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Psychology Final Exam > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

The ________ capture(s) the incoming chemical signal while the ________ release(s) the chemical signal.
A. terminal buttons; dendrites
B. dendrites; terminal buttons
C. cell body; axon
D. axon; cell body

A

dendrites; terminal buttons

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2
Q

Our body’s neural system is built from billions of nerve cells, also called:
A. neurotransmitters.
B. neurons.
C. axons.
D. genomes

A

neurons

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3
Q

Interneurons communicate:
A. within local or short distance circuits.
B. directly on muscles.
C. directly on sensory organs.
D. with glial cells

A

within local or short distance circuits

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4
Q

Occasionally, Jon will fall asleep while working with a customer. Jon is experiencing which sleep disorder?
A. sleep apnea
B. insomnia
C. narcolepsy
D. paradoxical sleep

A

narcolepsy

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5
Q

Which of the following brain areas is responsible for secreting melatonin?
A. pineal gland
B. suprachiasmic nuclei
C. reticular formation
D. substantia nigra

A

pineal gland

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6
Q

What are the branchlike appendages that detect chemical signals from other neurons?
A. axons
B. synapses
C. cell bodies
D. dendrites

A

dendrites

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7
Q

The two types of ions that control neuron firing are:
A. nitrogen and calcium.
B. calcium and sodium.
C. sodium and potassium.
D. potassium and magnesium

A

sodium and potassium

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8
Q

In the nervous system, cells called ________ receive, integrate, and transmit information.
A. axons
B. neurons
C. dendrites
D. glial cells

A

neurons

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9
Q

Genotype refers to the:
A. genetic information carried by a cell.
B. physical or behavioral characteristics actually expressed.
C. results of a genetic mutation.
D. probability of a gene being expressed

A

genetic information carried by a cell

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10
Q

________ are composed of ________, which in turn are made of ________.
A. Chromosomes; DNA; genes
B. Chromosomes; genes; DNA
C. Genes; DNA; chromosomes
D. Genes; chromosomes; DNA

A

Chromosomes; genes; DNA

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11
Q

Like methamphetamine, ________ increases the concentration of dopamine in the synapse.
A. cocaine
B. alcohol
C. MDMA
D. heroin

A

cocaine

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12
Q

Consciousness is necessary for each of the following EXCEPT:
A. complex actions.
B. higher-level thinking.
C. automatic processing.
D. communicating with others

A

automatic processing

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13
Q

According to research on hypnosis, what is the most important factor for hypnosis to work?
A. the ability of the hypnotist
B. the suggestibility of the individual who is to be hypnotized
C. the expectations of the audience
D. the intelligence of the individual who is to be hypnotized

A

the suggestibility of the individual who is to be hypnotized

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14
Q

Tetrahydrocannabinol is the psychoactive chemical in which drug?
A. marijuana
B. MDMA
C. tetracycline
D. crack cocaine

A

marijuana

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15
Q

Drugs that block the effects of neurotransmitters by occupying their receptor sites are called:
A. antagonists.
B. agonists.
C. acetylcholines.
D. selective inhibitors

A

antagonists

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16
Q

Cocaine causes the neurotransmitter dopamine to remain at the site of the synapse longer than it normally
would; cocaine thus inhibits the process termed:
A. recycling.
B. reabsorption.
C. reuse.
D. reuptake

A

reuptake

17
Q

The extensions of a neuron that receive messages from other neurons are the:
A. nerves.
B. cell body.
C. dendrites.
D. axon terminal buttons

A

dendrites

18
Q

The compulsive use of a drug despite negative consequences is referred to as:
A. tolerance.
B. withdrawal.
C. addiction.
D. dependence

A

addiction

19
Q

A mind-altering substance that changes the brain’s neurochemistry by activating neurotransmitter receptors is
called a:
A. neuromodulator.
B. neurotoxin.
C. psychoactive drug.
D. psychoendorphin

A

psychoactive drug

20
Q

The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system.
A. sensory
B. peripheral
C. somatic
D. central

A

central

21
Q

Axons:
A. transmit nerve impulses to terminal buttons and vary in length.
B. are always bundled with other axons to form nerves and are individually very short in
length.
C. vary in length depending on whether they send or receive information.
D. are uniform in size throughout the body though capable of serving different functions.

A

transmit nerve impulses to terminal buttons and vary in length

22
Q

This brain structure is associated with the formation of memories.
A. thalamus
B. amygdala
C. hippocampus
D. hypothalamus

A

hippocampus

23
Q

Phenotype refers to the:
A. genetic information carried by a cell.
B. physical or behavioral characteristics actually expressed.
C. results of a genetic mutation.
D. probability of a gene being expressed

A

physical or behavioral characteristics actually expressed

24
Q

How do neurons communicate?
A. Terminal buttons plug into receptor sites on adjacent dendrites.
B. Neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind with receptors on the postsynaptic dendrite.
C. Electric signals jump across the synapse to the adjacent neuron.
D. Chemicals released into the synapse are converted to neurotransmitters that bind with
receptors

A

Neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind with receptors on the postsynaptic dendrite

25
Q

Drugs that produce their effects by mimicking neurotransmitters are called:
A. antagonists.
B. agonists.
C. acetylcholines.
D. reuptake inhibitors

A

agonists

26
Q

Which of the following sequences reflects the order in which a signal generally travels through a neuron?
A. dendrite –> soma –> axon –> terminal buttons
B. terminal buttons  axon  cell body  dendrite
C. cell body  dendrite  axon  terminal buttons
D. dendrite  axon  cell body  terminal buttons

A

dendrite –> soma –> axon –> terminal buttons

27
Q

Which of the following is NOT a basic type of neuron?
A. sensory neurons
B. motor neurons
C. interneurons
D. myelin neurons

A

myelin neurons

28
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the brain stem?
A. the pons
B. the medulla
C. the midbrain
D. the cerebellum

A

the cerebellum

29
Q

A synapse is a:
A. chemical.
B. joint.
C. signal.
D. gap

A

gap

30
Q

Which of the following subcortical structures plays an important role in fear processing?
A. hypothalamus
B. hippocampus
C. amygdala
D. basal ganglia

A

amygdala

31
Q

The ________ is a communication system that influences thoughts, behaviors, and actions via hormones.
A. somatic nervous system
B. sympathetic system
C. parasympathetic system
D. endocrine system

A

endocrine system

32
Q

Anke is working in a laboratory and comes across a rat that is grossly overweight and seems unable to stop
eating. The researcher tells Anke this rat has a brain lesion. Which part of the brain most likely has the lesion?
A. amygdala
B. hypothalamus
C. frontal lobe
D. brain stem

A

hypothalamus

33
Q

Another term for neuron firing is:
A. action potential.
B. somatic potential.
C. resting membrane potential.
D. ion potential.

A

action potential

Psychology Final Exam (4 decks)

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