospasm, combined with albuterol duoneb

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11
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent)
Adverse effects

A

anticholinergic s/s

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12
Q

Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

2nd gen antihistamine, used for allergies, does not reduce nasal congestion, less drowsy than 1st gen, most effective prophylactically (taken daily)

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13
Q

Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Adverse effects

A

excitatory phase in pediatrics (same as Benadryl; sleepy then wired), anticholinergic s/s (could result in catherization)

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14
Q

Codeine
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

The best antitussive (cough), opiate pain med., monitor for resp. depression, give in small doses

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15
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

expectorant, causes more productive coughs, used for when pt. cant get up thick secretions (supportive treatment)

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15
Q

Codeine
Adverse effects

A

Resp. depression, opiate side effects (constipation, addiction, slurred speech, etc.)

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16
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex)
Adverse effects

A

renal based

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17
Q

Benzonatate (Tessalon)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

Assess neuro function, cough, suppressant/ antitussive, do not crush -> let it sit in the back of the mouth so it numbs the area

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18
Q

Benzonatate (Tessalon)
Adverse effects

A

numbness, drowsiness, constipation, insomnia

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19
Q

Famotidine (Pepcid)
Adverse effects

A

Pneumonia, CNS effects, refractory acid reflux

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19
Q

Famotidine (Pepcid)
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

Class: Histamine 2 (H-2), rapid absorption in small intestines, suppresses gastric acid, can be taken at meal times, 1st line treatment for prevention of ulcers in ICU patients

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20
Q

Calcium carbonate
Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

direct neutralization of stomach acid, short term effects

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21
Q

Omeprazole/Pantoprazole (PPIs)
Adverse effects

A

Headaches, N/V/D, high risk for C.diff, hypo magnesium (long-term use), DO NOT TAKE WITH OTHER MEDS

