Exam 4 Flashcards
The type of schema that helps us understand how a series of events progress in a situation is:
a. mental shortcut.
b. stereotype.
c. script.
d. exemplar.
script
Remembering that he needed to pick up milk on the way home from work, Jon is using his _____ memory
system.
a. implicit
b. procedural
c. prospective
d. explicit
prospective
After struggling to solve a math problem, you suddenly see the solution. For no apparent reason, the method
for solving the problem just came to your mind. You have experienced:
a. insight.
b. clarity.
c. restructuring.
d. fixedness.
insight
If you can remember exactly what you did yesterday but have trouble remembering the names of the 50 states,
then you have excellent episodic memory but somewhat poor _____ memory.
a. semantic
b. implicit
c. explicit
d. procedural
semantic
When a person incorrectly remembers the time, place, person, or circumstances involved in a memory, she is
experiencing:
a. absentmindedness.
b. cryptomnesia.
c. source misattribution.
d. the sleeper effect.
source misattribution
The disorder that results in difficulties with being able to produce speech is called:
a. Korsakoff’s syndrome.
b. global aphasia.
c. Wernicke’s aphasia.
d. Broca’s aphasia.
Broca’s aphasia
Ivaylo goes skiing after many years away from the sport. What kind of memory makes it possible for him to
get back on the slopes without taking new skiing lessons?
a. declarative memory
b. episodic memory
c. explicit memory
d. procedural memory
procedural memory
A study finds that women do as well as men in math courses at all levels. If Heather reads this study before
taking her calculus final, she will be ________ likely to do well, because of ________.
a. less; positive role models
b. more; positive role models
c. more; reduced stereotype threat
d. less; reduced stereotype threat
more; reduced stereotype threat
Phonemes are:
a. the basic sounds of a language.
b. the smallest units of language that have meaning.
c. equivalent to syllables.
d. sounds that are similar across various languages.
the basic sounds of a language
Jon is trying to remember his class schedule from last semester, but he keeps thinking of his current classes
instead. This phenomenon is an example of which type of interference?
a. retroactive
b. proactive
c. blocking
d. absentmindedness
retroactive
The sentences Jill was kissed by Jack and Jack kissed Jill have the same:
a. phonemes.
b. morphemes.
c. surface structure.
d. deep structure.
deep structure
Chomsky has argued that children:
a. must learn the grammatical rules of any language through explicit instruction.
b. must be taught to transform the surface structure of a sentence to its deep structure.
c. have a built-in preparedness to acquire grammar.
d. have an innate tendency to name objects.
have a built-in preparedness to acquire grammar
Scientists have developed a new drug that leaves your current memory intact, but people who take the drug
can no longer learn new information. This drug produces:
a. anterograde amnesia.
b. retrograde amnesia.
c. relearning interference.
d. proactive amnesia.
anterograde amnesia
Analogical representations ________ correspond to characteristics of the object that they represent. Symbolic
representations ________ correspond to characteristics of the object that they represent.
a. do; do
b. do not; do not
c. do; do not
d. do not; do
do; do not
When a friend asks you to recommend a restaurant, you send her to the place where you ate last Saturday
because it comes most quickly to mind. This way of thinking is an example of:
a. confirmation bias.
b. the framing effect.
c. insight.
d. the availability heuristic.
the availability heuristic
A critical property of insight is that the solution to the problem:
a. has clear subgoals.
b. emerges in a single step.
c. emerges over several steps.
d. develops clear subgoals.
emerges in a single step
