Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharm 2024 > Exam 3- Pharm > Flashcards

Exam 3- Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Class: Growth Hormone
Name: Somatotropin (Genotropin)

Nursing/ Medical Interventions

A

Assess baseline Height and weight
Monitor glucose in patients who have diabetes
Route: IM or Sub Q

If antibodies to GH our produced resulting in inactive GH use mecasermin for further treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Class: Growth Hormone
Name: Somatotropin (Genotropin)

Adverse effects

A

Hyperglycemia
glucocorticoids oppose growth
Carpal tunnel syndrome
fatality in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Class: Growth Hormone Antagonists
Name: Octreotide (Sandostatin)

Nursing/ Medical Interventions

A

Give without food or at bedtime to minimize GI Issues
Suppresses GH release
Monitor glucose
Route: IM or Sub Q

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Class: Growth Hormone Antagonists
Name: Octreotide (Sandostatin)

Adverse effects

A

Diarrhea
N/V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone aka desmopressin (DDAVP)

Nursing/ Medical Interventions

A

Route: most common intranasal
Given for DI
Obtain baseline I&O
Reduce water intake/ monitor water intoxication
assess edema
Monitor electrolytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone aka desmopressin (DDAVP)

Adverse effects

A

Water intoxication
(sleepiness, Headaches)
Convulsions
electrolyte imbalance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Insulin
Short acting (Lispro/aspart)
Intermediate (NPH)
Long (Glargine)

Nursing/ Medical Interventions

A

Short-acting
Lispro+ Aspart (Only give if you’re eating/ before meal, if given after a meal cut the dose of that according to BS in 1/2)

Intermediate
NPH ( Should never be mixed)

Long-acting
Glargine (Lantus) ( Can be given at bedtime or morning ) Sugar will be highest in the morning right before medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the names of lispro ,aspart, and intermediate

A

Humalog, NovoLog, NPH or Neutral protamine Hagedorn,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which is the only insulin given via IV

A

Regular insulin
Humulin, Novolin
IV (u-100 only)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Insulin
Short acting (Lispro/aspart)
Intermediate (NPH)
Long (Glargine)

Adverse effects

A

Hypoglycemia: tachycardia, dizziness, sweating (B.S. below 70) - Rapid treatment necessary
Liphohypertrophy (subQ fat deposits from too many insulins injections @ same site

Hypokalemia (insulin promotes uptake of K+ cells = lower levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peak and onset of Short-acting, regular, intermediate and long-acting

Know chart

A

Short-acting
Peak: 1/2 hr -2.5 hr
Onset: 15-30 min

Regular
Peak: 1-5hr
Onset: .5 hr - 1hr

Intermediate
Peak:6-14 hr
Onset: 1-2 hr

Long-acting
Peak: none
Onset: 70 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Class: Biguanides
Name: Metformin

Nursing/ Medical Interventions

A

Can not be given with IV contrats dye, can not have metformin 24 hours after dye
Given for prevention T2DM, Gestational diabetes, PCOS,

Does not have to be taken with food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Class: Biguanides
Name: Metformin

Adverse effects

A

GI upset, wt loss, lactic acidosis
Interacts with : EtOH, Iv contrast dye, cimetidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the most common medication that causes hypoglycemia?

A

Sulfonylureas
(Glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Class: Sulfonylureas
Name: Glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride

Nursing/ Medical Interventions

A

Must be taken with food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Class: Sulfonylureas
Name: Glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride

Adverse effects

A

Hypoglycemia
Weight gain
Interacts with: EtOH, NSAIDS, Beta-blockers, sulfonamide antibiotics, cimetidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Class: Thiazolidinediones
Name: Pioglitazone

Nursing/ Medical Interventions

A

Add on to metformin used for T2DM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Class: Thiazolidinediones
Name: Pioglitazone

Adverse effects

A

Black box warning for heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Class: SGLT-2
Name: Jardiance, Farxiga

Nursing/Medical Interventions

A

It can be used for chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and diabetes
taken once daily B4 breakfast
low profile risk’
If the glomerular filtration rate is less than 30 (stages 4-5) do not administer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Class: SGLT-2
Name: Jardiance, Farxiga

Adverse effects

A

caution in renal disease. because you’re peeing everything out sugar etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Class: GLP1
Name: Ozempic, Victoza

Nursing/ Medical Interventions

A

They all end in tide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Class: GLP1
Name: Ozempic, Victoza

Adverse Effects

A

Delays gastric emptying( gastroparesis )
pancreas releases more insulin (pancreatitis)

Weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

You have a patient that comes in for heart failure they’re discharging on diabetic medication. Which of the following medications would be contraindicated to give them?