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22
Calcium carbonate Adverse effects
constipation, gas, can cause electrolyte abnormalities
23
Sucralfate(Carafate) Nursing/Medical Interventions
Creates coating on stomach for PUD, do not give w. other meds, given at meal times, pill or drink (both are dissolved in water)
23
Omeprazole/Pantoprazole (PPIs) Nursing/Medical Interventions
Most effective in suppressing gastric acid secretion, well tolerated, treatment option for PUDs, take first thing in morning (sometimes before bed)
24
Bismuth (Pepto) Nursing/Medical Interventions
H.pylori treatment treats all GIs symptoms (nausea, heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach, diarrhea)
25
Sucralfate(Carafate) Adverse effects
Nothing serious
26
Metoclopramide (Reglan) Nursing/Medical Interventions
used for N/V to promote gastric motility - major use is for diabetic gastroparesis
26
Bismuth (Pepto) Adverse effects
Dark stools
27
Docusate (Colace) Nursing/Medical Interventions
take with full glass of water
27
Metoclopramide (Reglan) Adverse effects
EPS s/s, ex: tardive dyskinesia, sedation, diarrhea
28
Docusate (Colace) Adverse effects
diarrhea, abdominal cramping
28
Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) Nursing/Medical Interventions
Ensure hydration, monitor food and electrolytes, first-line constipation treatment (Prophylactic)
29
Magnesium Citrate Nursing/Medical Interventions
Laxative (stool softener), off label use: GI prep, very fast acting, ensure hydration, patient takes the whole bottle to drink
29
Magnesium Citrate Adverse effects
not for renally impaired -> they will have very high mag levels, fluid and electrolyte imbalances
30
Loperamide (Imodium) Adverse effects
constipation
31
Loperamide (Imodium) Nursing/Medical Interventions
most effective antidiarrheal (because it is an opiate), never used to treat diarrhea caused by infection, check allergies related to opiates
32
Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) Adverse effects
GI s/s
33
Dicyclomine (Bentyl) Nursing/Medical Interventions
used for IBS, stops cramps, antipasmotic
34
Dicyclomine (Bentyl) Adverse effects
paralytic ileus (GI stops moving) -> treat with ambulation
35
Scopolamine Nursing/Medical Interventions
Sticker behind ear, good for hospice ( makes em sleepy and dry mouth), anticholinergic, watch for local skin reaction (particularly with sticker use)
36
Scopolamine Adverse effects
anticholinergic s/s
37
Meclizine (Antivert) Adverse effects
anticholinergic s/s
38
Meclizine (Antivert) Nursing/Medical Interventions
for motion sickness (cruise ship drug), drowsiness (its an antihistamine)
39
Ondansetron (Zofran) Adverse effects
QT prolongation*, headache, GI symptoms
39
Vitamin D Adverse effects
naturally occurring no AE
40
Ondansetron (Zofran) Nursing/Medical Interventions
First-line treatment for nausea, is very well tolerated, can be given sublingually (ODT), and only helps if given before emesis
41
Vitamin D Nursing/Medical Interventions
Pts. with deficiencies or fractures (supports bone health), almost always given w. calcium (not for cancer pts.)
42
LMWH (Enoxaparin)- lovenox Adverse effects
*Antidote - Protamine sulfate* Bleeding, HIT, spinal/epidural hematoma
42
Heparin Nursing/Medical Interventions
Monitor aPTT blocks factor Xa, PE massive DVT
42
Heparin Adverse effects
*Antidote : protamine sulfate* Bleeding, Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
42
LMWH (Enoxaparin)-lovenox Nursing/Medical Interventions
Antithrombotic/anticoagulant, prevention of DVT & PE
43
Warfarin Nursing/Medical Interventions
Vitamin K antagonist, long-term prophylaxis of thrombosis, oral anticoagulant, Monitor PT/ INR
44
Warfarin Adverse effects
hemorrhage, Antidote: Vitamin K (takes a long time), ffp*
45
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) Nursing/Medical Interventions
PO, dvt prevention, stroke prevention in afib make sure you don't combine with antifungal monitor labs,
46
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) Adverse effects
bleeding,
46
Apixaban (Eliquis) Nursing/Medical Interventions
selective, reversible site inhibitor of factor Xa, reduces the risk of stroke, PO, don't combine with antifungal
47
Apixaban (Eliquis) Adverse effects
Bleeding, anaphylaxis
48
Aspirin Nursing/Medical Interventions
Nsaid, used for secondary prevention of bad clots
49
Aspirin Adverse effects
GI upset , hemorrhagic stroke
50
Clopidogrel (Plavix) Nursing/Medical Interventions
PO, combined with aspirin, Prevents platelets from sticking together and lowers the risk of having a stroke, blood clot, heart problem, etc.
51
Clopidogrel (Plavix) Adverse effects
Gi bleed, prevents hemorrhagic stroke
52
Alteplase (TPA) Nursing/Medical Interventions
go to med for stroke, clot buster, when toa is given for MI its because cath lab not available, screen for bleeding,
53
Alteplase (TPA) Adverse effects
nosebleeds, literally bleeding from any prick or cut, etc, coughing up blood, tarry stools
54
Epoetin Alfa Nursing/Medical Interventions
can be given to a person with kidney failure, used to treat anemia,*hemoglobin no chance of getting better on its own
54
Kcentra Adverse effects
dry mouth, headache, vomiting, blurred vision
55
Kcentra Nursing/Medical Interventions
Reverses effects of blood thinners during major bleeding,
56
Epoetin Alfa Adverse effects
tarry stools, fruit like breath, tachycardia
57
Ferrous Sulfate (Iron) Nursing/Medical Interventions
PO, given to replace iron and help with anemia
58
Ferrous Sulfate (Iron) Adverse effects
black tarry stools, upset stomach, rash
59
Baclofen (Gablofen) Nursing/Medical Interventions
muscle relaxer, must taper,
60
Baclofen (Gablofen) Adverse effects
if you don't taper, the patient will get well, sedation, withdrawal
61
Alendronate (Fosamax) Nursing/Medical Interventions
take a full glass of water and remain write for a full hour
62
Alendronate (Fosamax) Adverse effects
dyspepsia, flatulence
63
Colchicine (Colcrys) Nursing/Medical Interventions
antigout agent, only give for about 2 days, quick turnaround
64
Colchicine (Colcrys) Adverse effects
Diarrhea, vomiting, stomach pain
65
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) Adverse effects
65
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) Nursing/Medical Interventions
decreases uric acid, long term for chronic gout
66
Management of H.Pylori
Need more than one antibiotic (metronidazole), PPI or histamine 2, Pepto treatment usually lasts over a month
67
Management of HIT
stop heparin- anticoagulant non heparin- start another anticoagulant because they are not at increased risk of thrombosis
68
Management of DVT
DVT prophylaxis -every patient in a hospital level 1- compression socks level 2- SCD squeezing device level 3- Lovenox and heparin

Pharm 2024 (2 decks)

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