A

Pioglitazone (Thiazolidinedione)
(Because it causes heart failure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What causes weight gain?

A

insulin and sulfonylureas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What causes weight loss?
Metformin, GLP-1, SGLT-2
26
A Nurse is caring for a client with a BMI of 15 the family is concerned about weight loss with their diabetes medication which of the following would encourage weight gain?
sulfonylureas (Glipizide, glimepiridede, glyburide)
27
DKA, explain abg
Metabolic acidosis abg problem high ph bicarb eventually co2 becomes acidic can become respiratory alkalosis due to kussmauls respirations Initial treatment of DKA: Fluids (dehydrated from peeing so much) Lactated ringers it become bicarbonate helps bring down acidosis Bicarb rarely given
28
One lab we always look at for DKA
anion gap
29
HHS
should not have that much of an abg problem glucose much higher
30
What can the artery teach us that a vein can not
oxygen
31
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) Nursing/Medical Interventions
Drug choice for all forms of hypothyroidism Take on empty stomach in morning 30-60 minutes before meal
32
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) Adverse effects
thyrotoxicosis
33
Methimazole (Tapazole) Nursing/Medical Interventions
Treatment for thyroid storm 1st line for hyperthyroid Safer and easier than PTU
34
Methimazole (Tapazole) Adverse effects
Agranulocytosis (Very low WBC -neutrophils)
35
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Nursing/ medical interventions
2nd line treatment for hyperthyroidism 6-12 months for full benefits BITD/TID dosing preferred for pregnant women 1st trimester, methimazole intolerance
36
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Adverse effects
Severe liver injury agranulocytosis
37
Radioactive iodine Nursing/Medical Interventions
2-3 months full effect used in graves disease low cost
38
Radioactive iodine Adverse effects
delayed effect significant delayed hypothyroid contraindicated: children, pregnancy, lactation
39
Propranolol (Inderal) Nursing/ medical interventions
suppress tachycardia & other symptoms of Graves disease beneficial in thyrotoxic crisis
40
Propranolol (Inderal) Adverse effects
ED, fatigue, dizziness
41
Class: Corticosteroids Name: Hydrocortisone Prednisone Dexamethasone Nursing/ medical interventions
Monitor BP, glucose, mood swings, wt gain, monitor s/s of infection, monitor GI bleed Increase calcium to help against osteoporosis do not stop abruptly take with food, milk or meal to prevent GI Upset Hydrocortisone: adrenal insufficiency, allergic reactions, inflammation, cancer Prednisone/ Dexamethasone:(high doses to suppress inflammatory & immune response) Arthritis, asthma, allergies, IBS/chrons/ulcerative colitis, topical for psoriasis
42
Class: Corticosteroids Name: Hydrocortisone Prednisone Dexamethasone adverse effects
To prevent gradually taper off until discontinued + lowest dose possible *Cushing's syndrome * sodium/ fluid retention CNS effects: insomnia, anxiety, headache, confusion HTN, Tachycardia, Cataracts
43
Explain cushings syndrome
To much cortisol > elevated glucose Buffalo hump between shoulders, moon face, truncal obesity, wt gain, emotional instability you will look like a cushion
44
ACTH – Cosynotropin (Cortosyn) Nursing/ medical interventions
Give medication wait 30-60 minutes measure cortisol levels if it rises after the dose adrenal glands are good and it's a pituitary issue (secondary insufficiency) if levels don't rise it's an adrenal gland issue (primary insufficiency)
45
ACTH – Cosynotropin (Cortosyn) Adverse effects
allergic reaction/ anaphylaxis
46
Morphine Nursing/ medical intervention
Can give a warm feeling when given through IV Asses before and after given
47
Morphine Adverse effect
Respiratory depression, constipation, many patients have allergies, N/V, sedation
48
Fentanyl Nursing/ medical intervention
100x more potent than morphine available 3 routes: Most common IV- and transdermal Im lasts 1-2 hours
49
Fentanyl Adverse effect
Sedation, cough suppression
50
Methadone Nursing/ medical intervention
For pain & opioid addicts suppressive therapy help with the first 3 days
51
Methadone Adverse effect
slow breathing D/V/N
52
Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Nursing/ medical intervention
More rapid onset I might have to give more frequently since it works quickly and wears off
53
Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Adverse effect
Euphoria, sedation, mental clouding
54
Hydrocodone/Oxycodone Oral opiates with moderate effectiveness Nursing/ medical intervention
When given PO opioid and mixed with Tylenol they last longer and more effective at burst dosing than IV Oxy lasts 4-6 hours
55
Hydrocodone/Oxycodone Oral opiates with moderate effectiveness Adverse effects
Urinary retention, lightheadedness
56
Buprenorphine (Suboxone) Nursing/ medical intervention
Seen with opiate withdrawal independence to get these patients off oc opioids like heroin transdermal/sl im/iv
57
Buprenorphine (Suboxone) Adverse effects
no respiratory depression
58
Naloxone (Narcan) Nursing/Medical Intervention
Only given for respiratory depression due to opioids Only lasts for a little while
59
Naloxone (Narcan) Adverse effect
irratibility, nausea vomitting
60
Key take away any patient that's overdosing and has severe respiratory depression
treat with Narcan, if narcan is not working they may need an airway placed
61
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex) Nursing/ medical intervention
Great IV med. given to sedate and provide some pain relief given to all ages* easier and safer than other sedations like profopol
62
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex) Adverse effect
Hypotension and bradycardia
63
Class: Triptains (easy name) Med: Sumatriptan Nursing/ medical intervention
Po or intranasal, do not give to someone with high blood pressure
64
Class: Triptains (easy name) Med: Sumatriptan Adverse effect
tingling, malaise, coronary vasospasm, teratogenesis for people with no Hx except headache
65
Propofol Nursing/ medical intervention
Most widely used IV anesthetic goes away very quickly
66
Propofol Adverse effect
Risk for abuse, hypotension, resp, depression, high-risk bacterial infection
67
Ketamine Nursing/ medical intervention
Does not cause respiratory depression and can be given to kids beta-agonist- stimulates the beta to increase in HR
68
Ketamine Adverse effect
Psych reactions: hallucinations, delirium, bad dreams
69
Succinylcholine Nursing/medical intervention
The patient will cease breathing thus you must be breathing for them. Short-acting
70
Succinylcholine Adverse effects
Avoid use in clients with hyperkalemia
71
Lidocaine (xylocaine) Local anesthetic Nursing/medical intervention
local injection you cant have epinephrine in your local anesthetic if it's at a distal site
72
Lidocaine (xylocaine) Local anesthetic Adverse effect
Allergic reaction cv issues
73
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) use in alcohol withdraw Nursing/ medical intervention
Benxodiazepine decreases symptoms, prevents seizures & delirium
74
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) use in alcohol withdraw Adverse effect
fatigue, headache
75
Banana bag Nursing/ medical intervention
for alchol withdrawal thiamine, folate, multivitamin, in isotonic saline 5% dextrose
76
Nicotine replacement Nursing/ medical intervention
Smoking cessation 5As Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange Patch- Nicoderm Gum- Nicorette Lozenge- Nicorette lozenge Nasal spray- Nicotrol NS Inhaler- Nicotrol Inhaler
77
Nicotine replacement Adverse effect
local irritation
78
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) Nursing/ medical intervention
antidepressant that also reduces the urge to smoke reduces some symptoms of nicotine withdrawal Adjust if the patient is on antidepressants
79
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) Adverse effect
Dry mouth and insomnia
80
Midazolam (versed) Nursing/ medical intervention
IV: Conscious sedation, unconsciousness within 80 seconds benzo- despite primary use for anxiety
81
Midazolam (versed) Adverse effect
cardiorespiratory effects
82
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) Nursing/ medical intervention
Nonopioid pain management nonaddictive up to 4g a day watch patients with poor liver function (excretion)
83
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) Adverse effect
risk of acute liver failure
84
Ketorolac (Toradol) Nursing/ medical intervention
Ibuprofen similar Be careful with anticoagulants we have to make sure there is intact kidney function since is excreted through the kidney
85
Ketorolac (Toradol) Adverse effect
Kidney failure
86
Management of hypernatremia
87
Management of hyponatremia
88
Management of DKA
89
Management of malignant hyperthermia
increase risk with paralytics, especially inhalation anesthetics Cool down patients, give IV dantrolene, stop succinylcholine
90
Management of Migraine
You might get an aurora triggers Triptans (serotonin receptor agonists- they cause vasoconstriction of intervascular vessels won't give to patients with high BP Migraine cocktail Give Iv fluids- dark room Give toradol (ketorolac) anti-inflammatory Give Benadryl so they sleep Give IV anti-emetics for nausea opiates not 1st line management

Pharm 2024 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions